Hieracium virosum

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Hieracium virosum
Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Cichorioideae
Tribe : Cichorieae
Genre : Hawkweed ( Hieracium )
Type : Hieracium virosum
Scientific name
Hieracium virosum
Pall.

Hieracium virosum is a plant from the genus of hawkweed ( Hieracium ) within the family of Compositae (Asteraceae). It occurs from Southeast and Eastern Europe through Southwest and Central Asia to Japan.

description

Vegetative characteristics

Hieracium virosum is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 40 to 120 centimeters. It forms thick rhizomes . The stiff and upright stems are branched in the upper part and stand together individually or in small numbers in clusters. They are colored purple at the base and occasionally sparsely covered with simple hair, but otherwise the stems are mostly hairless.

At the base of the stem there are several basal leaves which, like the leaves in the lower stem area, fall off after the flowering period, while on the middle and upper stem there are also 10 to 80 sessile leaves that surround the stem. With a length of 5 to 8 centimeters and a width of 1.5 to 5 centimeters, the somewhat glauke leaf blade is egg-shaped to ovate-lanceolate and elliptically lanceolate to approximately elliptical with a heart-shaped blade base and a pointed to briefly pointed tip. The spreading margins are whole or slightly toothed, with the teeth being sharply demarcated. The pale green underside of the leaf shows a reticulate leaf veins, which, like the leaf margins, can be sparsely covered with simple and more or less bristle hairs.

Generative characteristics

At least in Xinjiang, the flowering period and fruit ripening extend from June to October. The short -umbrella panicle to elongate panicle total inflorescence contains 10 to 80 cup-shaped partial inflorescences. The inflorescence stem is hairless. The bell-shaped to top- shaped involucre with a diameter of 0.9 to 1.1 centimeters contains several rows of green to dark green and bare bracts on the underside . The outer bracts are about 3 millimeters long and about 1 millimeter wide, lanceolate to linear to broadly linear, while the lanceolate middle bracts are 4.5 to 8 millimeters long and about 1.5 millimeters wide and the inner ones are also lanceolate Bracts are about 11 millimeters long and about 1 millimeter wide. The flower heads contain several yellow ray-florets .

The blackish brown achenes are cylindrical with a length of about 0.3 centimeters and have ten ribs. The pappus consists of several pale yellow bristle hairs, which are about 0.6 inches long.

Chromosome number

The chromosome number is 2n = 27 or 36.

Occurrence

The natural range of Hieracium virosum covers large parts of Eurasia . It extends from Southeast and Eastern Europe through Southwest Asia , Kazakhstan , Uzbekistan , India , Russia , the Uyghur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang and Mongolia to Japan . The species was introduced in Germany and Iceland and is growing wild.

Hieracium virosum thrives in Xinjiang on meadows as well as in forests and thickets at altitudes of 1700 to 2100 meters.

Taxonomy

It was first described as Hieracium virosum in 1771 by Peter Simon Pallas in a journey through various provinces of the Russian Empire , number 1, page 501. Synonyms for Hieracium virosum Pall. are Hieracium prostratum DC. , Hieracium prostratum Ledeb. , Hieracium sabaudum Pall. and Hieracium salaudum Pall.

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Hieracium virosum subsp. foliosum (Willd.) Zahn : It occurs in parts of Southeast and Eastern Europe.
  • Hieracium virosum Pall. subsp. virosum

swell

  • Zhu Shi, Günter Gottschlich: Asteraceae . Hieracium. In: Wu Zheng-Yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Asteraceae. Volume 20-21. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2011, Hieracium virosum , p. 351 (English, " Hieracium virosum - Online " - this work is online with the same text). (Sections Description, Occurrence and Systematics)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Zhu Shi, Günter Gottschlich: Asteraceae . Hieracium. In: Wu Zheng-Yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Asteraceae. Volume 20-21. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2011, Hieracium virosum , p. 351 (English, Hieracium virosum Pallas - online - this work is online with the same text). (Sections Description, Occurrence and Systematics)
  2. ↑ Hieracium virosum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  3. ↑ a b c d Hieracium virosum Pall. In: The Euro + Med PlantBase Project. www.bgbm.org, accessed on August 14, 2017 (English).
  4. ↑ Hieracium virosum at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved August 14, 2017.

Web links