Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann

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Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann in 1898

Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann (born December 17, 1855 in Halliford near London , † October 10, 1916 in Munich ) was a British doctor . In 1880 she was the first woman in Germany to complete a medical degree with the state examination and became the first general practitioner and gynecologist in Munich.

Life

She was the youngest daughter of the English publicist and railway designer William Bridges Adams and his (third) wife Ellen. She attended Bedford College , one of the first colleges for women, and graduated from it. After her father's death, she emigrated to continental Europe . For the winter semester of 1876/77, she enrolled as a guest student at the University of Leipzig , because at that time women could not study otherwise in the German Empire . During the lectures she wore men's clothes and a short haircut to make her less conspicuous. In 1880, she became the first woman in Germany to complete her medical degree with a state examination in Leipzig. However, the degree in Leipzig was not officially recognized. She then received her doctorate in Bern , and in 1881 she was granted a British license to practice medicine in Dublin . In 1882 she married Otto Walther , with whom she ran a practice in Frankfurt am Main until 1886 . The couple had two children.

In 1891, after Hope fell ill with tuberculosis , the couple opened a modern lung sanatorium in Nordrach in the Black Forest, which they ran together until 1893. The marriage ended in divorce in 1895.

In 1896 she married Carl Lehmann and worked in his practice at Gabelsberger Str. 46 in the Maxvorstadt district of Munich . It was not until 1904 that she subsequently received her license to practice medicine and the right to use the doctorate through a resolution by the Federal Council.

Bridges Adams Lehmann was active as a peace activist and advocated equal rights for women. She maintained contacts with, among others, Lenin and August Bebel as well as the Munich women's movement around Anita Augspurg and Lida Heymann and had a close friendly relationship with Clara Zetkin , whose sons lived with her for a while.

Her most important writing was the work Das Frauenbuch , published in 1896 . A medical guide for women in the family and for women’s diseases . In two volumes, she makes fundamental statements about health care for women that were groundbreaking at the time and imparted basic medical knowledge to women in order to improve their general health. Her publications included advice on how to live healthier lives on topics such as exercise in the fresh air, hygiene, sexual education and contraceptive methods. She also spoke out against wearing corsets by explaining the medical consequences.

Bridges Adams Lehmann developed concepts for the equal coexistence of men and women and also directed himself accordingly; So her son Heinz and her daughter Mara from their first marriage lived with their mother and her new husband in Munich during their school days, and they spent the holidays with their father.

Honor

The Adams-Lehmann-Strasse is located in the district 4 Schwabing-West and runs on the severity Rider road about 200 meters to the north, then turning off to the west at a right angle and ends after 200 meters. According to the decision of December 9, 2004 (street renaming in 2004) , it is named after the doctor and reformer Hope Bridges Adams-Lehmann.

Works

literature

  • Marita Krauss : The life plans and reform proposals of the doctor Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann (1855-1916). In: Elisabeth Dickmann, Eva Schöck-Quinteros (Hrsg.): Barriers and careers. The beginnings of women's studies in Germany. Documentation volume of the conference "100 Years of Women in Science" in February 1997 at the University of Bremen . Trafo Verlag Weist, Berlin 2000. pp. 143–157.
  • Marita Krauss: The woman of the future. Dr. Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann (1855–1916), doctor and reformer . Buchendorfer Verlag, Munich 2002.
  • Marita Krauss: "The new age with its new demands also demands a new gender". The doctor Dr. Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann and their demands on women in the 20th century . In: Frank Stahnisch / Florian Steger (eds.): Medicine, history and gender. Body-historical reconstructions of identities and differences . Steiner, Stuttgart 2005. ISBN 3-515-08564-5 . Pp. 119-135.
  • Marita Krauss: Hope. Dr. Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann - doctor and visionary. The biography . Volk Verlag, Munich 2009. ISBN 978-3-937200-69-9 .
  • Article Adams-Lehmann, Hope Bridges . In: Volkmar Sigusch / Günter Grau (Hrsg.): Personal Lexicon of Sexual Research . Campus, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 2009. ISBN 978-3-593-39049-9 . P. 23 f.
  • Christine Kirschstein: Continued crimes against life. Causes and background of the investigation proceedings initiated in 1914 according to § 219 RSTGB against the Munich doctor Dr. Hope Bridges Adams-Lehmann . Haag + Herchen Frankfurt am Main 1992. ISBN 3-89228-871-2 .

filming

The life of Bridges Adams Lehmann was shot in 2008 under the direction of Martin Enlen with Heike Makatsch in the leading role as a two-part television series entitled Dr. Hope - A woman doesn't give up filmed for ZDF . The film premiered on July 3, 2009 at the Munich Film Festival. It was first broadcast on television on the Arte channel on March 19, 2010. The screenwriters Torsten Dewi and Katrin Tempel published a “biographical novel” in 2009 as a book on the film.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ W. U. Eckart et al. a. (Ed.): Doctors Lexicon. 3. Edition. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2006, ISBN 3-540-29584-4 .
  2. ↑ a b c Marita Krauss: "The new age with its new demands also demands a new gender". The doctor Dr. Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann and their demands on women in the 20th century . In: Frank Stahnisch / Florian Steger (eds.): Medicine, history and gender. Body-historical reconstructions of identities and differences . Steiner, Stuttgart 2005. ISBN 3-515-08564-5 . P. 120.
  3. ^ Adams-Lehmann-Strasse, in the Munich Wiki.
  4. ↑ Renaming of the street in 2004 , City of Munich, Kommunalreferat (muenchen.de) .
  5. ↑ Katja Sebald: Alone among men. Spiegel.de One day on March 18, 2010.
  6. ↑ See the website of the Munich Film Festival for part 1 ( memento of January 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) and part 2  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ! Retrieved December 7, 2009.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.filmfest-muenchen.de  
  7. ↑ Arte 7 days: Dr. Hope - A woman doesn't give up. ( Memento from March 22, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ Torsten Dewi / Katrin Tempel: Dr. Hope. A woman doesn't give up. Germany's first female doctor . Piper, Munich / Zurich 2009. ISBN 978-3-492-25488-5 .
  9. ↑ Oliver Hochkeppel: From Lenin to Nonsense. Who does the media truth about Hope Bridges Adams Lehmann, the first female doctor in Munich, belong to? In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . September 18, 2009. p. 41.
personal data
SURNAME Bridges Adams Lehmann, Hope
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bridges Adams-Lehmann, Hope; B. Adams-Lehmann, H .; Adams Walther, Hope (1st married name); Bridges Adams, Hope (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Women's rights activist and first general practitioner and gynecologist in Munich
DATE OF BIRTH December 17, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Halliford near London
DATE OF DEATH October 10, 1916
Place of death Munich