Dog's tooth lily
| Dog's tooth lily | ||||||||||||
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Wild plant, Sub-Adriatic Dinarides, 1560 m (June 15, 2013) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Erythronium dens-canis | ||||||||||||
| L. |
The dog-tooth violet ( Erythronium dens-canis ), even dog tooth or European dog tooth called, is a flowering plant in the family of the lily family (Liliaceae). Their specific epithet dens-canis is derived from the tooth-like onions.
description
The dog's tooth lily grows as a perennial, herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 30 cm. This geophyte forms onions as persistent organs. The dog's tooth lily has two opposite leaves that are egg-shaped to egg-lanceolate and 6 to 10 cm long, they are brown-green, dark green or gray-green piebald.
The flowering period is between February and April. The nodding flower is threefold. The six purple, rarely white bracts are about 3 cm long and bent back.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Occurrence
The distribution area includes southern Europe and southern central Europe to Ukraine. Erythronium dens-canis occurs in northern Portugal, central Italy, Albania and northeast Greece to central France, in Switzerland, central Bohemia and the Carpathians. The dog's tooth lily was naturalized in Great Britain. The species does not occur in Germany. In Austria, the dog's tooth occurs in Burgenland , Styria and Carinthia . It is considered regionally endangered here.
The dog's tooth grows in deciduous forests, forest edges and damp meadows, in Austria in colline to montane altitudes of 200 to 2200 meters.
use
The dog's tooth lily is used as an ornamental plant for wooded edges, rock gardens and loose lawns. It has been in culture since 1570 at the latest. There are now more than ten varieties (selection):
- 'Lilac Wonder' and 'Frans Hals' have dark purple flowers
- 'Snowflake' has white flowers
Common names
The other German-language trivial names exist for the Hunds tooth lily : Kokeschbleamen ( Siebenbürgen ), Kokeschüchler (Siebenbürgen), Schoswurz ( Silesia ), red Stendelwurz, Strepbleamen (Transylvania near Zuckmantel ) and tooth lily.
photos
White variant
blossom
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Rothmaler excursion flora from Germany. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 , p. 681.
Web links
- Erythronium dens-canis L., map for distribution in Switzerland In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Data sheet with photo and distribution in France
- About toxicity.
- For gardening.
- Info on Gartendatenbank.de.
Individual evidence
- ^ Tropicos. [1]
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Erythronium dens-canis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 24, 2020.
- ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 147. ( online ).