Tabernanthe iboga
| Tabernanthe iboga | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tabernanthe iboga |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Tabernanthe iboga | ||||||||||||
| Baill. |
Tabernanthe iboga is a species of plant from the genus Tabernanthe in the dog venom family(Apocynaceae) from Central Africa . There the common names Iboga , Eboga , Eboka , or Obona are used .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Tabernanthe iboga is an evergreen shrub that reaches heights of 1 to 4 meters. The plant produces a milky sap . The opposite, simple and short-stalked, mostly bare leaves are egg-shaped or elliptical to obovate, lanceolate, entire, rounded, pointed to pointed and shiny. The stipules are missing. Kolleteren can occur on the petiole and calyx .
Generative characteristics
The loose and umbrella-like inflorescences appear in pairs and axillary. The small, five-fold and stalked, fragrant, hermaphrodite flowers with a double perimeter are white-pink. The corolla tube is usually urn-shaped and the somewhat shorter, sweeping corolla lobes are roof-shaped and twisted spirally, with reddish sap marks on the throat. The short, almost sessile stamens , with arrow-shaped anthers, in the middle of the corolla tube, are enclosed. The ovary is above and surrounded by a discus . The short, slender stylus has a large stylus head.
The up to 3–6.5 centimeters large, bare, smooth and multi-seeded, orange-yellow, narrow to normal egg-shaped fruits, berries , with a permanent calyx, turn orange when ripe. The dark brown, 5-10 millimeter large seeds are slightly flattened and sculpted, furrowed. They lie in a white, spongy pulp.
Occurrence
In tropical Central Africa , Tabernanthe iboga is found in Gabon , Cameroon , the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Republic of the Congo . Tabernanthe iboga thrives in the undergrowth of the tropical forests of Africa.
The iboga shrub is grown in many areas of West Africa .
Taxonomy
Synonyms are: Tabernanthe albiflora Stapf , Tabernanthe bocca Stapf , Tabernanthe mannii Stapf , Tabernanthe pubescens Pichon , Tabernanthe subsessilis Stapf , Tabernanthe tenuiflora Stapf , Iboga vateriana Braun-Blanq. & K.Schum .
ingredients
The Iboga root, especially the inner layer of the root bark, contains psychoactive indole - alkaloids , especially the Ibogaine (12-methoxy-ibogamine). High quality root bark can contain up to 6% ibogaine.
use
The iboga root is consumed orally , tastes extremely bitter and is chewed in chopped or ground state and swallowed with plenty of water.
As with the extracted ibogaine, bound as hydrochloride , smaller doses have a stimulating and aphrodisiac effect , while larger doses trigger visions , i.e. vivid waking dreams with closed eyes. In contrast to pure ibogaine, however, the acute effects of iboga last longer (6–12 instead of 4–8 hours) and are subjectively perceived as less intense. However, the nausea and frequent vomiting at high doses are even more pronounced.
Tabernanthe iboga is mainly used in the Bwiti cult among the Fang and Mitsogo in Gabon and neighboring areas of neighboring countries as a ritual drug with which healing and initiation ceremonies are carried out.
According to Howard Lotsof , one of the earliest and perhaps most important researchers in the field of iboga medicinal use to date, the first anti-HCV (hepatitis C) effects of iboga were reported in 1990. Furthermore, the treatment with iboga also improved liver values. These results were presented by him during a scientific forum on iboga in Warsaw in 2007.
literature
- GJA Vonk, AJM Leeuwenberg: A taxonomie revision of the genus Tabernanthe and a study of wood anatomy of T. iboga. In: Wageningen Agric. Univ. Papers. 89-4, 1989, Series of revisions of Apocynaceae. XXIX, pp. 1-18, online (PDF).
Web links
- Tabernanthe iboga . In: U. Brunken, M. Schmidt, S. Dressler, T. Janssen, A. Thiombiano, G. Zizka: West African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main 2008.
- Tabernanthe iboga at PROTA.
- Tabernanthe iboga . In: Erowid . (English)
- Information about the species on catbull.com (with illustration).
- Tabernanthe iboga photos on weberseeds.de.
- Ibogaine, Rite of Passage Film (50 min.) By Ben De Loenen. Describes both traditional usage and Western addiction therapy.
Individual evidence
- ↑ PowerPoint presentation for the Initial Iboga Forum in Warsaw 2007. ( Memento of the original from December 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
