Idrialin
| Idrialin | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| chemical formula | C 22 H 14 |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Organic compounds |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
10.BA.20 ( 8th edition : IX / B.02) 03/50/08/01 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | orthorhombic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | Please complete |
| Lattice parameters | a = 8.07 Å ; b = 6.42 Å; c = 27.75 Å |
| Formula units | Z = 4 |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 1 to 1.5 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | 1.22 to 1.236 |
| Cleavage | completely after {001}; indistinct after {100} |
| colour | colorless, greenish yellow, light brown |
| Line color | White |
| transparency | translucent |
| shine | Glass luster, diamond luster |
| Crystal optics | |
| Refractive indices |
n α = 1.557 n β = 1.734 n γ = 2.07 |
| Optical character | biaxial positive |
| Axis angle | 2V = 84 ° |
Idrialin ( idrialite , curtisite , mercury fire ore ) is a rather seldom occurring mineral from the mineral class of organic compounds . It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with the chemical composition C 22 H 14 and develops mostly massive aggregates , but also translucent, flaky crystals of greenish yellow to light brown color and glassy to diamond gloss . Colorless idrialins are also known.
Etymology and history
Idrialin was first found in 1832 in the "Idria Mine" ( Idrija Mine ) in Idrija / Slovenia and described by Jean Baptiste Dumas .
The official name of the mineral refers to its type locality . The synonymous name mercury fire ore was given to it because of its property of being flammable and because it could be extracted from the mercury-containing fossils found near Idrija .
classification
In the old systematics of minerals according to Strunz (8th edition) , Idrialin still generally belonged to the department of "nitrogen-free hydrocarbons ". With the revision of Strunz's mineral system in the 9th edition , the mineral was moved to the as yet unnamed subdivision “10.BA” of the “Hydrocarbons” department.
The systematics of minerals according to Dana sorts the Idrialin into the division of " salts of organic acids and hydrocarbons ".
Crystal structure
Idrialin crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system, but the exact space group is not known. The lattice parameters are a = 8.07 Å ; b = 6.42 Å and c = 27.75 Å with four formula units per unit cell .
properties
It is soluble in concentrated hot sulfuric acid with a deep indigo blue color. When burned or distilled, there is a flaky, straw-yellow distillation product, with the impurities remaining as brown-red ash. Strong fluorescence is seen under UV light , with blue, orange, yellow or green-white fluorescence being generated regardless of the wavelength.
Education and Locations
There are only speculations about the exact formation conditions, which suggest that idrialin is produced by pyrolysis of organic material near hot springs or from hydrothermal solutions . Accompanying minerals include cinnabarite , pyrite , gypsum , quartz , metacinnabarite and realgar . Together with opal , Idrialin has so far only been found near Skaggs Springs in California (USA).
In addition to its type locality Idrija, Idrialin has so far been detected at 11 other sites worldwide (status: 2009): Near Gap (Hautes-Alpes) in France; Merník and Červenica in Slovakia; Olenjowo ( Olenevo ) / Transcarpathians in Ukraine; and in the Mayacmas Mountains in Lake County , Idria in San Benito County , San Francisco (in the county of the same name), Skaggs Springs in Sonoma County and Knoxville in Yolo County of the US state of California .
See also
Web links
- Mineral Atlas: Idrialin (Wiki)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g handbookofmineralogy.org - Mineral data sheet Idrialite (English, PDF 63.9 kB)
- ^ Ed .: Leopold Voss: Pharmaceutisches Centralblatt for 1835 . Sixth year, first volume No. 1 to No. 28, Leipzig 1835 .
- ^ A b J. S. Publishers & JG Gruber: General Encyklopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste (ed. LII). FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1838
- ^ Paul Ramdohr , Hugo Strunz : Klockmanns textbook of mineralogy. 16th edition, Ferdinand Enke Verlag, 1978, ISBN 3-432-82986-8 , p. 799.
- ↑ Webmineral - Idrialite (English).
- ↑ MinDat - Idrialite (English).