Uprising in Iraq (after US withdrawal)

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Uprising in Iraq

date	December 18, 2011 to date
place	Iraq
output	still ongoing

Parties to the conflict
Iraq Syria Kurdistan Autonomous Region Supported by: United States Iran	Islamic State Islamic Army in Iraq Ansar al-Islam Ba'ath Party Supported by Saudi Arabia	Asa'ib Ahl al-Haqq Mahdi Army Supported by Iran
Commander
Fuad Masum Haider al-Abadi Nuri al-Maliki Babakir Zebari	Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Izzat Ibrahim ad-Duri	Qais Khazali Muqtada al-Sadr

The uprising in Iraq has continued since the US troops withdrew in December 2011. Iraqi insurgent groups are fighting the central government and there is sectarian violence between the religious groups in Iraq. Since the withdrawal of the US military, the level of violence has risen, leading to fears of civil war.

Summary

Since the United States completed its withdrawal from Iraq in mid-December 2011, militant groups, primarily the al-Qaida arm Tanzīm Qāʿidat al-Jihād fī Bilād ar-Rāfidain (TQJBR) (in German-speaking countries mostly as al-Qaida in Iraq ), landed attacks against the country's Shiite majority population in an attempt to undermine trust in the Shiite-led government and its efforts to protect people without American support. In the further course, various jihadist groups joined the TQJBR, which in 2006 renamed itself ad-dawla al-islāmīya fī l-ʿirāq (Islamic State in Iraq, ISI) and ultimately with the name ad-daula al-islāmiyya ( Islamic State, IS ) brought large parts of Iraq under its control.

timeline

2011

Iraqi soldiers in Baghdad, December 26, 2011

• December 15 - A military graduation ceremony is held in Baghdad . It puts a formal end to the US mission in Iraq. This ended direct US combat participation in the war.
• December 18 - The last 500 soldiers left Iraq under cover of darkness and under strict secrecy in the early morning of December 18, 2011, ending the US military presence in Iraq after almost nine years.
• December 22 - At least 72 people were killed and more than 170 wounded in a series of attacks across the capital, Baghdad, while 9 more people died in various attacks in Baquba , Mosul and Kirkuk .

2012

January – March

• January 5 - A series of bombings took place in Baghdad and Nasiriya , killing 73 people and injuring 149. The bombardment in the southern Iraqi city was aimed at gatherings of Shiite Muslims, killing at least 44 and injuring at least 80 other people. It was the first major attack in Nasiriyah since a suicide attack against an Italian army base in November 2003 killed 28 people, including 19 Italians. The Islamic State claimed to be responsible.
• Jan. 14 - A suicide bomber detonated his explosives in the midst of a gathering of Shiite pilgrims in Basra , killing 53 people and injuring 141. This was the most deadly attack in the city since car bombs killed at least 74 people in April 2004 .
• January 27 - A suicide bomber attacked a funeral procession in the Zaafaraniyah district of Baghdad, killing 32 people and injuring more than 70 others.
• February 23 - A series of attacks in 15 Iraqi cities killed 83 people and injured more than 250. The Islamic State of Iraq claimed responsibility two days later.
• March 5 - A gang of gunmen, disguised in military-style uniforms and carrying fake arrest warrants, killed 27 police officers and then raised the al-Qaeda flag of war in a carefully planned attack in Anbar province .
• March 20 - A wave of attacks centered in Baghdad and Kerbala killed at least 52 people and injured more than 250. The Islamic State of Iraq claimed responsibility.

April June

• April 19 - More than 20 bombs exploded across Iraq, killing at least 36 people and wounding nearly 170. The Islamic State in Iraq claimed to be responsible.
• June 4 - A suicide bomber killed 26 people and wounded nearly 200 in the office of a Shiite foundation in Baghdad, igniting fears of sectarian conflict at a time of political crisis. The attack in the center of the capital was later followed by an explosion near a Sunni religious foundation, but did not result in any deaths.
• June 13 - At least 93 people were killed and more than 300 wounded in a highly coordinated series of attacks across Iraq. The Islamic State in Iraq declared itself responsible for this.

July September

• July 3 - Detonations in Diwaniyah , Kerbela , Taji and Tuz Churmatu killed 40 people and injured 122 others.
• July 22 - Car bombs killed 23 and wounded 74 people in Baghdad, Mahmoudiyah and Najaf .
• July 23 - Concerted attacks across Iraq killed 116 and wounded 299 people. The Islamic State in Iraq declared itself responsible for this.
• July 31 - Attacks across Iraq killed 24 and injured 61 people, most of them in double car bombs in Baghdad.
• September 9 - A wave of attacks across the country killed at least 108 and injured more than 370 other people.
• September 30 - A series of assassinations take place in at least 10 Iraqi cities, killing 37 people and injuring more than 90 others, most of them civilians.

October – December

• October 27 - A wave of attacks spread across Iraq during the Eid ul-Adha holiday killed at least 46 people and injured 123. Most of the incidents occurred in Baghdad, Taji, Mosul and Muqdadiya .
• October 28 - Car bombings over the last day of Eid ul-Adha killed 13 people and injured 33 others in Baghdad.
• November 6 - A car bomb outside an army base in Taji killed 31 people and injured at least 50 others, mostly soldiers. The charge exploded as troops left the base and potential recruits lined up for interviews.
• November 14 - Insurgents carried out a series of attacks on the eve of the Muslim New Year . 29 people were killed and at least 194 others injured. The incidents with the most deaths occurred in Kirkuk and Hilla , where at least seven bombings killed 19 people and wounded 129. Other attacks occurred in Baghdad , Mosul , Kut , Fallujah and Baqubah .
• November 27 - At least 29 people were killed and 126 wounded in eight car bombings across Iraq.
• December 17 - Bombings and armed robbery killed 48 people and injured over 100. The series of attacks was directed against security forces and members of the Schabak minority.

2013

January – July

• January 3 - At least 27 people were killed in a suicide bombing in Musayab . The assassin had intended to kill Shiite pilgrims.
• January 16 - 21 people died in a suicide attack by car bombs in Kirkuk . Two assassins detonated a bomb each at the same time. One detonated outside the office of the Kurdish Democratic Party , the other was located near Kurdish security forces.
• January 22 - At least 17 people were killed in a series of attacks in Baghdad and the surrounding area.
• January 23 - In the city of Tuz Churmatu , an assassin blew himself up during a funeral service in a Shiite mosque, killing at least 25 people.
• February 3 - A suicide bomber attacked a police station in Kirkuk , killing at least 30 people.
• February 4 - An attack on a government-backed Sunni militia occurred north of Baghdad . At least 22 people died.
• February 5 - In Taji , north of Baghdad , a suicide attack rocked an army checkpoint, killing three people.
• February 8 - In Shiite-dominated regions such as Hilla and a suburb of Baghdad , 30 people were killed in car bomb attacks.
• March 29 - Attacks on four Shiite mosques in Baghdad and Kirkuk killed at least 15 people.
• 21-22 July - On the night of July 22nd, Islamist insurgents attacked various detention centers in the country. 500 prisoners escaped from Abu Ghuraib prison . The terrorist group ISIS claimed responsibility for the prison release, in which between 25 and 120 government soldiers were killed.

2014

• January 2 - The Islamist organization Islamic State (IS) takes control of the cities of Ramadi and Fallujah .
• August 3 - The Islamic State committed in Sinjar a genocide of the Yazidis .
• October 20 - The Kurdistan Autonomous Region starts the battle for Sharaf ad-Din .
• December 20 - The Autonomous Region of Kurdistan expels IS from Sharaf ad-Din .

2015

• March 1 - Iraqi troops begin the battle for Tikrit .
• March 31 - Iraqi troops retake Tikrit .

2016

• May 22nd - Iraqi troops start the Battle of Fallujah .
• June 28 - Fallujah was successfully retaken.

• October 17th - The Iraqi armed forces start the fight for Mosul together with the Kurdish Peshmergan .
• November 17 - Human Rights Watch reports on a mass grave of more than 300 police officers southeast of Mosul in the city of Hammamein. Based on the state of decay, they assume that they were killed on November 7, 2016.
• November 18 - A car bomb explodes during a wedding in Amiriyat Al-Fallujah, killing 40 people and injuring 60 more.

2017

→ Main article : Battle for Mosul

• January 23 - Complete capture of East Mosul by the Iraqi army
• February 19 - the offensive on West Mosul begins

2018

• July 4 - The Iraqi armed forces and special police units, with the support of the Kurdish Peshmerga and the Shiite militia al-Hashd al-She'bī, begin a major offensive against the Islamic State (IS) terrorist militia between Dijala and Kirkuk after ISIS killed eight hostages at the end of June 2018 . The attacks are also supported by the air forces of the International Alliance against the Islamic State .

2019

• At the beginning of October, thousands of civilians gather in several cities to protest over poor living conditions. The water supply in several cities, such as Basra , is catastrophic, and the power supply in many parts of the country is characterized by failures. A high unemployment rate , corruption or mismanagement and a poor security situation characterize the poor economic situation in the country, which is also marked by the political deadlock. Protesters set up street barricades and set fire to tires in the capital, Baghdad . A curfew was then imposed there on October 3. In several cities in the country, people armed with firearms took action against the protests, which were sometimes violent. According to government data, more than 100 people died and more than 6,000 people were injured nationwide in the first few weeks of the protests. 540 demonstrators were temporarily detained by the police. Iraqi Prime Minister Adel Abdel Mahdi addressed the population in a televised address and promised more state support. The opposition Shiite leader Moktada al-Sadr called on the government to resign on October 4th. The Iraqi military announced internal investigations to identify any military officers responsible for the killings. The protests, which took on an organized character during the month and in which at least 250 demonstrators died or were sometimes deliberately killed, continued until the end of the month.
• In late December, hundreds of people stormed the United States Embassy in Baghdad . The embassy was secured after the transfer of 100 marines from Kuwait and an additional 750 soldiers. The United States accuses Iran of planning the attack on the embassy. Most of the attackers were Shiite militiamen. This is seen by the United States as an indication of involvement by Iran, where the Shia is the predominant interpretation of Islam . In response, the United States killed Iranian General Qasem Soleimani in Baghdad on January 3, 2020 with a targeted air strike ordered by US President Donald Trump .

2020

• A few days later, the Iraqi parliament passed a resolution according to which the Iraqi government must comply with Parliament's request to demand the withdrawal of all US forces from the country.

Fatalities

Overview

Body Count Iraq

The IBC Project, an independent British-American group, is compiling reported civilian Iraqi deaths from the invasion and occupation, including those caused directly by coalition military action, the Iraqi resistance and those caused by consequential crime. The IBC claims that the occupying power has a responsibility to prevent these deaths under international law . It shows a minimum number of civilian deaths fluctuating from 139,402 to 157,993 in the entire conflict (as of June 2015).

Iraqi death toll	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	total
2011												392	392
2012	531	356	377	392	304	529	469	422	400	290	253	299	4622
2013	357	360	403	545	888	659	1145	1013	1306	1180	870	1115	9841

The figures include civilians as well as members of the Iraqi armed forces and police. The IBC periodically reviews all of its reports and publishes weekly updates to its table of deaths. As a result, the past month numbers in the table above should be considered preliminary and in italics until confirmed by the IBC.

Iraqi government figures

The Iraqi government publishes its own figures, usually on the first day of each month. These are almost always significantly lower than other estimates and often contradict the news, resulting in what appears to be an "underreporting" of deaths. Most of the news media are still reporting on them, while JustPolicy.org does one based on the Lancet study rolling estimate whose rate of increase is derived from the Iraq Body Count.

Iraqi deaths	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	total
2011												155	155
2012	177	151	112	126	132	237	325	164	365	144			1.933 +

The numbers include civilians as well as members of the Iraqi Army and police units.

Month after month

An Iraqi soldier standing guard in Baghdad, December 26, 2011.

Several dozen were killed within the first few days after the US withdrawal on December 18, 2011. At least 337 victims were caused by the wave of violence in the period 20–26. December causes. About 200 died in January, with broadcaster Al-Arabiya claiming the deaths were at least 151 people. The Iraqi Body Count (IBC) claimed 451 casualties, including wounded, for January. In February, the number of fatalities in Iraq reached 278 according to the IBC. According to the IBC, in the period 1–8. March 74, and according to government figures in March 112 killed in Iraq. At least 126 Iraqis were killed in April, while in May 2012 132 Iraqis were killed by sectarian violence. June saw a significant increase in violence, with one major attack occurring every three days on average . At least 237 were killed during the month and another 603 were injured.

July 2012 was the month with the highest death toll in Iraq since August 2010, with 325 dead: 241 civilians, 40 police officers and 44 soldiers. In the same month 697 people were violently wounded; 480 civilians, 122 police officers and 95 soldiers. The rise in violence has been linked to Sunni insurgents trying to undermine the Shiite-led government. According to government figures, at least 164 Iraqis were killed in August 2012 - 90 civilians, 39 soldiers and 35 police officers, and 260 others injured. In September, most of the casualties were mourned, according to government reports at least 365 dead (182 civilians, 95 soldiers and 88 police officers) and 683 injured (453 civilians, 120 soldiers and 110 police officers). Government fatality statistics released for the month of October showed the total of 144 people killed (88 civilians, 31 police officers and 25 soldiers) and another 264 wounded, including 110 civilians, 92 police officers and 62 soldiers.

Other reports

The United Nations keeps its own statistics on deaths: according to its reports, 2021 Iraqis were killed in violent attacks by the end of June 2012, compared with 1832 in the first half of 2011.

Web links

• Inga Rogg: Maliki's long register of sins. Security situation in Iraq has deteriorated. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . July 11, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2013 . 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ONE STOP SHOP Iran Offers Iraq 'Everything it Needs' to Fight ISIS
2. ^ Kurdish Fighters Take a Key Oil City as Militants Advance on Baghdad
3. ^ Iraq Crisis: Saddam Hussein's Generals Fighting with Jihadist ISIS Insurgency
4. ^ Syria pounds ISIS bases in coordination with Iraq
5. ↑ Iraq crisis: Barack Obama sends in US troops as Isis insurgency worsens
6. ^ The Battle for Iraq Is a Saudi War on Iran
7. ↑ America's Allies Are Funding ISIS
8. ↑ America's Allies Are Funding ISIS
9. ^ 'Thank God for the Saudis': ISIS, Iraq, and the Lessons of Blowback
10. ↑ Iraq Implodes: What You Need to Know
11. ↑ Controlled by Iran, the deadly militia recruiting Iraq's men to die in Syria
12. ^ New alliances bring old enemies together as Isis advances in Iraq
13. ↑ ^{a b} As bombs hit Baghdad, Iraq says about 69, 263 people killed between 2004 and 2011 . Al Arabiya News. February 29, 2012. Archived from the original on July 4, 2013. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 22, 2012. 
14. ↑ ^{a b c d} Suicide bomber kills 32 at Baghdad funeral march , Fox News. January 27, 2012. Retrieved April 22, 2012. 
15. ↑ US flag ceremony ends Iraq operation , BBC. December 15, 2011. 
16. ↑ US Lowers flag to end Iraq war . In: The Associated Press , December 15, 2011. 
17. ^ Tim Mak: Leon Panetta marks the end of Iraq war . In: POLITICO.com , December 15, 2011. 
18. ^ Last US troops leave Iraq, ending war . In: USA Today , December 17, 2011. Retrieved December 18, 2011. 
19. ^ David Cutler: Timeline: Invasion, surge, withdrawal; US forces in Iraq . In: Reuters , December 18, 2011. 
20. ^ Last US troops withdraw from Iraq . In: BBC , December 18, 2011. Archived from the original on January 10, 2012 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .  
21. ^ Catherine Green: Final US Convoy Withdraws From Iraq . In: neontommy.com , December 18, 2011. Archived from the original on May 31, 2013 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .  
22. ↑ Richard Engel: 'The war is over': Last US soldiers leave Iraq . In: NBC News , December 18, 2011. Archived from the original on December 18, 2011 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .  
23. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Ben Piven: Iraq violence continues after US withdrawal . Al Jazeera. March 8, 2012. Retrieved April 22, 2012.
24. ^ ^{A b c} Fourteen people killed and 39 injured in bombings across Iraq . Al Arabiya. April 28, 2012. Archived from the original on April 28, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 28, 2012. 
25. ↑ ^{a b} Iraqi leaders call for calm after bombing kills 25 people . English.alarabiya.net. June 5, 2012. Archived from the original on June 21, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 26, 2012. 
26. ↑ Iraq: wave of bomb attacks 'kill 84' . In: BBC News , June 13, 2012. 
27. ^ The Guardian: Iraq bombings kill dozens . The Guardian. July 3, 2012. Retrieved July 3, 2012.
28. ^ Car bombs kill 20 and wound 80 across Iraq . English.alarabiya.net. July 22, 2012. Archived from the original on July 26, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 26, 2012. 
29. ↑ Late night attacks take Iraq death toll to 116: police, medics . In: Reuters , July 24, 2012. 
30. ↑ Bombs kill 21, underlining Iraq chaos . July 31, 2012. 
31. ↑ Suadad al-Salhy and Raheem Salman: Explosions kill 58 in Iraq, French consulate hit . Reuters . September 9, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2012.
32. ^ Insurgents Carry Out Wave of Attacks Across Iraq . In: The Associated Press . The New York Times. September 9, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2012.
33. ^ Many dead in attacks on Iraqi security forces . BBC News Middle East. September 9, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2012.
34. ↑ Mohammed Tawfeeq: Attacks targeting Iraqi police, army leave dozens dead . CNN News. September 9, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2012.
35. ^ Iraq VP Tariq al-Hashemi sentenced to death . BBC News Middle East. September 9, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2012.
36. ^ Many killed in string of Iraq attacks . Al Jazeera. September 30, 2012. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
37. ↑ Deadly attacks hit Iraq amid Eid festival . CNN. October 27, 2012. Retrieved October 29, 2012.
38. ↑ Iraq suffers violence on the third day of Eid festival . CNN. October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 29, 2012.
39. ^ Dozens killed in Iraq car bombing . Al Jazeera. November 6, 2012. Retrieved November 6, 2012.
40. ↑ Suicide bomber kills 31 at army base near Baghdad . Trust.org. November 6, 2012. Archived from the original on April 16, 2013. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved November 6, 2012. 
41. ↑ Islamic New Year's Eve Carnage: 29 Killed, 194 Wounded in Iraq . Antiwar.com. November 15, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
42. ↑ 29 killed, 126 wounded in Iraq car bombings . CNN. November 27, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
43. ↑ Dozens of dead in a series of attacks in Iraq . Süddeutsche Zeitung . December 17, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2013.
44. ^ Attack on Shiite pilgrims . German wave . January 3, 2013. Retrieved August 11, 2013.
45. ↑ Suicide bombings: 21 people die in attacks in Iraq . BZ . January 16, 2013. Retrieved August 11, 2013.
46. ↑ Another series of attacks in Iraq . German wave . January 22, 2013. Retrieved August 11, 2013.
47. ↑ Iraq: Many dead in attack in Shiite mosque. In: Spiegel Online . January 23, 2013, accessed June 9, 2018 . 
48. ↑ At least 30 dead in an attack on the police. In: sueddeutsche.de . February 3, 2013, accessed October 13, 2018 . 
49. ↑ At least 22 dead in bomb attack north of Baghdad. In: derStandard.at. February 4, 2013, accessed December 5, 2017 . 
50. ↑ At least three dead in a suicide attack in Iraq. In: derStandard.at. February 5, 2013, accessed December 5, 2017 . 
51. ↑ Almost 30 dead in a series of attacks in Iraq. In: orf.at , February 8, 2013, accessed on November 21, 2017.
52. ↑ Dead and injured in attack on Shiites. In: sueddeutsche.de . March 29, 2013, accessed October 13, 2018 . 
53. ↑ Hundreds of prisoners freed by Islamist insurgents
54. ↑ AFP: Islamist rebels on the rise. In: FAZ.net . January 2, 2014, accessed October 13, 2018 . 
55. ↑ HRW: 300 police officers killed by IS in mass graves in Iraq - Ticker-Nachrichten - Pforzheimer Zeitung . ( online [accessed November 18, 2016]). HRW: 300 police officers killed by IS in mass graves in Iraq - Ticker-Nachrichten - Pforzheimer Zeitung ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
56. ↑ Iraq: Bomb blast kills dozens in Amiriyat al-Fallujah. In: www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved November 18, 2016 . 
57. ↑ Iraqi army completely occupies the east of Mosul . Rheinische Post , January 23, 2017.
58. ↑ Iraqi army begins offensive in West Mosul . Zeit Online, February 19, 2017.
59. ↑ Iraqi Army: Vengeance campaign after the murder of IS hostages. In: Salzburger Nachrichten . July 3, 2018, accessed July 3, 2018 . 
60. ↑ Analysis by Ben Wedeman CNN: A new wave of Arab protesters say, 'It's the economy, stupid!' Retrieved October 6, 2019 . 
61. ↑ ^{a b} tagesschau.de: Iraqi Prime Minister sees demonstrators in the right. Retrieved October 6, 2019 . 
62. ↑ Raniah Salloum: violence at mass demonstrations in Iraq: head shots against the angry . In: Spiegel Online . October 9, 2019 ( spiegel.de [accessed October 9, 2019]).
63. ↑ ^{a b c} tagesschau.de: Protests in Iraq: the number of dead has risen to at least 90. Retrieved October 6, 2019 . 
64. ↑ Death toll in Iraq unrest passes 100, government issues new promises Reuters, October 6, 2019.
65. ↑ Raniah Salloum: violence at mass demonstrations in Iraq: head shots against the angry . In: Spiegel Online . October 9, 2019 ( spiegel.de [accessed October 9, 2019]).
66. ↑ Philipp Breu: Anti-Government Protests in Iraq: "We are finally united in our hatred" . In: Spiegel Online . October 31, 2019 ( spiegel.de [accessed November 1, 2019]).
67. ↑ Escalation in Iraq: USA sends reinforcements to Baghdad . In: Spiegel Online . January 1, 2020 ( spiegel.de [accessed January 1, 2020]).
68. ↑ Dominik Peters: Attacks on the US embassy in Baghdad: New Year's greetings from Tehran . In: Spiegel Online . January 1, 2020 ( spiegel.de [accessed January 1, 2020]).
69. ↑ Leader of the Quds Brigades: US military kills Iranian top general . In: Spiegel Online . January 3, 2020 ( spiegel.de [accessed January 3, 2020]).
70. ^ Iraq Body Count database . Iraqbodycount.org. July 24, 2012. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
71. ↑ `` (IBC Recent Events) '' . Iraqbodycount.org. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
72. ^ Iraq Deaths . Just Foreign Policy. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
73. ^ Mortality in Iraq . The Lancet. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
74. ^ At least six people killed in the late of Iraq bombings . In: Associated France Press (AFP) . Al Arabiya. May 14, 2012. Archived from the original on May 15, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 16, 2012. 
75. ^ Dozens killed in Iraq car bomb attack . Al Jazeera. August 1, 2012. Retrieved July 3, 2012.
76. ↑ Iraq sees deadliest month in two years . In: BBC News , August 1, 2012. 
77. ↑ Iraq's monthly death toll halves in August . In: Trust.org , September 1, 2012. Archived from the original on September 3, 2012 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .  
78. ↑ Iraq's monthly death toll doubles, bloodiest for two years . In: Trust.org , October 4, 2012. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .  
79. ↑ Iraq violence drops off sharply in October . In: The Daily Star Lebanon , November 8, 2012. 
80. ↑ 50 Killed in Iraq by Truck Bombs, Explosives and Gunfire , New York Times. 3rd July 2012.