Isosorbide dinitrate

Structural formula
General
Non-proprietary name	Isosorbide dinitrate
other names	3,6-bisnitrooxyhexahydrofuro [3,2- b ] -furan ( IUPAC )
Molecular formula	C 6 H 8 N 2 O 8
External identifiers / databases
EC number	201-740-9
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.583
PubChem	6883
ChemSpider	6619
DrugBank	DB00883
Wikidata	Q179748
Drug information
ATC code	C01 DA08 ; C01 DA58 ;
Drug class	Vasodilator
properties
Molar mass	236.14 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	70 ° C
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 302
	P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	747 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) is a drug used to treat angina pectoris or coronary sclerosis . It improves the oxygen supply to the myocardium and at the same time lowers the oxygen consumption in the myocardium by reducing the so-called preload . Isosorbide mononitrate has a similar effect .

Isosorbide dinitrate was synthesized from glucitol by Goldberg in 1938 . It is sold as a generic.

preparations

Isosorbide dinitrate can be presented in different ways. Tablets, sprays and prolonged release tablets are available. The sublingual tablet works within a minute. The effect lasts for around an hour. If the spray is applied to the oral mucosa, it works just as quickly, but the effect only lasts for half an hour. An effect of up to 12 hours can be achieved with prolonged-release tablets. The effect only takes place in up to 30 minutes.

unwanted effects

In addition to a flush , nitrates can generally trigger a headache caused by vasodilation. Drowsiness can also occur. Since the nitrates can greatly reduce blood pressure, they should be dosed very carefully at systolic pressures below 100 mmHg. With longer medication a loss of effectiveness occurs. However, this loss of effectiveness can be reversed by taking a nitrate break of at least twelve hours.

Trade names

Monopreparations

Diconpin (D), Isoket (D, A, CH), Isomack (A), Iso-Puren (D), Jenacard (D), Nitrosorbon (D), Sorbidilat (CH), Carvasin (I), numerous generics (D )

Combination preparations

Viskenite (A)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Entry on isosorbide dinitrate. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 10, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b Isosorbide dinitrate data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 6, 2011 ( PDF ).

^ ^A ^b Björn Lemmer , Kay Brune: Pharmakotherapie - Klinische Pharmakologie , 11th edition, Heidelberg, 2007, p. 262f.

↑ Red List online, as of September 2009.

↑ AM comp. d. Switzerland, as of September 2009.

↑ AGES-PharmMed, as of September 2009.

[RÖMPP_Online-1] Entry on isosorbide dinitrate. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 10, 2014.

[Sigma-2] Isosorbide dinitrate data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 6, 2011 ( PDF ).

[lemmer-3] A ^b Björn Lemmer , Kay Brune: Pharmakotherapie - Klinische Pharmakologie , 11th edition, Heidelberg, 2007, p. 262f.

[4] Red List online, as of September 2009.

[5] AM comp. d. Switzerland, as of September 2009.

[6] AGES-PharmMed, as of September 2009.