Ivan Terentjewitsch Kleimjonow

Ivan Terentjewitsch Kleimjonow

Ivan Terentievich Kleimjonow ( Russian Иван Терентьевич Клеймёнов ; born March 30 ^{. Jul} / 11. April  1899 ^greg. In Staraya Surawa, Ujesd Tambov ; † 10. January 1938 in Moscow ) was a Russian military engineer .

Life

Kleimjonow, son of a farm laborer, attended the three-class parish school in Degtyanka ( Sosnovka district ). In 1913 he entered the fourth grade of the boys' grammar school in Morschansk , which was difficult for a farm boy. In 1918 after the October Revolution he graduated from high school with honors in all subjects except literature and German .

Kleimjonow joined the Red Army in 1918 as the Russian Civil War began. He completed an artillery course in Moscow and went to the Western Front with the entire course . In 1919 he entered the CPSU and was sent to agitation courses of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee . After a crash course at the Military Economics Academy of the Red Army, he was placed under the Army Supply Commissioner of the Southwest Front in 1920, with whom he served until the end of the civil war. In 1921 he began studying at Moscow University (MGU) in the mathematics department of the physical- mathematical faculty . In 1923, by order of the Moscow Party Committee, he was appointed to the Military Academy for Air Force Engineers “Prof. NJ Schukowski ” , where he graduated from the engineering faculty in 1928. After completing his studies, Kleimjonow became a workshop manager at the Air Force Research Institute . In 1929 he was transferred to the Soviet trade agency in Berlin (from 1930 deputy head of the engineering department).

Since 1931, Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky organized a missile weapons program . In December 1932, Kleimjonow was on a proposal Nikolai Alexeyevich Jefimows chief of Nikolai Ivanovich Tikhomirov founded Leningrad Laboratory of Gas Dynamics (GDL), in which he, together with Vladimir Artemyev and Georgy Langemak solid rocket with the smokeless trotyl-Pyroxyline powder (using Cellulose nitrate and trinitrotoluene ). In 1933 the GDL was replaced by the Research Institute for Rocket Engines in Moscow, whose director was Kleimjonow. The research there into the development of solid rockets led to the Katjuscha rocket launcher , the first samples of which were produced in 1938. In 1937, Kleimjonow and Langemak were proposed for a government award for developing a new type of weapon.

On November 2, 1937, Kleimjonow and Langemak were arrested and charged under Article 58 of the RSFSR's Criminal Code . Kleimjonow was shot dead on January 10, 1938. His ashes were buried in the first unclaimed ashes grave next to the crematorium in the Donskoy cemetery . In 1955, the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR overturned the verdict for lack of evidence and completely rehabilitated Kleimyonov.

Kleimjonow was married to Margarita Konstantinovna Levizka (1900-2000) since 1918. She was the daughter of the revolutionary Konstantin Osipovich Levitsky (1868-1919) and the publisher worker Eugenia Grigoryevna born Frenkel (1880-1961), as one of the first Mikhail Sholokhov's Quiet Don read and as a department manager for its publication in the publishing Moskovsky Rabochy had contributed . She exchanged letters with Sholokhov and headed the library of the Moscow Committee of the CPSU until her husband's arrest in 1937. She was the sister of the doctor Sachari Grigoryevich Frenkel (1869-1970) and niece of the biochemist and revolutionary Alexei Nikolaevich Bach .

In 1991 IT Kleimjonow was posthumously honored as a hero of socialist work with the award of the Order of Lenin by the ukase of the President of the USSR , as was NI Tichomirow, GE Langemak, WN Luschin, BS Petropavlowski and BM Slonimer.

The moon crater Kleymenov was named after Kleimjonow .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Landeshelden: Клеймёнов, Иван Терентьевич (accessed on July 1, 2018).
2. ↑ ^{a b} Chronos: Клейменов Иван Терентьевич (accessed July 1, 2018).
3. ↑ Клейменов Иван Терентьевич (accessed July 2, 2018).
4. ↑ Boris Evsejewitsch Tschertok : Rockets and People, volume 1, NASA History series . 2005, p. 164 .
5. ↑ Asif A. Siddiqi: Spoutnik and the soviet space challenge . University Press of Florida, 2003, ISBN 978-0-8130-2627-5 .
6. ↑ Boris Evsejewitsch Tschertok: Ракеты и люди . 2nd Edition. Машиностроение, Moscow 1999 ( [1] accessed July 1, 2018).
7. ↑ АКИМОВ В.Н., КОРОТЕЕВ А.С., ГАФАРОВ А.А. и другие: Первое десятилетие. РНИИ-НИИ-3-ГИРТ . In: Исследовательский центр имени М. В. Келдыша. 1933-2003: 70 лет на передовых рубежах ракетно-космической техники . 2003, p. 11-37 .
8. ↑ ^{a b} Ярослав ГОЛОВАНОВ: ЛЖЕОТЕЦ «КАТЮШИ» (accessed on July 2, 2018).
9. ↑ Письма М. А. Шолохова Е. Г. Левицкой (accessed July 1, 2018).
10. ↑ Маргарита Константиновна ЛЕВИЦКАЯ (accessed July 1, 2018).
11. ↑ УКАЗ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА СОЮЗА СОВЕТСКИХ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСПУБЛИК О ПРИСВОЕНИИ ЗВАНИЯ ГЕРОЯ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКОГО ТРУДА СОЗДАТЕЛЯМ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОГО РЕАКТИВНОГО ОРУЖИЯ (accessed on 30 June 2018).