Jacob Dahl

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Jákup Dahl

Jakob Dahl (born June 5, 1878 in Vágur , Faroe Islands , † June 5, 1944 in Tórshavn ; in today's Faroese Jákup Dahl ) was a Faroese provost and Bible translator . Together with his friend and colleague Andrias Evensen , he was one of the pioneers of the Faroese language in schools and churches.

Young nationalist

Jákup was born in Vágur on Suðuroy in 1878 as the son of the businessman Peter Hans Dahl and his wife Elisabeth Súsanna, nee. Vilhelm, born.

From an early age, Jákup Dahl was captivated by the new nationalist currents. He was a classmate of Janus Djurhuus at the secondary school in Tórshavn . The latter described Dahl's performance of the nationalistic battle hymn Nú er tann stundin komin til handa by Jóannes Patursson as his linguistic baptism . As a politician in Patursson's Sjálvstýrisflokkurin (separatists) party, Jacob Dahl made a name for himself during the Faroese language dispute when he refused to teach in Danish as a secondary school teacher in Tórshavn in 1909 . At that time, this matter went as far as the Copenhagen Ministry of Education. One of his students at the time was William Heinesen , who tells of another time when Dahl forced students to use Danish. In 1912 he left the school service.

theologian

The three Faroese Bible translators: Jákup Dahl , Kristian Osvald Viderø and Victor Danielsen . Faroese postage stamps from 2007.

In the same year Dahl became pastor of the parish of Südstreymoy . In 1918 he was appointed provost of the Faroe Islands and held this office until his death in 1944.

Like so many other pastors, u. a. his student friend and predecessor in the provost office, Andrias Christian Evensen (1874–1917), wanted Dahl to have the church language translated into Faroese. He had translated the rituals in 1918-1919, but due to political disputes over them, they were not printed until 1929 and were authorized in 1930.

Dahl had already translated the Book of Psalms from the Old Testament in 1921 . He then began to translate the New Testament from the Greek , and the individual parts appeared in small booklets from around 1923 to 1936. In 1937 a collected version of the New Testament appeared - almost at the same time as the edition by Victor Danielsen , who worked independently .

He then translated the Old Testament, but was unable to complete it until his death in 1944. Kristian Osvald Viderø took over this task , so that the Danish national church (which always authorized all translations by Dahl immediately) was finally able to submit a translation of the Bible into Faroese in 1961 . There was a complete translation of the Bible by Victor Danielsen as early as 1949, but he relied on modern European editions and not, like Dahl, on the original texts.

In addition to the translation of the Bible, Dahl also provided a translation of the catechism (1922), the Bible story by Carl Frederik Balslev (1924) and the compilation of a Faroese collection of sermons for lay worship services in remote villages. Last but not least, Jákup Dahl translated dozens of hymns (e.g. by Martin Luther ) into his mother tongue.

linguist

As early as 1908 Dahl made his debut as a linguist and wrote a Faroese grammar for pupils Føroysk mállæra til skúlabrúks , which has been used up to our time. The British soldier Paul W. Harvey translated it into English during the occupation of the Faroe Islands in World War II , with the assistance of Jákup av Skarði . The book could not be published, and so WB Lockwood was asked to complete the first Faroese grammar in English, An Introduction to Modern Faroese , which was completely redesigned and focused only on the modern language, while Dahl also dealt with older language levels tried.

In addition to his ecclesiastical and linguistic works, Jákup Dahl also left a lot of secular poems and prose.

Jákup Dahl's sons include the Faroese historian and archaeologist Sverri Dahl (1910–1987) and the important Faroese poet and composer Regin Dahl (1918–2007).

See also: Faroese People's Church

Catalog of works

  • 1908 : Føroysk mállæra til skúlabrúks. Tórshavn. ("Faroese language teaching for school use")
  • 1913 : Jólasálmar og morgun- og kvøldsálmar (compiled by Jákup Dahl and Símun av Skarði ). Tórshavn: Fram - 30 S. ( Christmas carols and morning and evening songs )
  • 1928 : Glottar. Tórshavn: HN Jacobsens Bókahandil - 96 pp.
  • 1935 : Ávegis. Tórshavn: HN Jacobsens Bókahandil- 156 p.
  • 1948 : Sólin og sóljan : self-published by Regin Dahl . - 79 pp.
  • 1948: Meðan hildið verður Heilagt. A lestrarbók . Tórshavn: Føroyskt kirkjumál - 485 p. (Devotional book, collection of sermons)
  • 1970 : Í jólahalguni. Sólarris . - Tórshavn: Heimamissiónsforlagið - 149 pp.
  • Biblia: Halgabók . Gamla testamenti og Nýggja . (Translated from the original by Dahl and Viderø). 1st revised edition, 1st edition. Copenhagen: Det Danske Bibelselskab, 2000–1211 pp.

literature

  • Jákup Reinert Hansen : Mellem kor og skib. Jacob Dahls færøske postiller . Århus: Theological Faculty of Århus University , 2003. - 422 p. (in Danish with a short German summary. Dissertation with the support of Queen Margrethe II's Fund.)
    • Jákup Reinert Hansen: Mellem kor og skib. Tórshavn: Føroya Fróðskaparfelag, 2004. - 477 s. ISBN 99918-41-39-3

Web links

credentials

  1. ↑ Pauli Hansen Faroese children's songs ( memento from June 19, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (an essay in which there is a long, cheerful quote from William Heinesen about his singing teacher Jacob Dahl)
  2. ^ WB Lockwood: An Introduction to Modern Faroese 3rd edition 1977 (preface, p. 1)
personal data
SURNAME Dahl, Jacob
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dahl, Jákup (Faroese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Faroese provost and Bible translator
DATE OF BIRTH June 5, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Vágur , Faroe Islands
DATE OF DEATH June 5, 1944
Place of death Tórshavn , Faroe Islands