White felted ragwort
| White felted ragwort | ||||||||||||
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White felted ragwort ( Jacobaea maritima ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Jacobaea maritima | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Pelser & Meijden |
The white felted ragwort ( Jacobaea maritima ), also called silver ragwort , silver-colored ragwort , bicoloured ragwort , silver leaf or ash plant, is a species of the genus of the ragwort ( Senecio ) within the daisy family (Asteraceae). This Mediterranean plant species is used as an ornamental plant in parks, gardens and on graves and serves as a so-called "structure plant" in beds .
Description and ecology
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Vegetative characteristics
The richly branched subshrub reaches heights of 25 to 60 centimeters. The leaves form non-flowering, basal rosettes or are distributed on the flowering stem . The leaves are lobed or pinnate with pinnate to lobed or almost whole lobes, are 4 to 15 centimeters long and 2.5 to 7 centimeters wide. The upper side of the leaf is spider-weby tomentose and balding and the underside of the leaf is densely hairy white tomentose.
Generative characteristics
There are many flower heads in a gold-like inflorescence . These have a diameter of 12 to 15 millimeters and contain ray and tubular flowers. The bracts are also white felt, with the inner about 7 millimeters and the outer up to 3 millimeters long. Outside there is a wreath with 10 to 13 light yellow, zygomorphic and female ray- flowers (= ray-flowers), they are 10 to 13 millimeters long. Inside are the orange and hermaphrodite tubular flowers (= disc flowers). The pollination is done by insects. Ribbed achenes with longer and whitish pappus are formed.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40.
The plant is poisonous.
Occurrence
Their distribution area includes the Mediterranean area . In other countries, in the Canary Islands , Azores , Balearic Islands, Great Britain, Ireland, Portugal, Algeria , Morocco, the Netherlands, Germany, Bulgaria , Ukraine and New Zealand it is a neophyte. As a typical Mediterranean coastal plant, it colonizes coastal rocks and stabilized coastal dunes .
Systematics
The first publication was under the name ( Basionym ) Othonna maritima by Carl von Linné . The new combination to Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden was published in 2005 by Pieter B. Pelser and Ruud van der Meijden in Heukels' Flora van Nederland , 23rd edition, p. 677. Further synonyms for (L.) Pelser & Meijden are: Cineraria maritima (L.) L. , Senecio cineraria DC. , Senecio maritimus (L.) Rchb. non Lf , Senecio gibbosus subsp. cineraria (DC.) Peruzzi & al. , Senecio bicolor subsp. cineraria (DC.) Chater .
There are several subspecies of the species Jacobaea maritima , depending on the author:
- Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden subsp. maritima : It is native to Spain, France, Tunisia , Italy, Corsica , Sardinia, Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina
- Jacobaea maritima subsp. bicolor (Willd.) B. Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Cineraria bicolor Willd. , Senecio bicolor (Willd.) Tod. Non Viv. , Senecio willdenowii Peruzzi & NGPassal. , Senecio cineraria subsp. Bicolor (Willd.) Arcang. , Senecio gibbosus subsp. Bicolor (Willd. ) Peruzzi & al. ): In this subspecies the terminal leaflet is as wide as it is long and blunt. The distribution area includes the central and eastern Mediterranean area with France, Italy, Sicily , Tunisia, Greece, the Aegean and Turkey.
- Jacobaea maritima subsp. sicula N.G. Passal. & al. : It occurs only in Sicily and Malta .
Some authors have the species group Jacobaea maritima aggr. with the types:
- Jacobaea candida (C. Presl) B. Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio bicolor subsp. Nebrodensis (Guss.) Chater ). In this species the leaves are broader, of a lyre-shaped pinnate shape and with a serrated leaf margin. She is endemic to Sicily.
- Jacobaea gibbosa (cast.) B.Nord. & Greuter : It only occurs in Italy and Sicily.
- Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden .
literature
- Ingrid Schönfelder, Peter Schönfelder : Kosmos-Atlas Mediterranean and Canary Islands flora. Over 1600 species of plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-440-06223-6 , pp. 226 .
- Peter Schönfelder, Ingrid Schönfelder: What is in bloom in the Mediterranean? 750 species (= Kosmos nature guide ). 4th edition. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-10211-4 .
- Marilena Idžojtić: Dendrology. Acedemic Press, 2019, ISBN 978-0-128-19644-1 , p. 640.
Web links
- Thomas Meyer: Greiskraut data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ) .
- Senecio cineraria at Plants For A Future (engl.)
- Datasheet of Senecio bicolor / Senecio cineraria distributed in France at Tela Botanica .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Senecio cineraria at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Jacobaea maritima at vetpharm.uzh.ch
- ↑ Ingrid Schönfelder, Peter Schönfelder: The cosmos of medicinal plants guide. Kosmos, 2019, ISBN 978-3-440-16504-1 , p. 180.
- ^ A b Jacobaea maritima in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
- ^ Jacobaea maritima at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed May 30, 2016.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: W. Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Jacobaea maritima In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.