Ragweeds

This article deals with a genus of plants. For Roman politicians also called Senecio, see Sosius .

Ragweeds
Spring ragwort ( Senecio leucanthemifolius subsp. Vernalis )
Systematics
Euasterids II Order : Astern-like (Asterales) Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae) Subfamily : Asteroideae Tribe : Senecioneae Genre : Ragweeds
Scientific name
Senecio
L.

Greiskräuter ( Senecio ), also known as ragwort (like " ragwort " originated from Middle High German grîskrût , from grîs , "old man"), are a genus of plants within the sunflower family (Asteraceae). The well over a thousand species, depending on the author, are distributed almost worldwide.

description

Illustration: Sticky ragwort ( Senecio viscosus , left) and forest ragwort ( Senecio sylvaticus , right)

Vegetative characteristics

Ragwort species are usually one or two year or perennial herbaceous plants , some species are succulent woody plants, some species and grow as an evergreen half bushes , shrubs or vines . Depending on the species, they reach heights of growth from 5 to 100, up to over 250 centimeters. Some species form rhizomes .

The alternate leaves are stalked or sessile. The leaf blade can be shaped very differently, from thread-like to lanceolate to ovoid and from lobed to pinnate. The leaf margin can be smooth, serrated or serrated.

Generative characteristics

Usually, many cups are grouped together in doldy racemose or paniculate inflorescences . There is an involucre with a different number of bracts depending on the species . The baskets containing the edge 5, 8, 13 or 21 (rarely 34) zygomorphe , dreizipfelige ray florets and the inside (5 bis) 13 to 80 radiärsymmetrische florets . The petals are fused to form a tube.

The mostly five-ribbed or winged achenes have a pappus .

Systematics and distribution

The genus Senecio was established by Carl von Linné . The botanical genus name Senecio is derived from the Latin word senex for "old man", presumably because the fruiting plants are reminiscent of old people's hair due to the whitish hair crowns of the fruit; Another possibility would be because of the hemispherical and bare wicker floors, reminiscent of bald heads.

Synonyms for Senecio L. are depending on the author: Aetheolaena Cass. , Cadiscus E. Mey. ex DC. , Culcitium Humb. & Bonpl. , Hasteola Raf. , Iocenes B.Nord. , Lasiocephalus Willd. ex Schltdl. , Rhetinodendron Meisn. , Robinsonia DC. , Symphyochaeta (DC.) Skottsb. , Synosma Raf. ex Britton & A.Br. , Vendredia Baill.

A total of about 1250 species are described in the genus Senecio , making Senecio one of the most species-rich genera among the flowering plants. Some authors split off the genus Jacobaea Mill. With around 45 species from it. The genus Senecio belongs to the tribe Senecioneae in the subfamily Asteroideae within the family Asteraceae .

The distribution of the genus Senecio is almost worldwide. In Central Europe alone , at least 30 species are native, for example common ragwort ( Senecio vulgaris ) and sticky ragwort ( Senecio viscosus ) as common “ weed ” plants.

Grove ragwort ( Senecio nemorensis )

Senecio cacaliaster

Habit, foliage leaves and inflorescence of Fuchs's ragwort ( Senecio ovatus )

Senecio nemorensis group

The Senecio nemorensis group ( Syngameon ) is widespread in Eurasia , its range extends from northern Spain to China, Taiwan and Japan. According to Herborg 1987, it contains nine species, most of which hybridize with one another when they occur together and form transitional forms. In Germany the species Senecio cacaliaster , Senecio hercynicus ( resin ragwort ), Senecio germanicus and Senecio ovatus ( fox's ragwort ) occur. The subspecies Senecio hercynicus subspec. ucranicus occurs in the eastern Carpathians and Senecio hercynicus subspec. dacicus has so far only been found in Romania. Senecio ovatus subsp. stabianus and Senecio bayonnensis occur isolated in south-western Europe (no hybridization processes). Senecio nemorensis is a very variable clan whose main distribution area is in Siberia. This includes:

• Senecio bayonnensis Boiss. : It occurs in Portugal , Spain and France .
• Senecio cacaliaster Lam. : It occurs in France, Italy , Slovenia , Austria , Croatia and Montenegro .
• Senecio germanicus Wallr. : It is also called the subspecies Senecio nemorensis subsp. jacquinianus (Rchb.) Čelak. to Senecio nemorensis . It occurs in Germany, Austria, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia , Ukraine , European Russia, Romania, Greece, Slovenia , Croatia and Italy.
• Resin ragwort ( Senecio hercynicus Herborg ): There are about five subspecies:
  • Senecio hercynicus Herborg subsp. hercynicus : It is widespread in Central Europe and parts of Southeast Europe.
  • Senecio hercynicus subsp. dacicus (Hodálová & Marhold) Greuter ( Senecio dacicus Hodálová & Marhold ): This endemic occurs only in Romania .
  • Senecio hercynicus subsp. dalmaticus (Griseb.) Greuter (Syn .: Senecio nemorensis subsp. dalmaticus (Griseb.) Nyman , Senecio nemorensis var. dalmaticus Griseb. , Senecio jacquiniqnus var. expansus Boiss. & Heldr. ): It is widespread in Southeastern Europe to Greece.
  • Senecio hercynicus subsp. durmitorensis Herborg : This endemic occurs only in Montenegro .
  • Senecio hercynicus subsp. ucranicus (Hodálová) Greuter (Syn .: Senecio ucranicus Hodálová ): It occurs in Poland , Ukraine, Slovakia and Romania.
• Grove ragwort ( Senecio nemorensis L. , Syn .: Senecio octoglossus DC. ): There are subspecies (selection):
  • Senecio nemorensis subsp. apuanus (exchange) Greuter (syn .: Senecio apuanus exchange ): This endemic occurs in Italy only in the Apulia region.
  • Senecio nemorensis subsp. bulgaricus (. Velen) Greuter (Syn: Senecio bulgaricus Velen. , Senecio fuchsii subsp. bulgaricus (Velen) Nyman. , Senecio fuchsii var. karaulensis Formánek ): It is distributed from Southeastern Europe to the Asian part of Turkey.
  • Senecio nemorensis subsp. glabratus (Herborg) Oberpr. (Syn .: Senecio germanicus subsp. Glabratus Herborg , Senecio germanicoglabratus Landolt nom. Illeg., Senecio herborgii Soldano & al. Nom. Illeg. Non C.Jeffrey , Senecio oberprieleri G.H.Loos , Senecio germanicus subsp. Glabratus Herborg non Senecio glabratus Hook. & Arn. ,)
  • Senecio nemorensis subsp. jacquinianus (Rchb.) Čelak.
  • Senecio nemorensis L. subsp. nemorensis : It is common in Russia.
• Fuchs's ragwort ( Senecio ovatus (G.Gaertn. & Al.) Hoppe , syn .: Jacobaea ovata G.Gaertn. & Al., Senecio fuchsii C.C.Gmel. , Senecio nemorensis subsp. Fuchsii (CCGmel.) Ces. ): There are about three subspecies:
  • Senecio ovatus (G.Gaertn. & Al.) Hoppe subsp. ovatus
  • Senecio ovatus subsp. alpestris (Gaudin) Herborg (Syn .: Senecio alpestris Gaudin )
  • Senecio ovatus subsp. stabianus (Lacaita) Greuter ( Senecio stabianus Lacaita ): This endemic occurs only in Italy.

Senecio barbertonicus , a succulent species from southeastern Africa

Giant ragwort ( Senecio grandifolius )

Senecio greyii

Narrow-leaved ragwort ( Senecio inaequidens )

Senecio kleiniiformis

Senecio leucanthemifolius in Lanzarote

Senecio pyrenaicus

Senecio tamoides

Senecio thapsoides subsp. visianius

Sticky ragwort ( Senecio viscosus )

Common groundwort ( Senecio vulgaris )

Other types (selection)

• Senecio aegyptius L .: It occurs in Cyprus , Egypt , Libya and Sudan .
• Senecio andryaloides DC.
• Senecio angulatus L. f. : It is originally found in South Africa and is a neophyte in Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, Australia, New Zealand and the Canary Islands.
• Senecio arborescens Steetz : It only occurs in Panama .
• Senecio articulatus (L. f.) Sch.Bip. : The home is South Africa .
• Senecio belbeysius Delile : It occurs in Egypt.
• Senecio bertramii Post : It only occurs in Lebanon .
• Senecio blanchei Soldano : It only occurs in Lebanon.
• Senecio bollei Sunding & G.Kunkel : This endemic occurs only on Fuerteventura .
• Senecio breviflorus (Kadereit) Greuter
• Senecio carpetanus Boiss. & Reut. : It occurs in Spain.
• Senecio castagneanus DC. : It occurs in European and Asian Turkey .
• Senecio chalureaui Humbert : It occurs in Morocco .
• Senecio confusus Britten (Syn .: Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides (Kunth) Cabrera ): It iswidespreadfrom Mexico to Central and South America .
• Senecio crassissimus Humbert : The home is Madagascar . It is occasionally used as a houseplant.
• Senecio delbesianus Arènes : It occurs in Syria .
• Senecio deltoideus Less.
• Senecio doria L.
• Senecio doriiformis DC.
• Chamois ragwort or chamois ( Senecio doronicum (L.) L. )
• Senecio dubitabilis C.Jeffrey & YLChen : It occurs in Pakistan, India, Kashmir, Central Asia, Siberia, in China and in Mongolia.
• Senecio duriaei J.Gay : It occurs in Spain.
• Senecio eboracensis R.J. Abbott & AJLowe : It occurs in Great Britain .
• Senecio elegans L .: It is native to South Africa. But it is a neophyte in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, the Azores and California.
• Senecio eriopus Willk. : It occurs in Morocco and Spain.
• Senecio erythrophyllus Lázaro Ibiza : It occurs in Spain.
• Senecio eubaeus Boiss. & Hero. : It occurs in Greece .
• Senecio flavus (Decne.) Sch.Bip.
• Senecio flexuosus E.D. Clarke : It occurs in the European part of Turkey.
• Senecio formosoides Cuatrec. : The home is South America.
• Senecio fruticulosus Sm .: This endemic occurs only in Crete .
• Senecio gallicus Vill. : It is originally found in Morocco, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy and the Balearic Islands.
• Senecio glastifolius L. f. : It is originally found in South Africa and is a neophyte in Australia and New Zealand.
• Senecio glaucus L .: It occurs in two subspecies in European Russia , Crimea , Spain, Sicily , Malta , North Africa, the Canary Islands , the Arabian Peninsula, West Asia , the Caucasus , Central Asia , India , Pakistan and China before.
• Senecio gnaphalioides Spreng.
• Giant Ragwort ( Senecio grandifolius Less. ): The home is Mexico.
• Senecio grandiflorus P.J.Bergius
• Senecio grisebachii Baker : It occurs in Bolivia , Brazil , Argentina , Paraguay and Uruguay .
• Senecio hesperidum Jahand. & al. : It occurs in Morocco.
• Senecio hoggariensis Batt. & Trot.
• Senecio ilsae A. Santos & Reyes-Bet. : This endemic occurs only on Gomera .
• Narrow-leaved ragwort or narrow-leaf ragwort ( Senecio inaequidens DC. )
• Senecio incrassatus Lowe : It occurs only on La Palma , El Hierro , on the Madeira archipelagoand the Ilhas Selvagens .
• Senecio kerdousianus Gómiz & Llamas : It occurs in Morocco.
• Senecio kleiniiformis sweet. : Apparently it only occurs in culture.
• Senecio legionensis Lange : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
• Senecio leucanthemifolius Poir. : There are several subspecies, including:
  • Spring ragwort ( Senecio leucanthemifolius subsp. Vernalis (Waldst. & Kit.) Greuter , Syn .: Senecio vernalis Waldst. & Kit. )
• Senecio linifolius L.
• Senecio lividus L .: It occurs in the Mediterranean area.
• Senecio lopezii Boiss. : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
• Senecio macedonicus Griseb. : It occurs in Greece, Macedonia and Bulgaria .
• Kapefeu ( Senecio macroglossus DC. ): Home is Mozambique , Zimbabwe and South Africa; she is a neophyte in Australia .
• Senecio macrophyllus M.Bieb.
• Senecio massaicus (Maire) Maire : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria and the Canary Islands.
• Senecio minimus Poir. : It is originally found in Australia and New Zealand and is a neophyte in North America.
• Senecio nevadensis Boiss. & Reut. : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Spain and the Balearic Islands .
• Senecio olympicus Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey.
• Senecio oophyllus C.Jeffrey : It occurs in Turkey.
• Senecio perralderianus Coss. : It occurs in Morocco and Algeria.
• Senecio petraeus Boiss. & Reut. : It occurs in Morocco, Spain, Gibraltar and Sardinia .
• Senecio pinnulatus Thunb.
• Senecio platensis Arechav.
• Senecio propinquus Shishk. : It occurs in Georgia , the Kuakasus area and Azerbaijan .
• Senecio pseudoarnica Less. : It occurs in Norway , Russia's Far East, Canada , Alaska and Maine .
• Senecio pseudo-orientalis Shishk.
• Senecio pterophorus DC. : It is originally found in Lesotho and South Africa and is a neophyte in Spain, Italy and Australia.
• Senecio pyrenaicus L .: It occurs in Portugal, Spain, Andorra and France.
• Senecio quadridentatus Labill. : It is native to Australia and New Zealand and is a neophyte in California.
• Senecio quinqueradiatus DC. : It occurs in Spain.
• Senecio rowleyanus H. Jacobsen (Syn .: Curio rowleyanus (H. Jacobsen) PVHeath ): The home is South Africa.
• Senecio salsugineus H. Duman & Vural : It occurs in Turkey.
• River ragwort ( Senecio sarracenicus L. , Syn .: Senecio fluviatilis Wallr. )
• Senecio scopolii Hoppe & Hornsch. : It occurs in Italy and on the Balkan Peninsula.
• Senecio smithii DC.
• Senecio soldanella A.Gray : It occurs in Colorado and New Mexico .
• Senecio squalidus L .: There are several subspecies, including:
  • Rock ragwort ( Senecio squalidus subsp. Rupestris (Waldst. & Kit.) Greuter , Syn .: Senecio rupestris Waldst. & Kit. )
• Forest ragwort ( Senecio sylvaticus L. )
• Senecio tamoides DC. : The home is South Africa and Swaziland .
• Senecio tauricola V.A.Matthews : It occurs in Turkey.
• Senecio tauricus Konechn.
• Senecio teneriffae Bolle : It is native to the Canary Islands, Morocco and Great Britain.
• Senecio thapsoides DC. : The two subspecies occur on the Balkan Peninsula from Dalmatia to Greece.
• Senecio trilobus L .: It occurs in Libya.
• Senecio tschabanicus K. Koch : It occurs in Turkey.
• Senecio umbrosus Waldst. & Kit. : It occurs in the Czech Republic , Austria, Hungary , Poland , Slovakia , Croatia , Bosnia-Herzegovina , Serbia , Bulgaria, Romania , Ukraine and Turkey.
• Senecio viravira Hieron. : The homeland is Brazil , Argentina and Uruguay .
• Sticky ragwort or sticky ragwort ( Senecio viscosus L. )
• Common ragwort or common ragwort ( Senecio vulgaris L. ): There are two subspecies:
  • Senecio vulgaris subsp. denticulatus (OFMüll.) PDSell (Syn .: Senecio denticulatus O.F.Müll. )
  • Senecio vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris

Mostly species no longer included in the genus Senecio (selection)

The species of the genus Ash herbs ( Tephroseris (Rchb.) Rchb. ) Are not included in the genus Senecio :

Tephroseris longifolia subsp. gaudinii

• Tephroseris balbisiana (DC.) Holub (Syn .: Senecio balbisianus DC. ): It occurs in France and Italy.
• Tephroseris cladobotrys (Ledeb.) Griseb. & Schenk (Syn .: Senecio cladobotrys Ledeb. ): It occurs in Turkey, the Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia and Russia.
• Tephroseris coincyi (Rouy) Holub (Syn .: Senecio coincyi Rouy ): It occurs in Spain.
• Tephroseris crassifolia (Schult.) Griseb. & Schenk (Syn .: Cineraria crassifolia Schult. , Senecio bosniacus G. Beck ): It occurs on the Balkan Peninsula.
• Tephroseris elodes (Boiss. Ex DC.) Holub (Syn .: Senecio elodes Boiss. Ex DC. ): It occurs in Spain.
• Pre-Alpine ash herb ( Tephroseris longifolia (Jacq.) Griseb. & Schenk , Syn .: Cineraria longifolia Jacq. )
• Swiss ragwort ( Senecio gaudinii Gremli , Syn .: Senecio ovirensis (WDJKoch) DC. Subsp. Gaudinii (Gremli) Cuf. ) => Tephroseris longifolia subsp. gaudinii (Gremli) Kerguélen : It occurs in France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Croatia, Serbia and Albania.
• Steppe ragwort , whole-leaved ragwort ( Senecio integrifolius (L.) Clairv. ) => Whole-leaved ash herb ( Tephroseris integrifolia (L.) Holub ). With numerous subspecies. Including:
  • Augsburger steppe ragwort ( Tephroseris integrifolia subsp. Vindelicorum Krach ): This endemic endemic was first described by Brigitte Krach in 1988 and only occurs on the Lechtalheiden near Augsburg .
• Bog ash herb ( Tephroseris palustris (L.) Rchb. ) (Syn .: Othonna palustris L. , Senecio palustris (L.) Hook. )
• Tephroseris papposa (Rchb.) Schur (Syn .: Senecio papposus (Rchb.) Less. ): It occurs in Italy, Croatia, on the Balkan Peninsula, in Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine and Turkey.
• Krauses rivularis ( Senecio rivularis (Waldst. & Kit.) DC. ) => Tephroseris crispa (Jacq.) Rchb.
• Spatelblättriges ragwort ( Senecio helenitis (L.) Schinz & Thell. , Syn .: Senecio spathulifolius (Gmel) Griesselich. ) => Spatelblättriges ash herb ( Tephroseris helenitis (L.) B.Nord. ): It arrives in Spain, France, Italy , Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia and Albania.
• Salzburg ragwort ( Senecio salisburgensis (Cuf.) Rauschert ) => Tephroseris helenitis subsp. salisburgensis (Cufod.) B.Nord. : It occurs in Germany, Austria and Croatia.

The species of the genus Kleinia Mill are not included in the genus Senecio :

• Oleander-leaved Kleinie ( Senecio kleinia (L.) Less. ) => Is a synonym of Kleinia neriifolia Haw.
• Senecio serpens G.D. Rowley => Is a synonym of Kleinia repens (L.) Haw.

Habitus and flower heads of Haller's ragwort ( Jacobaea uniflora )

Jacob's ragwort ( Jacobaea vulgaris )

Since 2006 the genus Senecio does not include about 45 species of the genus Jacobaea Mill. (Selection):

• Common ragwort (Jacobaea abrotanifolia (L.) Moench , Syn .: Senecio abrotanifolius L. ): There are subspecies:
  • Jacobaea abrotanifolia (L.) Moench subsp. abrotanifolia
  • Jacobaea abrotanifolia subsp. carpathica (Herbich) B. North. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio carpathicus Herbich , Senecio abrotanifolius subsp. Carpathicus (Herbich) Nyman )
  • Jacobaea abrotanifolia subsp. tiroliensis (Dalla Torre) B. North . & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio tiroliensis Dalla Torre , Senecio abrotanifolius subsp. Tiroliensis (Dalla Torre) Murr )
• Jacobaea adonidifolia (Loisel.) Pelser & Veldkamp (Syn .: Senecio adonidifolius Loisel. , Senecio artemisiifolius Pers. ): It occurs in Spain, Andorra and France.
• Alpine ragwort or heart ragwort ( Jacobaea alpina (L.) Moench , Syn .: Solidago alpina L. , Cineraria alpina (L.) L. , Senecio alpinus (L.) Scop. , Solidago alpina L. , Cineraria cordifolia Gouan , Senecio cordatus W.DJKoch , Senecio cordifolius (Gouan) Clairv. Non L. f. )
• Jacobaea ambigua (Biv.) Pelser & Veldkamp (Syn .: Cineraria ambigua Biv. , Senecio ambiguus (Biv.) DC. , Cineraria bicolor subsp. Ambigua (Biv.) Nyman , Senecio gibbosus subsp. Ambiguus (Biv.) Arcang. ) : There are two subspecies:
  • Jacobaea ambigua (Biv.) Pelser & Veldkamp subsp. ambigua : This only occurs in Sicily.
  • Jacobaea ambigua subsp. taygetea (Boiss. & Heldr.) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio taygeteus Boiss. & Heldr. , Cineraria nebrodensis subsp. Taygetea (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman , Senecio ambiguus subsp. Taygeteus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Greuter ): It occurs only in Greece.
• Jacobaea andrzejowskyi (Tzvelev) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio andrzejowskyi Tzvelev ): It occurs in Ukraine and European Russia.
• Water ragwort ( Jacobaea aquatica (Hill) G.Gaertn. & Al. , Syn .: Senecio aquaticus Hill , Senecio pratensis Richt. )
• Jacobaea argunensis (Turcz.) B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio argunensis Turcz. , Senecio erucifolius subsp. Argunensis (Turcz.) E. Wiebe )
• Jacobaea auricula (Coss.) Pelser (Syn .: Senecio auricula Coss. , Senecio auricula subsp. Castellanus Ascaso & Pedrol , Senecio auricula subsp. Sicoricus (O.Bolòs & Vigo) Ascaso & Pedrol , Senecio auricula var. Sicoricus O.Bolòs & Vigo ): It occurs in Algeria and Spain.
• Jacobaea boissieri (DC.) Pelser (Syn .: Senecio boissieri DC. ): It occurs in Spain.
• Jacobaea borysthenica (DC.) B. North. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio borysthenicus (DC.) Czern. ): It occurs in Romania and Moldova in the Ukraine.
• Jacobaea buschiana (Sosn.) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio buschianus Sosn. ): It occurs in European Russia.
• Jacobaea cannabifolia (Less.) E. Wiebe (Syn .: Senecio cannabifolius Less. )
• Jacobaea candida (C.Presl) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Cineraria candida C. Presl ): This endemic occurs only in Sicily.
• Jacobaea cilicia (Boiss.) B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio cilicius Boiss. ): It occurs in Turkey.
• Jacobaea delphiniifolia (Vahl) Pelser & Veldkamp (Syn .: Senecio delphiniifolius Vahl ): It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Italy, Sardinia and Sicily.
• Jacobaea disjuncta (Flatscher, Schneew. & Schönsw.) Galasso & Bartolucci It occurs in Austria, Switzerland and Italy.
• Spreizblättriges ragwort , Spreizendes ragwort ( Jacobaea erratica (Bertol.) Fourr. , Syn .: Senecio erraticus Bertol. , Senecio aquaticus subsp. Erraticus (Bertol.) Tourlet , Senecio jacobaea subsp. Erraticus (Bertol.) Sudre , Senecio aquaticus subsp. Barbareifolius (Wimm. & Grab.) Walters , Senecio erraticus subsp. Barbareifolius (Wimm. & Grab.) Hegi , Senecio aquaticus var. Barbareifolius Wimm. & Grab. )
• Rocket ragwort ( Jacobaea erucifolia (L.) G.Gaertn. & Al. , Syn .: Senecio erucifolius L. , Senecio autumnalis (Cariot) Gand. , Senecio erucifolius var. Autumnalis Cariot ): There are the subspecies:
  • Jacobaea erucifolia (L.) G. Gaertn. & al. subsp. erucifolia
  • Jacobaea erucifolia subsp. arenaria (Soó) B. North. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio arenarius Besser non Thunb. , Senecio erucifolius subsp. Arenarius Soó , Senecio cinereus (Velen.) Velen. Non Moretti , Senecio grandidentatus Ledeb. , Senecio velenovskyi Borbás , Senecio erucifolius subsp. Grandidentatus (Ledeb.) VEA . , Senecio erucifolius var. Cinereus Velen. )
  • Jacobaea erucifolia subsp. praealta (Bertol.) Greuter & B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio praealtus Bertol. )
  • Jacobaea erucifolia subsp. tenuifolia (J.Presl & K.Presl) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Jacobaea tenuifolia J.Presl & K.Presl , Senecio tenuifolius Jacq. Non . F Burm. , Senecio erucifolius subsp. Tenuifolius (J.Presl & K.Presl) Schübl. & G.Martens )
• Jacobaea ferganensis (Schischk.) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio ferganensis Schischk. )
• Jacobaea gallerandiana (Coss. & Durieu) Pelser (Syn .: Senecio gallerandianus Coss. & Durieu ): It occurs in Algeria.
• Jacobaea gibbosa (cast.) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Cineraria gibbosa cast. , Senecio gibbosus (cast.) DC. , Jacobaea maritima subsp. Gibbosa (cast.) Peruzzi & al. , Senecio ambiguus subsp. Gibbosus (cast.) Chater )
• Jacobaea gigantea (Desf.) Pelser (Syn .: Senecio giganteus Desf. ): It occurs in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.
• Jacobaea gnaphalioides (Spreng.) Veldkamp (Syn .: Senecio gnaphalioides Spreng. ): It occurs in Greece and Crete.
• Gray ragwort or gray ragwort ( Jacobaea incana (L.) Veldkamp , Syn .: Senecio incanus L. ): There are some subspecies, depending on the author:
  • Krainer ragwort ( Jacobaea incana subsp. Carniolica (Willd.) B.Nord. & Greuter , Syn .: Senecio carniolicus Willd. , Senecio incanus subsp. Carniolicus (Willd.) Brown-Blanq. )
  • Jacobaea incana (L.) Veldkamp subsp. incana (Syn .: Senecio incanus L. subsp. incanus )
• Jacobaea inops (Boiss. & Balansa) B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio inops Boiss. & Balansa ): It occurs in Turkey.
• Jacobaea insubrica (Chenevard) Galasso & Bartolucci (Syn .: Jacobaea incana subsp. Insubrica (Chenevard) B.Nord. & Greuter , Syn .: Senecio incanus subsp. Insubricus (Chenevard) Braun-Blanq. ) It comes in Austria, Switzerland , Italy and Slovenia.
• Jacobaea leucophylla (DC.) Pelser (Syn .: Senecio leucophyllus DC. ): It occurs in Spain and France.
• Jacobaea lycopifolia (Poir.) Greuter & B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio lycopifolius Poir. )
• White felted ragwort ( Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden , Syn .: Cineraria maritima (L.) L. , Othonna maritima L. , Senecio cineraria DC. , Senecio maritimus (L.) Rchb. Non L. f. , Senecio bicolor . subsp cineraria (DC.) Chater , Senecio gibbosus . subsp cineraria (DC.) Peruzzi & al. ): There are about three subspecies:
  • Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden subsp. maritima
  • Jacobaea maritima subsp. bicolor (Willd.) B. Nord. & Greuter
  • Jacobaea maritima subsp. sicula N.G. Passal. & al. : It occurs only in Sicily and Malta .
• Jacobaea maroccana (PHDavis) Pelser (Syn .: Senecio maroccanus P. H. Davis ): It occurs in Morocco.
• Jacobaea minuta (Cav.) Pelser & Veldkamp (Syn .: Senecio minutus (Cav.) DC. ): It occurs in Morocco, Portugal, Spain and Gibraltar.
• Jacobaea mollis (Willd.) B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio mollis Willd. )
• Jacobaea mouterdei (Arènes) Greuter & B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio mouterdei Arènes ): It occurred in Lebanon.
• Jacobaea norica (Flatscher, Schneew. & Schönsw.) Galasso & Bartolucci : It occurs in Austria.
• Jacobaea ornata (Druce) Greuter & B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio aquaticus var. Ornatus Druce , Senecio aquaticus subsp. Ornatus (Druce) PDSell ): It occurs only in the United Kingdom .
• Jacobaea othonnae (M.Bieb.) CAMey. (Syn .: Senecio othonnae M. Bieb. )
• Marsh ragwort ( Jacobaea paludosa (L.) G.Gaertn. & Al. , Syn .: Senecio paludosus L. , Senecio bohemicus Tausch , Senecio riparius Wallr. , Senecio paludosus subsp. Bohemicus (Tausch) Čelak. , Senecio paludosus subsp. tomentosus Čelak. non WDJKoch ): There are about three subspecies:
  • Jacobaea paludosa (L.) G. Gaertn. & al. subsp. paludosa
  • Jacobaea paludosa subsp. angustifolia (Holub) B. North. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio paludosus subsp. Angustifolius Holub )
  • Jacobaea paludosa subsp. lanata (Holub) B. North. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio paludosus subsp. Lanatus Holub , Cineraria aurea L. non Senecio aureus L. , Senecio auratus DC. , Senecio sadleri Sadler , Senecio tataricus Less. )
• Jacobaea pancicii (Degen) Vladimirov & Raab-Straube (Syn .: Senecio pancicii Degen ): It occurs in Serbia, Bulgaria and Macedonia.
• Jacobaea persoonii (De Not.) Pelser (Syn .: Senecio persoonii De Not. ): It occurs in France and Italy.
• Jacobaea racemosa (M.Bieb.) Pelser (Syn .: Senecio racemosus (M. Bieb.) DC. )
• Jacobaea samnitum (Nyman) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio samnitum (Nyman) Greuter ): It occurs in Italy.
• Jacobaea sandrasica (PHDavis) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio sandrasicus P. H. Davis ): It occurs in Turkey.
• Jacobaea schischkiniana (Sofieva) B.Nord. & Greuter (Syn .: Senecio schischkinianus Sofieva ): It occurs in the Russian Caucasus region.
• Mountain ragwort or Mountain ragwort ( Jacobaea Subalpina (WDJKoch) Pelser & Veldkamp , Syn .: Senecio subalpinus W.DJKoch , Senecio alpinus subsp. Subalpinus (WDJKoch) Hayek , Senecio cordatus subsp. Auriculatus (Jacq.) Arcang. , Cineraria cordifolia var. auriculata Jacq. non Senecio auriculatus N.L.Burm. , Cineraria arnautorum (Velen.) Nyman , Jacobaea arnautorum (Velen.) Pelser , Senecio arnautorum Velen. , Senecio alpinus subsp. arnautorum (Velen.) Hayek ): It comes in Germany Czech Republic, Austria, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Greece, Romania and Ukraine.
• Jacobaea trapezuntina (Boiss.) B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio trapezuntinus Boiss. ): It occurs in Turkey.
• Haller's ragwort ( Jacobaea uniflora (All.) Veldkamp , Solidago uniflora All. , Senecio halleri Dandy , Senecio uniflorus (All.) All. Non Retz. , Solidago uniflora All. , Senecio chabertii Petitm. Non Cariot ): It comes in France, Switzerland and Italy.
• Ragwort or ragwort ( Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn. , Syn .: Senecio jacobaea L. , Senecio flosculosus Jord. , Senecio foliosus DC. , Senecio jacobaeoides Willk. , Senecio nemorosus Jord. , Senecio jacobaea subsp. Nudus (Weston) Soják , Senecio praealtus . subsp foliosus (DC.) Cout. , Senecio jacobaea var. nudus Weston ): There are about three subspecies:
  • Jacobaea vulgaris subsp. dunensis (Dumort.) Pelser & Meijden (Syn .: Senecio dunensis Dumort. , Senecio jacobaea subsp. dunensis (Dumort.) Kadereit & PDSell )
  • Jacobaea vulgaris subsp. gotlandica (Neuman) B.Nord. (Syn .: Senecio jacobaea subsp. Gotlandicus (Neuman) Sterner , Senecio jacobaea var. gotlandicus Neuman )
  • Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn. subsp. vulgaris

Toxicity

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

please only specify the species, otherwise it makes no sense, especially in this article

Senecionin

For the genus Senecio s. l. are pyrrolizidine alkaloids typical, for example, in large part senecionine hepatotoxic and carcinogenic are. The species in the systematics presented in the article that are viewed as particularly problematic belong to the genus Jacobaea . Symptoms of poisoning usually appear very late (after weeks or months). Poisoning is also possible through honey and cow's milk. The cattle avoid Senecio species on the pasture, but not in the hay. Various highly poisonous species from Mexico provide a popular mouse poison.

In folk medicine, it is used diluted for menstrual disorders and nosebleeds. However, self-treatment is strictly not recommended.

literature

• Theodore M. Barkley: Senecio. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 20: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 7: Asteraceae, part 2 (Astereae, Senecioneae). Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2006, ISBN 0-19-530564-7 , pp. 544 (English). , (English, same text online at efloras.org as the printed work ).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t} Senecio in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
2. ^ Eduard Strasburger (welcomed), Peter Sitte, Elmar Weiler, Andreas Bresinsky, Christian Körner: Textbook of botany for universities . 34th edition. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-437-25500-2 .
3. ↑ Species number in the reference AP website.
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Gabriele Galasso, Fabrizio Bartolucci: Four new combinations in Jacobaea Mill. (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) for the European flora. (Full text PDF) (No longer available online.) In: Natural History Sciences. Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Sturgeon. nat. Milano, Volume 2, Issue 2. 2015, pp. 95–96 , archived from the original on April 28, 2019 ; accessed on July 5, 2019 . doi: 10.4081 / nhs.2015.246  
5. ↑ Joachim Herborg: The variability and delineation of clans in the Senecio nemorensis group (Compositae) in the European subarea. (Mathematical and natural scientific dissertation Göttingen) Berlin and Stuttgart 1987 (= Dissertationes botanicae , 107).
6. ↑ after Joachim Herborg, Oberprieler and Hodálóva
7. ^ Werner Greuter : The Euro + Med treatment of Senecioneae and the minor Compositae tribes - generic concepts and required new names, with an addendum to Cardueae. In: Willdenowia , Volume 33, Issue 2, 2003, pp. 245-250. doi: 10.3372 / wi.33.33203
8. ^ Christoph Oberprieler The Senecio nemorensis group (Compositae, Senecioneae) in Bavaria. In: Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. , Volume 64, 1994, pp. 7-54.
9. ↑ Christoph Oberprieler, A. Barth, S. Schwarz, J. Heilmann: Morphological and phytochemical variation, genetic structure, and phenology in an introgressive hybrid swarm of Senecio hercynicus and S. ovatus (Compositae, Senecioneae). In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 286, 2010, pp. 153-166.
10. ↑ Christoph Oberprieler, S. Hartl, K. Schauer, J. Meister, J. Heilmann: Morphological, phytochemical, and genetic variation in mixed stands and a hybrid swarm of Senecio germanicus and S. ovatus (Compositae, Senecioneae). In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 293, 2011, pp. 177-191.
11. ↑ Kaja Rola: Morphometry and Distribution of Senecio Nemorensis agg. Species (Asteraceae) in Poland. In: Polish Botanical Journal , Volume 59, Issue 1, 2014, pp. 37-54. doi: 10.2478 / pbj-2014-0004
12. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf} Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: Werner Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Datasheet Senecio In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
13. ^ Yilin Chen, Bertil Nordenstam, Charles Jeffrey & Leszek Vincent: Senecio Linnaeus. Text same online as printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 20-21: Asteraceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010
14. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: Werner Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Datasheet Tephroseris (Rchb.) Rchb. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
15. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW-Verlag, Eching near Munich, 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 . Page 619.
16. ↑ Rune Bertil Nordenstam: . Aditions to the genus Jacobaea Mill (Compositae - Senecioneae). In: Compositae Newsletter , Volume 44, 2006, pp. 12-13.
17. ^ PB Pelser et al .: New combinations in Jacobaea Mill. (Asteraceae - Senecioneae). In: Compositae Newsletter , Volume 44, 2006, pp. 1–12.
18. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc} Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: Werner Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Datasheet Jacobaea In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
19. ^ Toxins in Jacob's ragwort at giftpflanze.com .
20. ↑ Heiko Himmler: Greiskraut - The Yellow Danger? at heimat-pfalz.de . from a report in Pollichia-Kurier , issue 4, October to December 2009.

Web links

Commons : Ragweed ( Senecio )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entries about Senecio in Plants For A Future
• The Austrian species with links to profiles of the species.
• Groundsel, the yellow danger?

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !