Jakob garlic

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Coat of arms of the noble Frankfurt patrician family Knobloch (Knoblauch)

Jakob Knoblauch , called the Rich , (* not known; † October 1, 1357 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a patrician and mayor in Frankfurt am Main.

origin

The Knoblauch family was one of the oldest patrician families in Frankfurt. It is mentioned for the first time in Frankfurt in 1223 with Konrad Knoblauch ( Alleum ), the son of Heinricus Alleum , who moved from Wetzlar but probably comes from the Frankfurt family , just a few years after Friedrich II granted the city its first privileges for self-administration. The Knoblauch were one of five closely related families that were united in the Alten Limpurg lounge in the 14th century and together made up about half of all city councils. From 1351 to 1400, twelve members of the Knoblauch family held the office of Frankfurt mayor. The family died out in 1693.

Live and act

Jakob Knoblauch, a son of the Frankfurt lay judge Konrad II Knoblauch and Jutta de Wedera , is mentioned for the first time in 1315 and has been named since 1320 as a lay judge and member of the first bank of the city council, organized according to ancestry . He was elected Senior Mayor for the first time in 1323 , an office that had only existed since 1311.

Artist's impression of the coat of arms of
the Knoblauch family in 1578

Jakob was a political confidante of Emperor Ludwig of Bavaria , to whom the city of Frankfurt remained loyal in its dispute with the Pope. In return, the city obtained important privileges from him, which ensured its independence and its position as a trade fair and trade center. Knoblauch was a member of the Frankfurt embassies, which negotiated with Ludwig in Pavia in 1329 and in Munich in 1330 , and received from him the right to redeem all imperial property in and around Frankfurt that had been pledged into third parties. In addition, on April 25, 1330, the municipality was given the right of escort , which guaranteed the merchants traveling to the Frankfurt fair duty-free; In return, all visitors to the fair were under the protection of the Reich, which the city had to guarantee, eight days before and after the fair, i.e. on arrival and departure. In addition to the previous autumn fair, a 14-day fair could now also be held in spring during Lent, which was mainly intended for the trade in winter products such as wool or wine .

In 1323 Knoblauch acquired her farmstead "die da stoſzent uf den Dypewek" (= which leads to the thief's path, today's Marbachweg in the Dornbusch district ) from Mechthild von Breuberg , the widow of the last Breuberger Eberhard . Knoblauch rounded off the estate, which was located on imperial lean land , and built a fortified estate there , the Knoblauchshof, protected by a wall and ditch . His son Jakob sold the farm to the city in 1396 for 800 guilders. A fortified tower of the property later known as Kühhornshof still exists today on the premises of the Hessischer Rundfunk .

In 1333 Knoblauch acquired the Saalhof from Eberhard von Breuberg's daughters , the former Hohenstaufen imperial castle on the banks of the Main , which had been pledged to various noble families from the Frankfurt area since 1267. The redemption of the pledge by a Frankfurt citizen was another important step towards urban autonomy, as no foreign nobleman could now settle permanently in a castle-like residence in the city.

Knoblauch and his wife Drude acquired the Saalhof with the associated goods, including Oberrad , for 1,800 pounds sterling and had the former castle converted into a trading office, which during trade fairs served as an inn for foreign merchants and as a storage area. In 1334 Emperor Ludwig appointed him a valued court servant and in 1339, together with the Nuremberg mayor Konrad Groß , granted him the right to mint coins . Knoblauch was allowed to mint Heller , from 1340 guilders and from 1345 also Turnosen , and to do bills of exchange. In 1346 the small change coin passed to the city.

After the election of Karl IV from Luxembourg as the rival king in 1346, Knoblauch again took on important diplomatic tasks in the service of the city. In 1347 he was again senior mayor , took part in the negotiations that led to the renunciation of the throne by the opposing king Günther von Schwarzburg , and secured an understanding with the new emperor for the city, which had been on the side of the Wittelsbach party until the end . As early as 1349, Charles IV also accepted garlic into his court servants.

Jakob Knoblauch, together with Siegfried zum Paradies , who married his daughter Katharina in 1349 , was one of the most important Frankfurt politicians of the 14th century. With his first wife, Elisabeth Frosch , he had two sons, Jakob the Elder. Ä. and Heilmann , as well as three daughters, Clara (married to Hertwin von Stralenberg in 1354 ), Jutta (married to Salmann von Mainz in 1355 ) and Greta . With his second wife Drude Junge he had three sons, Konrad , Adolf (married 1st with Elisabeth Hartrad zu Waldeck von Dieburg , 2nd with Katharina Apotheker ) and Jakob the Elder. J. (married to Hille Hartrad von Dieburg ), as well as four daughters, Meckel (married to Konrad zum Gießübel ), Jutta (married to Gipel von Ovenbach ), Trude (1371 nun to St. Katharinen in Frankfurt) and the aforementioned Katharina .

See also

literature

personal data
SURNAME Garlic, Jacob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German councilor and mayor of Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF BIRTH 13th century or 14th century
DATE OF DEATH October 1, 1357
Place of death Frankfurt am Main