Shūgiin election 2014

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← 2012Constituencies 2014 (295 seats)2017 →
Share of votes in%
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
48.1
22.5
13.3
8.2
2.9
1.8
1.5
1.0
0.9
Independent
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 2012
 % p
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
+5.1
-0.3
+5.4
-8.1
+1.2
+1.8
± 0.0
+1.0
-6.0
Independent
Otherwise.
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
d Comparative value 2012: Nippon Ishin no Kai and Minna no Tō
Proportional election 2014 (180 seats)
Share of votes in%
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
33.1
18.3
15.7
13.7
11.4
2.7
2.5
1.9
0.7
Gains and losses
compared to 2012
 % p
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-12
-14
+5.3
+2.8
-13.6
+1.8
+5.2
+2.7
+0.1
+1.9
-6.6
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
c Comparative value 2012: Nippon Ishin no Kai and Minna no Tō
Allocation of seats in 2014
         
A total of 475 seats
Distribution of seats after the election
Polling station on December 14, 2014

The 2014 Shūgiin election , formally the 47th general election of MPs in the Shūgiin ( Japanese 第 47 回 衆議院 議員 総 選 挙 dai-yonjūnana-kai Shūgiin giin sōsenkyo ), to determine the composition of the House of Representatives ( Shūgiin ), the lower house of the national parliament ( Kokkai ) in Japan , took place on December 14, 2014. The official announcement ( kōji ; statutory election campaign start, regular registration deadline for candidates and proportional representation lists , possibility of early voting) took place on December 2nd. For the new election, the Shūgiin was dissolved during the 187th Kokkai on November 21 on the basis of Article 7 of the constitution.

After a reorganization of the Shūgiin constituencies in 17 prefectures in 2013, there were now 295 instead of the previous 300 MPs by majority vote in single-mandate constituencies, 180 by proportional representation via party lists in eleven regional proportional constituencies ("blocs"). Since a lower house election under the post-war constitution automatically leads to the resignation of the cabinet , a Shūgiin election also inevitably leads to a new election of the prime minister in parliament and a new cabinet, even if this can be composed the same in terms of personnel and party politics as before.

At the same time as a general election, the referendum to confirm the judges at the Supreme Court took place. For December 14th, the prefecture parliament election in Ibaraki was also scheduled subnationally .

background

As a result of the Shūgiin election in 2012 , a coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Kōmeitō governed by Prime Minister Shinzō Abe (LDP). Since the 2013 election to the Sangiin , the upper house of parliament, the government has a majority in both chambers of parliament. For a long time, the cabinet enjoyed relatively high approval ratings in polls, while the opposition has not yet completed its reform after the collapse of the Democratic Party (DPJ), the largest opposition party, in 2012. In view of the government's relatively high approval ratings, double elections to parliament ( Shū-San double sichyo ; so far only in 1980 and 1986) in the summer of 2016 were considered likely for a long time.

In autumn 2014, the approval ratings for the cabinet fell well below the 50% mark. During the discussion about the timing of the implementation of the second stage of the doubling of VAT, which was decided by both major parties in 2012, planned for October 2015, Abe promised that he would like to postpone the tax increase by a year and a half and dissolve the lower house of parliament in order to avoid new elections possibly to get the approval of the citizens as early as December 2014.

Candidates, parties and nomination strategy

LDP Chairman and Prime Minister Abe delivering a speech on December 13, 2014 for the election campaign of LDP MP Miki Yamada in the 1st constituency of Tokyo Prefecture (video)

After Prime Minister Abe announced the dissolution of the House of Commons during the G-20 summit in Australia, the parties worked to put together candidates, the bourgeois opposition (especially DPJ , Ishin , Minna ) also negotiated a possible common electoral strategy in as many constituencies as possible, while the Minna no Tō decided in the renewed dispute between the opposition course or the chairman Asao and rapprochement with the government or the ex-chairman Watanabe their dissolution. Despite attempts at coordination, there were a number of constituencies in which several candidates from the larger non-communist opposition parties competed against each other. In some other constituencies, there was only one LDP candidate and one communist.

Previous MPs (as of December 2, 2014) and candidates for the 2014 Shūgiin election
Political party Previous
MPs 		Constituency candidates Proportional representation candidates Sum of
candidates
previous
MPs 		former
MP 		New applicants Double candidates Only proportional representation (Women)
Liberal Democratic Party 295 267 2 14th 283 272 69 341 352 (42)
Democratic Party 62 61 78 39 178 177 20th 197 198 (29)
Ishin no Tō 42 39 10 28 77 76 7th 83 84 (9)
Kōmeitō 31 9 0 0 9 0 42 42 51 (3)
Jisedai no Tō 20th 15th 2 22nd 39 36 9 45 48 (3)
Communist Party of Japan 8th 2 1 289 292 19th 23 42 315 (79)
Seikatsu no Tō 5 5 4th 4th 13 12 7th 19th 20th (3)
Social Democratic Party 2 2 1 15th 18th 17th 7th 24 25th (1)
Shinto Kaikaku 0 0 0 0 0 0 4th 4th 4th (1)
Genzei Nippon 0 0 0 2 2 - 0 0 2 (1)
Others 0 0 0 3 3 - 44 44 47 (21)
Independent 14th 16 3 26th 45 - 45 (6)
total 479
(1 vacancy) 		416 101 442 959 609 232 841 1191 (198)

Result

The turnout was 52.66% in the majority electoral segment and 52.65% in the proportional representation segment and thus reached the lowest level in general elections in post-war history. The governing coalition defended its two-thirds majority in the lower house, Shinzō Abe was elected prime minister for the third time on December 24, 2014, when the 188th parliament (a three-day special parliament) met . Among the opposition parties, the Jisedai no Tō lost most of their seats, the Democratic Party recorded slight gains, and the Communist Party made significant gains with an almost tripling of its seats and its first constituency success (Okinawa 1) since 1996. In Okinawa , all four seats in the constituencies went to candidates who speak out against the US military bases on the island, the LDP lost its three seats. The expected distribution of seats is:

Political party Individual constituencies Proportional representation Total seats modification
be right proportion of Seats be right proportion of Seats to the last election on the composition before the election
Liberal Democratic Party 25,461,427 48.1% 222 17,658,916 33.1% 68 290 −4 −5
Democratic Party 11,916,838 22.5% 38 9,775,991 18.3% 35 73 +16 +11
Ishin no Tō 4,319,645 8.2% 11 8,382,699 15.7% 30th 41 New −1
Kōmeitō 765.390 1.5% 9 7,314,236 13.7% 26th 35 +4 +4
Communist Party of Japan 7,040,130 13.3% 1 6,062,962 11.4% 20th 21st +13 +13
Jisedai no Tō 947.395 1.8% 2 1,414,919 2.7% 0 2 New −18
Seikatsu no Tō 514,575 1.0% 2 1,028,721 1.9% 0 2 New −3
Social Democratic Party 419,347 0.8% 1 1,314,441 2.5% 1 2 0 0
Others 43,726 0.1% 0 381,562 0.7% 0 0 −83 0
Independent 1,511,242 2.9% 9 - 9 +4 −5
total 100% 295 53,334,447 100% 180 475 −5 −4 (1 vacancy)
  1. ↑ Originating from the split of the Nippon Ishin no Kai and the merger with the Yui no Tō , a split of the Minna no Tō .
  2. ↑ Originating from the split of the Nippon Ishin no Kai .
  3. ↑ Originating from the split of the Nippon Mirai no Tō .
  4. ↑ Nippon Mirai no Tō , Nippon Ishin no Kai and Minna no Tō have disbanded since the last election. Your former MPs ran as candidates from other parties, as independents, or not.

Regional overview

Overview of won seats according to regional blocks
block Constituencies Proportional representation
LDP DP Others LDP DP Ishin Kōmei KPJ Others
Hokkaidō 8th 3 Kōmei 1 3 2 1 1 1 0
Tōhoku 19th 4th Ishin 1, Seikatsu 1 5 4th 2 2 1 0
North Kantō 26th 4th Independent 2 8th 4th 3 3 2 0
Tokyo 22nd 1 Kōmei 1, Ishin 1 6th 3 3 2 3 0
South Kantō 24 5 Kōmei 1, Ishin 1, Independent 2 8th 4th 4th 3 3 0
Hokuriku - Shin'etsu 16 2 Ishin 1 5 3 1 1 1 0
Tōkai 22nd 10 Ishin 1 8th 5 3 3 2 0
Kinki 29 6th Ishin 6, Kōmei 6, Independent 1 9 4th 8th 4th 4th 0
Chūgoku 18th 0 Jisedai 1, Independent 1 5 2 1 2 1 0
Shikoku 10 1 0 3 1 1 1 0 0
Kyushu 28 2 KPJ 1, SDP 1, Seikatsu 1, Jisedai 1,
Independent 2, independent (LDP-nominated) 1 		8th 3 3 4th 2 SDP 1
total 222 38 35 68 35 30th 26th 20th 1

Effects

The chairman of the Democratic Party, Banri Kaieda , not only lost his constituency ( Tokyo 1) to the liberal democrat Miki Yamada in 2014, as he did in 2012 , but also missed re-election via the democratic proportional representation in the bloc with his constituency result that was too weak this time ( sekihairitsu 83%) Tokyo, where he only finished fourth out of three seats for the Democrats. The day after the election, he announced his resignation from the party leadership. Katsuya Okada was elected as his successor in January 2015 .

literature

  • Robert J. Pekkanen, Steven R. Reed, Ethan Scheiner (Eds.): Japan Decides 2014: The Japanese General Election. Palgrave Macmillan, 2015, ISBN 978-1-137-55199-3 .

Web links

Commons : Shūgiin-Wahl 2014  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 衆議院 解散 事 実 上 の 選 挙 戦 へ . (No longer available online.) In: NHK News (online for one week). November 21, 2014, archived from the original on November 21, 2014 ; Retrieved November 21, 2014 (Japanese). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www3.nhk.or.jp
  2. ↑ Sōmushō : 衆議院 小 選 挙 区 の 区 割 り の 改 定 等 に つ い て
  3. ↑ Ibaraki Prefectural Election Supervision Commission : 平 成 26 年 12 月 14 日 （日） 執行 茨城 県 議会 議員 一般 選 挙 ( Memento of the original from November 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pref.ibaraki.jp
  4. ↑ 党派 別 立 候補 者 数 . In: Tōkyō Shimbun . December 3, 2014, Retrieved December 5, 2014 (Japanese).
  5. ↑ Abe's bet doesn't quite work out. NZZ , December 14, 2014, accessed December 15, 2014 .
  6. ↑ Elective Features Shūinsen 2014: Yomiuri Shimbun , Asahi Shimbun , Mainichi Shimbun
  7. ↑ Takahiro Inoue ( Fukuoka 1) was subsequently nominated as an LDP candidate, s. Jiji Tsūshin , December 14, 2014: 福岡 １ 区 ・ 井上 氏 を 追加 公認 ＝ 自 民 民 【14 衆院 選】 .
  8. ^ Mizuho Aoki, Reiji Yoshida: Kaieda quits as DPJ chief after humiliating ejection from Diet. In: The Japan Times . December 15, 2014, accessed December 15, 2014 .