Jesus Church (Cieszyn)
| Jesus Church | |
|---|---|
 Jesus Church in Cieszyn |
|
| Construction year: | 1709 |
| Inauguration: | 1723 |
| Style elements : | Baroque |
| Client: | Protestant church |
| Location: | 49 ° 44 '41.7 " N , 18 ° 38' 12.3" E |
| Location: |
Cieszyn Poland |
| Purpose: | Protestant parish church |
| Diocese : | Diocese of Cieszyn |
The Jesuskirche in Cieszyn (Evangelical Church of Grace of Jesus) is located in Cieszyn (German Teschen ) in the Powiat Cieszyński in the Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. It was built as one of the six Protestant Silesian grace churches according to the Altranstädter Convention of 1709. For several decades it was the only Protestant church in Upper Silesia , then after the First Silesian War until 1781 (see tolerance patent ) in Austrian Silesia . The church belonging to the diocese of Cieszyn is considered to be the largest Evangelical-Augsburg church building in Poland. It is the only one of the six grace churches that has remained in the hands of the evangelical community without interruption to this day, and "is the mother church of evangelical Christians in Poland". In recognition of this role, Cieszyn and its sister city Český Těšín were awarded the honorary title “ Reformation City of Europe ” by the Community of Evangelical Churches in Europe in 2015 .
history
The church was from 1709 to 1723 by the of Opava coming architects Hans Georg Rücker House and Joseph Ried in the style of Baroque built. The foundation stone was laid on October 13, 1710. The rococo main altar with the evangelist figures was created in 1766 by the local sculptor Joseph Pracker, who also designed the pulpit with the figure of the risen Christ on the sound cover (1782). The main altar painting, Last Supper, was painted by Friedrich Oezer. In the apse next to the high altar is the bust of the Swedish king Karl XII on the right . and on the left the baptismal font with classical stylistic features. The aedicular portal with Tuscan pilasters was built in the 3rd quarter of the 18th century. In 1772 a bell tower was added to the front facade, in which there have been three bells since 1922.
The first pastor was Jan Muthmann from Reinersdorf in the Duchy of Brieg . The church was visited by Polish, Czech (North Moravia) and German-speaking (e.g. from Rösnitz , Bielitz and Biala ) Lutherans within a radius of up to a hundred kilometers. Muthmann, who spoke German and Polish (he wrote Wierność Bogu i cesarzowi czasu powietrza morowego - the first Polish-language book in Cieszyn Silesia), estimated their number at around 40,000 and asked other pastors for help: Krystian Hentschl, Gotfried Schmidt, Samuel Ludwik Zasadius, Johann Adam Steinmetz and others - in reality the church had five or more pastors in rotation. The church developed into the center of Pietism ; after a trial, the priests had to leave the place on May 22, 1730.
The exterior of the late baroque church impresses with its simplicity. The building is 54 m long and 38 m wide, "was built as a stone structure with a 72-meter high tower and can accommodate almost 8,000 people". It is a five-aisled basilica with a semicircular choir and a gable roof with porticoes . All windows are shaped as semicircles. The four window storeys of the facade correspond to the three gallery storeys above the ground floor. The galleries are integrated into the structure of the church; they open to the central nave through semicircular arcades . The stone balustrades are supported by square posts. The Sauer organ was renovated in 1900.
The church was registered on November 2, 1956 under the number R-466/56, on March 2, 1960 under 205/60 and on December 14, 1977 under A-237/77 in the list of architectural monuments of the Silesian Voivodeship.
Surroundings of the church
Organ loft
Main nave
Main facade with bell tower
Main entrance
High altar
literature
- Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , p. 240 f.
- Reiner Sörries: By the grace of the emperor - Protestant church buildings in the Habsburg Empire. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-20154-8 , pp. 115-117 ( Silesian Gnadenkirchen in the Habsburg Monarchy ).
Web links
- 300 years of Jesus Church in Teschen. (No longer available online.) In: volny.cz/mathesius. Johannes Mathesius Society - Evangelical Sudetendeutsche e. V., May 16, 2009, archived from the original on October 11, 2016 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b For the significance of the twin cities in the history of the Reformation, see the city portraits of Cieszyn and Český Těšín from the project Reformation Cities of Europe. In: reformation-cities.org/cities, accessed on May 27, 2016.
- ↑ Jan Harasimowicz : Enthusiasm and freedom thinking : Contributions to the art and cultural history of Silesia in the early modern period. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2010, ISBN 978-3-412-20616-1 , p. 260 ( preview in the Google book search, with references).
- ^ Reformation city of Cieszyn. In: reformation-cities.org/cities, accessed on May 27, 2016.
- ↑ Directory of Monuments of the Silesian Voivodeship, p. 29. In: nid.pl, accessed on August 23, 2015 (PDF; 498 kB; Polish).