Yevgenia Nikolayevna Sinskaya

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Yevgenia Nikolaevna Sinskaja ( Russian Евгения Николаевна Синская ; born November 12 . Jul / 24. November  1889 greg. In Velikiye Luki , † 3. March 1965 in Leningrad ) was a Russian botanist and university lecturer .

Life

Sinskaja came from a family of teachers. In Velikiye Luki she completed seven classes at a grammar school and an additional eighth class at a girls’s grammar school in Moscow . Since women were generally not admitted to study and the school leaving certificate from a girls 'grammar school did not entitle them to study, she passed the required examination at the Smolensk Boys' School as an external student after independent preparation , whereupon she took a place as a guest student at the Moscow Agricultural Institute (MSChI) in 1909 Plant Breeding Department received. During her studies, she worked in the Besentschuk -Versuchsstation (1910) and in the Novosybkov -Versuchtsstation (1915 to 1916) as a taxidermist , on the trial of MSChI, in the department of soil improvement of Turkestan (1917) and botanical expeditions to Central Asia , Polesia and other parts of the country. In autumn 1917 she completed her studies with the final exam as an external student. She wrote her diploma thesis on wet meadows in the Saratov governorate with Alexei Grigoryevich Dojarenko . In 1918 she received the diploma of an agronomist 1st class.

From March 1919 Sinskaja worked as a specialist in meadow management in the agricultural department of the Saratov government administration. In addition, from 1920 she worked as a laboratory assistant at the Chair for Special Agriculture and Breeding of the Agronomic Faculty of the University of Saratov and in the Saratov Department of the Office for Applied Botany and Breeding of the Agronomy Committee of the People's Commissariat for Agriculture of the RSFSR .

In 1921 Sinskaya moved to the office of applied botany and breeding of the Agronomy Committee of the People's Commissariat for Agriculture of the RSFSR in Leningrad at the invitation of Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov . The All Union Institute for Applied Botany and New Cultures emerged from the office, which then became the All Union Institute for Plant Breeding (WIR). Wawilow valued Sinskaja's versatile knowledge and organizational talent. He involved them in the organization of the WIR, the branches and the experimental stations. She organized and directed the departments for cruciferous vegetables (1921), oil plants , fiber plants , root vegetables (1925) as well as the laboratories for the ecology of cultivated plants (1931) and forage plants (1934). For many years she advised the laboratories and then the vegetable crops department . 1936–1940 she took over the scientific management of the Maikop research station at WIR.

Sinskaya contributed to the establishment of the worldwide collection of land plant seeds of the WIR and the associated research. She took part in expeditions to study the cultivated plant resources in the Altai (1924) and in Japan (1928–1929). From 1929 to 1964 she conducted expeditions almost annually to the Caucasus , the Far East , the Volga region , Polesia, the northwest of the RSFSR and other areas of the European part of the USSR . In 1935 she received her doctorate in agricultural sciences. It made important contributions to the geography of vegetation .

After Vavilov's arrest in 1940, Sinskaya left the WIR and gave lectures at the Leningrad Agricultural Institute (LSChI). She became a professor at the Department of Botany and in October 1941 took over the management of the Department of Breeding and Seed Production at the LSChI, when the German-Soviet War and the Leningrad Blockade had begun. After evacuation of the LSChI to Barnaul 1942 Sinskaja went to Krasnodar , where he headed the laboratory for new oil crops in Allunionsinstitut for oil crops (WNIIMK). Then in 1942 she was evacuated to the Sakatal experimental station in Azerbaijan together with the WNIIMK . After liberating the occupied territories, she returned to Krasnodar.

After the end of the war, Sinskaja was brought back to the WIR in August 1945. She directed the WIR herbarium and carried out fundamental work. In 1957 she became head of the department for forage crops and in 1963 head of the department for systematics and herbaria of cultivated plants. She carried out fundamental work on the evolution of legumes in particular . She headed the Commission for Botanical Nomenclature and the publication of the multi-volume Culture Flora of the USSR and other publications of the WIR. She was a member of the All Union Society for Botany since 1925.

Honors

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bennett, Erna: Evgeniya Nikolaevna Sinskaya . In: Nature . tape 211 , no. 5055 , September 17, 1966, p. 1240 , doi : 10.1038 / 2111240b0 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Filatenko, A .: Ev. Sinskaya - a centenary - Her major activities in the field of establishing and stuying world collections of plant genetic resources . In: Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter . No. 81/82 , 1990, pp. 1–4 (English, [1] [PDF; 6.3 MB ; accessed on December 30, 2019]).
  3. ↑ a b c d e Global Plants: Sinskaya, Eugeniya Nikolayevna (accessed December 30, 2019).
  4. ↑ William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi: History of Soybeans and Soyfoods in France (1665-2015) . Soyinfo Center, 2015, ISBN 978-1-928914-73-0 .
personal data
SURNAME Sinskaya, Yevgenia Nikolaevna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Синская, Евгения Николаевна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian botanist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH November 24, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Velikiye Luki
DATE OF DEATH March 3, 1965
Place of death Leningrad