João Pinheiro
| Município de João Pinheiro "Jomp's City"
João Pinheiro
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 Avenida Juca Cordeiro in João Pinheiro
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| Coordinates | 17 ° 45 ′ S , 46 ° 10 ′ W | ||
 Location of the municipality in the state of Minas Gerais
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| founding | August 30, 1911 (city charter) (age 109) | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Brazil | ||
| State | Minas Gerais | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | BR-MG | ||
| Região intermediária | Patos de Minas (since 2017) | ||
| Região imediata | Patos de Minas (since 2017) | ||
| height | 765 m | ||
| climate | equatorial, Aw | ||
| surface | 10,727.5 km² | ||
| Residents | 45,260 (2010) | ||
| density | 4.2 Ew. / km² | ||
| estimate | 47,452 (July 1, 2019) | ||
| Parish code | IBGE : 3136306 | ||
| Post Code | 38770-00 to 38778-999 | ||
| Telephone code | (+55) 38 | ||
| Time zone | UTC −3 | ||
| Website | www.joaopinheiro.mg (Brazilian Portuguese) | ||
| politics | |||
| City Prefect | Edmar Xavier Maciel (2017-2020) | ||
| Political party | PDT | ||
| Culture | |||
| Patron saint | Saint Anna | ||
| economy | |||
| GDP | 1,331,704 thousand R $ 27,474 R $ per capita (2016) |
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| HDI | 0.697 (2010) | ||
João Pinheiro , officially Portuguese Município de João Pinheiro , is a city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais . As of July 2019, it had a population of 47,452, who are called the Pinheirens and live on a community area of around 10,727 km². It is 76th of the 853 parishes in Minas Gerais in terms of population. The large community area in relation to the number of residents, the largest in Minas Gerais, leads to a calculated density of 4.2 people per km², around 80% of the population lives in the urban core of the municipality, which covers around 9.7 km².
name of the city
The community received self-government rights as a Munizip on August 30, 1911 and is located in the northwest of Minas Gerais. The name of the city was given in honor of the former president of Minas Gerais João Pinheiro da Silva .
Geographical location
João Pinheiro is the largest municipality in northwest Minas, it has easy access from the BR-040 , the important link between the capital Brasília , about 288 km away, and the state capital Belo Horizonte , about 329 km away. The nearest regional airport, Aeroporto de Araxá, is around 218.5 km away.
The biome is predominantly cerrado .
Surrounding communities are Presidente Olegário , Lagoa Grande , Paracatu , Unaí , Brasilândia de Minas , Buritizeiro and São Gonçalo do Abaeté .
Until 1995 the area of the municipality was 14,451 km², it lost about a quarter of it when the municipality of Brasilândia de Minas was spun off as a separate city in 1995. João Pinheiro is about four times the size of the Saarland.
history
The first inhabitants of the area were Indios from the extinct tribe of the Cataguás . Later, escaped slaves from the mines of Paracatu and Goiás were added.
Around 1818 a small village was founded by Bandeirantes and Tropeiros , the wandering cattle drovers and carters who roamed the country, who were on the way to the area of the Goiás captaincy ( Capitanía de Goiás ). Some of them settled on a hill in what is now the municipality, attracted by cattle breeding and the discovery of diamonds in the Rio Santo Antônio river .
The city was given the name Sant 'Ana dos Alegres , this was one of the early names of the primitive camp that at the time belonged to the diocese of Pernambuco, now the Archdiocese of Olinda e Recife . According to oral tradition that has not been verified , there was a curraleiro ox called Alegre who lived near the site. He often went to the camp, the arraial, and stayed there all night and yelled, another version relates, he stayed there for hours. This habit fascinated everyone and this should form the origin of the name of the camp.
In 1873 the camp, which had meanwhile grown into a village, with the surrounding lands became the district of Paracatu as the Distrito de Santana dos Alegres . In 1911 it was elevated to the status of a city, it was spun off from Paracatu and renamed to its current name as Município de João Pinheiro .
climate
The regional climate is typical of tropical species, with hot, humid summers and cold, dry winters. The wettest period is from December to February. The driest period is from June to August. The average total rainfall is 1300 mm, of which about 70% is concentrated in summer. The thermal average values show a maximum temperature of 28.6 ° C, a minimum temperature of 15.6 ° C and average values over the year of 23.9 ° C.
According to the National Institute for Meteorology (Inmet), the lowest temperature recorded in João Pinheiro was 3.8 ° C, it was measured on July 23, 1973. The highest measured temperature on October 6, 2005 was 39.8 ° C. The highest accumulated rainfall in 24 hours was recorded on December 17, 2011 and was 152.0 mm.
Culture
The city has a number of traditional festivals: the Cowboy Festival in April, a city festival in September and the Carnival in October, outside of the actual carnival season.
City administration
Since the local elections in Brazil in 2016, the executive has been exercised by Edmar Xavier Maciel of the Partido Democrático Trabalhista (PDT) for the 2017-2020 term. The legislature lies with a city council ( câmara municipal ) made up of 13 elected representatives ( vereadores ).
The municipality has been divided into seven districts since 1983: João Pinheiro, Caatinga, Canabrava, Luizlândia, Olhos d'Água do Oeste, Santa Luzia da Serra and Veredas.
Population development
| year | Residents | city | country |
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| 1991 | 40,674 | 28,182 | 12,492 |
| 2000 | 41,368 | 32,424 | 8,944 |
| 2010 | 45,260 | 36,761 | 8,499 |
| 2019 | 47,452 | ? | ? |
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Source: IBGE (2011)
Ethnic composition
Ethnic groups according to the statistical classification of the IBGE (2000 with 41,368 inhabitants, 2010 with 45,260 inhabitants):
| group | Share 2000 |
Share 2010 |
annotation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brancos | 20,341 | 15.601 | Whites, descendants of Europeans |
| Pardos | 17,330 | 23,310 | Mixed races, mulattos , mestizos |
| Pretus | 3,314 | 5,207 | black |
| Amarelos | 154 | 1,091 | Asians |
| Indigenous people | 68 | 51 | indigenous population |
| without specification | 161 | - |
Source: SIDRA
Average income and standard of living
The monthly average income in 2017 was a factor of 1.9 of the Brazilian minimum wage ( Salário mínimo ) of R $ 880.00 (around € 378). The Human Development Index (HDI) is rated as average at 0.697 for 2010. In 2017, 12,196 people or 25% of the population were registered as permanent employees; 35.4% of the population had an income of half the minimum wage in 2010.
| HDI | ||||
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| year | Points | |||
| 1991 | 0.419 | |||
| 2000 | 0.581 | |||
| 2010 | 0.697 | |||
The gross national product per capita in 2017 was R $ 29,986.86, the gross national product of the municipality was R $ 146,188,936.00 in 2017.
Illiteracy rate
João Pinheiro had an illiteracy rate of 29.75% in 1991 , which had already fallen to 13.9% in the 2010 census. Around 25.6% of the population in 2010 were children and adolescents up to the age of 15.
| Illiteracy rate | ||||
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| year | percent | |||
| 1991 | 29.75 | |||
| 2000 | 20.40 | |||
| 2010 | 13.86 | |||
literature
- Giselda Shyrley Santos, Maria Célia Silva Gonçalves, Vandeir José da Silva: Livro Histórias e Memórias: Experiências Compartilhadas em João Pinheiro . Patrimônio Cultural de João Pinheiro, João Pinheiro 2011, ISBN 978-85-65227-00-1 (Brazilian Portuguese, academia.edu - history of the city, illustrated).
Web links
- City Prefecture João Pinheiro website, Citizens Portal , Prefeitura Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
- City Council website , Câmara Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ João Pinheiro climate: average temperature, weather by month, João Pinheiro weather averages. In: de.climate-data.org. Climate-Data.org, accessed April 6, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c IBGE : João Pinheiro - Panorama. Updated statistics. Retrieved September 2, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ a b Edinho 12 (Prefeito). In: todapolitica.com. Eleições 2016, accessed April 6, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ João Pinheiro: Histórico. IBGE , accessed September 2, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ Oiliam José: Indígenas de Minas Gerais. Aspectos sociais, políticos, etnológicos . Edições Movimento - Perspectiva, Belo Horizonte 1965, p. 19–22 (Portuguese, wdfiles.com [PDF]).
- ↑ Livro Histórias e Memórias: Experiências Compartilhadas em João Pinheiro. João Pinheiro 2011, p. 18.
- ↑ Inmet information page ( Memento from January 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Galeria dos Vereadores. In: oaopinheiro.mg.leg.br. Câmara Municipal João Pinheiro - MG, March 31, 2017, accessed April 6, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ a b Atlas do desenvolvimento humano no Brasil - João Pinheiro (MG) . Retrieved April 6, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ IBGE : Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA: Tabela 2093. Retrieved on April 6, 2020 (Portuguese, database query, search terms João Pinheiro and Cor ou raça).
- ↑ João Pinheiro - Panorama - Trabalho e rendimento. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed April 6, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ João Pinheiro - Produto Interno Bruto dos Municípios. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed April 6, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).