Joaquín Jovellar Soler

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Joaquín Jovellar y Soler

Joaquín Jovellar y Soler (born December 28, 1819 in Palma , † April 17, 1892 in Madrid ) was a Spanish general , politician and Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) .

biography

Isabella II's military career and reign

After finishing school, he trained as an officer at the military academy. During the First Carlist War he rose to first lieutenant (Alférez). In 1842 he began his military service in Cuba as a captain ( Capitán ) . After his return he was in 1851 an employee in the War Ministry and as such in 1853 promoted to major .

During the Spanish-Moroccan War from 1859 to 1860, he was private secretary to the Commander in Chief of the Spanish Armed Forces in Morocco , General Leopoldo O'Donnell . On March 23, 1860 he was appointed colonel by the latter after being wounded during the battle of Wadel Ras. In 1863 he was first promoted to Brigadier General ( Brigadier ) before he was appointed Undersecretary of State in the War Ministry in 1864. During the unrest in the following years he took part in combat despite his position, where he was wounded several times in June 1866 during the street battles as part of the sergeant uprising in Madrid. In recognition of his military achievements there, he was appointed major general in 1866.

In September 1868 he joined the revolution ( La Gloriosa ), which ultimately led to the overthrow of Queen Isabella II .

Reign of King Amadeus and First Republic

On May 22, 1871 he was elected senator , where he represented the province of Huesca for the electoral periods from 1871 to 1872 and 1872 .

From Isabella's successor, King Amadeus , he was promoted to Lieutenant General ( Teniente General ) in 1872 . As such, he was sent back to Cuba in the fall of 1873, where he was from November 1873 to December 1874 Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces ( Capitán General ) and Governor . During his tenure, an international conflict arose when he ordered the detention of the ship "Virginus" , whose crew he accused of supporting rebels. The execution of several crew members, including English and American nationals , which he subsequently ordered , brought Spain to the brink of war with the United States.

Reign of King Alfonso XII.

On his return to Spain he was appointed Commander in Chief of the Central Army in the fight against the Carlist to support the proclamation of Alfonso XII. secure the new king through Arsenio Martínez-Campos . Then he was appointed Minister of War ( Ministro de Guerra ) on December 31, 1874 in the cabinet of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo , to which he was a member until the end of his term on September 12, 1875.

Subsequently, on September 12, 1875, he was appointed his successor and himself Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) . In his government, which was in office until December 21, 1875, he himself took over the office of Minister of War again. During his tenure, he was responsible for organizing the first elections to the Constituent Assembly after the restoration of the monarchy.

On January 20, 1876, he was elected member of Parliament ( Congreso de los Diputados ) as a representative of Huesca .

Following this, he was again Captain General and Governor of Cuba from January to October 1876. In the electoral term from 1876 to 1877 he was again a member of the Senate as representative of the province of Huesca. On April 10, 1877, he was appointed by royal decree for his political and military merits to senator for life ( Senador Vitalicio ). In 1878 he was also awarded the rank of captain general of the armed forces ( Capitán General del Ejército ) for life.

On April 7, 1883 he was appointed Governor General of the Philippines . During his tenure in 1883, the annual compulsory service for the Spanish colonial administration was reduced from forty to fifteen days and a provincial tax was introduced. At the same time, plans were made for a railway on the main island of Luzon . In 1884 there was a visit to the southern Philippines and the official inauguration of the Jesuit observatory in Manila on the grounds of the Ateneo de Manila University . In the same year he introduced a personal Pfandbrief system ( Cédula Personal ) to replace the abolition of the tribute . He held the office of governor of the Philippines until April 1, 1885.

After his return to Spain, during the reign of Maria Christina of Austria , he was appointed Minister of War in the cabinet of Práxedes Mateo Sagasta on November 27, 1885 , of which he was a member until October 11, 1886. During this time, the republican uprising of Villacampa near Madrid was suppressed .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Senate between 1834 and 1923 - Senators , accessed June 7, 2017.
  2. ↑ Governors of Cuba
  3. ↑ List of Members of Parliament from 1810 to 1977
  4. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Guaita Martorell, Aurelio: "Capitanes y Capitanias Generales" , p. 42@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.cepc.es
  5. ^ Spanish Governors General of the Philippines
predecessor Office successor
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Prime Minister of Spain
1875 		Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
personal data
SURNAME Jovellar Soler, Joaquín
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jovellar y Soler, Joaquín (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish general, politician and Prime Minister of Spain
DATE OF BIRTH December 28, 1819
PLACE OF BIRTH Palma
DATE OF DEATH April 17, 1892
Place of death Madrid