Johann Caspar Schweizer

Johann Caspar Schweizer , also Johann Caspar Suicerus (born June 26, 1620 , different date June 26, 1619 in Frauenfeld ; † November 8, 1688 , different date December 29, 1684 in Zurich ) was a Swiss Protestant clergyman, philologist and university professor .

Life

family

Johann Caspar Schweizer was the son of Johann Rudolf Schweizer, also Johann Rudolf Schwyzer (* 1586), pastor and dean of the Frauenfeld chapter and his wife Susanna (née Lavater), a granddaughter of the Mayor of Zurich Johann Rudolf Lavater (1496 ) who was friends with Huldrych Zwingli -1557).

Johann Caspar Schweizer married Elisabetha († 1679), daughter of Konrad Keller, from Dießenhofen in 1644 ; they had three sons together, including Johann Heinrich Schweizer ; one of his descendants was the theologian Alexander Schweizer .

Career

Johann Caspar Schweizer attended schools in Zurich after he had been accepted into the alumnate with the help of the antist Johann Jakob Breitinger , whose students were destined for the clergy; one of his teachers was Jakob Wolf (1601–1641), who was a language teacher. In 1640 he received from the Examinatorenkonvent permission to visit foreign academies, whereupon he carried out his studies at the academies in Montauban and Saumur as well as at the University of Paris ; In Saumur he was particularly influenced by Professors Moyse Amyraut , Louis Cappel and Josué de La Place , who did not give their lectures according to the conservative doctrine of faith and were criticized as heterodox because of this freer transfer of knowledge , so that the Zurich residents initially recalled their relatives from Saumur in 1637 had.

He returned to Zurich in 1643 and, after passing his exams, became a pastor in Basadingen in autumn 1643 . In the summer of 1644, however, he was already a lecturer at the Collegium Humanitas in Zurich, and in 1646 he was appointed inspector of the alumnate and professor of the Hebrew language . In 1649 he received the professorship for catechetics and in 1656 the main professorship of Greek and Latin at the local college.

In 1660 he was appointed professor of Greek at the Collegium Carolinum , which was associated with a canon position at the Grossmünster . He worked there until he asked for his release in 1683 for health reasons.

He was also involved in the revision of the Zurich Bible in 1667.

His successor at the Collegium Carolinum and as canon was his son Johann Heinrich Schweizer .

In addition to his teaching post, he carried out the official correspondence of the Zurich clergy in the name of the Antistes and gave academic speeches, as well as being a book censor .

Since his school days he had a deep friendship with the orientalist and theologian Johann Heinrich Hottinger .

Journalism

Johann Caspar Schweizer published numerous individual works on Greek grammar , syntax and prosody as well as Christian archeology and wrote textbooks for students, including Sylloge vocum Novi Testamenti , which was published in 1648 and 1659 and in 1744 under the title Novi Testamenti dictionum sylloge Graeco-Latina by Johann Kaspar Hagenbuch was reissued.

Schweizer wrote his main philological work with Thesaurus ecclesiasticus, e Patribus Graecis ordine alphabetico exhibens quaecunque phrases, ritus, dogmata, haereses, & hujusmodi alia spectant , a lexicon on the language of the Greek church fathers , which was first published in two volumes in 1682 in Amsterdam ; In 1728 it appeared in the second edition, with contributions from his son, and in 1746 in Utrecht in the third edition. His work Symbolum Nicaeno-Constantinopolitanum ex antiquitate ecclesiastica illustratum was only published posthumously in 1718. His work Lexicon Hesychianum was not printed and is handwritten in the Zurich Central Library .

Fonts (selection)

• Novi Testamenti glossarium Graeco-Latinum . Tiguri, sumptibus Heideggeri, 1744.
• Novi Testamenti dictionum sylloge Graeco-latina . Tigurum: 1648.
• Syntaxis Graecae . Tigurum: 1651.
• Ratio Syntaxis Apud Graecos: Selectioribus; ex Novo maxime Foedere, & Ecclesiae primitivae Patrum Monimentis; illustrata Exemplis, usuique Linguae Graecae Studiosorum destinata . Tiguri: Bodmerus, 1651.
• Sacrarum observationum liber singularis . Tigurum: 1665
• Lexicon Graeco-Latinum et Latino-Graecum . Tiguri: Gessnerus, 1683.
• Suiceri Symbolum Niceno-Constantinopolitanum expositum et ex antiquitate ecclesiastica illustratum . Zurich 1718.
• Thesaurus ecclesiasticus, e Patribus Graecis ordine alphabetico exhibens quaecunque phrases, ritus, dogmata, haereses, & hujusmodi alia spectant .
  • Volume 1 . Amsterdam 1728.
  • Volume 2 . Amsterdam 1728.

literature

• Viktor Ryssel:  Suicerus, Johann Caspar . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 37, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, pp. 141-143.
• Johann Caspar Schweizer . In: 23rd New Year's paper on the best of the orphanage in Zurich . Zurich 1860.
• Johann Caspar Schweizer . In: Real Encyclopedia for Protestant Theology and Church , Volume 15. Gotha 1862.

Web links

• Christian Moser: Johann Caspar Schweizer. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Johann Caspar Schweizer . In: Digital portrait index .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Lavater, Hans Rudolf. Retrieved June 16, 2020 . 
2. ^ Protestant church newspaper for Protestant Germany . Reimer, 1878 ( google.de [accessed June 16, 2020]).