Johann Georg Neumann

Johann Georg Neumann - Contemporary copper engraving by Moritz Bodenehr

Johann Georg Neumann (born May 1, 1661 in Mörz ; † September 5, 1709 in Wittenberg ) was a German Lutheran theologian and church historian.

Life

Born as the son of Johann Georg Neumann, pastor in Mörz from 1653 to 1691, and his wife Maria (née Lobbin), he experienced his first childhood years in his place of birth. His father initially took over his training. After that he attended the grammar school in Zittau from 1676 , occupied himself with poetics and rhetoric, and learned the languages more intensively. On May 15, 1680 he moved into the University of Wittenberg . Since his father did not have large financial means to enable him to study, Neumann acquired the academic degree of a master's degree at the faculty of philosophy with the disputation "de copula propositionis" under Christian Donati on April 25, 1681 just one year after his admission .

During his student days he was accepted into the house of Michael Walther the Younger , through whose contact he was encouraged. In 1682 he went on an educational trip to Strasbourg with Christian Vater . When he returned to Wittenberg, he acquired the right to hold lectures at the university and on September 27, 1684 became an adjunct at the faculty of philosophy. Since his lectures were very popular, he was offered the professorship of poetics, which he took up on May 23, 1690 and which he filled the dean's office of the philosophical faculty in the winter semester of 1690 .

Nevertheless, Neumann wanted to devote himself to theology. After he was accepted as a candidate for theology with the disputation “de consursu Dei” (which is comparable to a baccalaureate in theology), he began to preach with great success. As a result, attention was drawn to him at the Dresden court, so that he was offered a position as court preacher and also a position in Lübeck , which he turned down with a view to pursuing an academic career. When his sponsor Michael Walther died in 1692, the theological faculty offered the opportunity to get a professorship.

He was then on 24 August 1692 licentiate in theology and a doctorate on 11 October of the same year under Kaspar extinguisher for doctor of theology. As a result, he took over the full fourth professorship at the theological faculty and thus administered the electoral scholarship holders. After twelve years, he moved up to the third professorship in 1706, becoming an assessor at the Wittenberg consistory . After a further rise he took over the post of provost at the Wittenberg Castle Church . He was also the administrator of the university library, which he had been entrusted with his professorship in poetics.

As a representative of Lutheran orthodoxy , he was a vehement opponent of the new ideas of pietism . He was actively involved in the controversies of the time and came out primarily with criticism of Philipp Jacob Spener . He wrote several versions of historical figures in the history of the Protestant church.

Neumann was married twice. Christiane Elisabeth Höltich (* 1674 in Wittenberg; † December 16 or 17, 1701, buried on December 26 in the town and parish church of St. Marien in Wittenberg), the daughter of Franz Heinrich Höltich and Sabina Dorothea Höltich, née Leyser ( * May 19, 1654 in Wittenberg; buried on June 1, 1702 at the altar of the town and parish church), daughter of Caspar Leyser , he married in April 1698. This marriage resulted in a son. Cristiane Elisabeth's mother, Sabina Dorothea (née Leyser, w. Höltich, w. Donati ) donated a grant, the Donatsche Stipendium , for the descendants of Johann Georg Neumann. After the death of Christiane Elisabeth, he married Beata Christina Leyser (born February 11, 1687 in Wittenberg) on February 22, 1703, daughter of Wilhelm Leyser II. And Christina Leyser, nee. Strauch, daughter of Augustin Strauch . Johann Georg had an older brother, Andreas Neumann (born February 27, 1657 in Mörz; † as pastor of Wittbrietzen on December 16, 1731), who was also married twice. Johann Georg's sister Salome married the Magister Johann Jahn and had with him the son Johann Wilhelm Jahn .

Johann Georg Neumann died of a ruptured tumor. He was buried on September 8, 1709 in the castle church , not far from the grave of Martin Luther . Kaspar Löscher and Gottlieb Wernsdorf the Elder gave him memorial speeches.

Fonts

De ratione dubitationis philosophicae
de indefferentia affectuum
de orginibus cognominum 1683
de dissimilitudine stuturae 1683
de spongia, ori Christi sdmota 1683
de jure naturae Hobbesiano
de syllogismi beneficio in oratione 1683
de Fausto praestigiatore 1683, 1693
de optima Reipublicae forma
de Philippo Arabe 1684
de retractationibus patrum ecclesiae 1685
de parallelis historicis 1685
de metaphrastris Novi Testamenti, 1686
de regibus Pontificis Romani stipendiariis, 1686
de Psalterio Salomonis, 1687
de simulatione morbi in causis civilibus
de methodo Augustiniana contra Walenburchios 1689
de parabola 1690
de imaginibus fluviorum
Positiones miscellaneae ex humanitate poetica 1690, 1691
de Chiliasino subtilissimo, generatim examinato, strictimque rejecto
de regno chiliastico, jam dudum praeterlapso
de seculo majoris revelationis
Sententia B. Lutheri de Judaeorum conversione
Sententia B. Lutheri de excidio Anti- Christ
de papatu ecclesiae orthodoxae
de Reformatismo, ecclesiae nostrae intentato
de passione Christi cruenta vicaria, 1696
de eo, quod in divinis distinguitur, contra Socinianos
de palma from Angelis non intervertenda, 1692
de descensu Christi ad inferos
de unctione omnia docente
de conditoribus symboli apostolici
de parallelisino scriptuarae
de audiendis doctoribus, etiam hypocritis, dum verbum Dei recte protitentur, 1697
de Petro a Petro alieno
de justiticatione contra quasdam corruptelas Novatorum
de auctoritate librorum symbolicorum
de termino salutis humanae peremtorio 1700
de statu controversiae in hypothesi de termino salutis humanae peremtorio
de disserentia actuum divinorum regenerationis, justificationis & sanctiticationis
de spe melioris vitae
de praeconio legis & evangelii in praxi assidue conjungendo
de termino gratiae divinae non nisi cum morte homnis elabente
de peccato sub spe veniae comisso
de missionariis Pontificiorum
de mensura paccatorum impleta, 1702
de fundamento benevoleniae Dei universalis, 1703, 1709
de emundatione sanuine Christi justistifica
de Schilo, principe pacis
de Huberianisimo falso nobis imputato
de praedestinatione & reprobatione infantum
de Christianismo Stoico, hodie redivivo
de bona intentione, plerorumque omnium sectariorum asylo, 1706, 1711
de poenitentia solenni
de be´rebeo ante victoriam
Articulus de justificatione, ut centrum Christiane fidei & lydius lapis dignoscendi haereticos & sectarios
de canone sacrae Scripturae obsignato, 1707
de trinitate Platonicorum vere & falso suspecta, 1708
Doctrina de regeneratione a corruptelis sectariorum nostri potissinium temporis vindicata
de Pseudo- apostolis veteri & recentiori ecclesiae insensis
de lege per fidem stabilita
de Deisino in Theosophia deprehenso, 1709
de praeconio evangelii ante diem extremum solenniter iterando
de fide aliena, 1709
de auctoritate clavis solventis & ligantis, hodie varie impugenta, 1699
de Pontifice Novi Testamenti, 1699, 1703
de illuminations, 1699
de perfectismo, regentitis tributo, 1699, 1706
de absolutione & confessione
de nexu & discimine donorum gratiae: ex Act. XXVI. 17, 18th 1699

Programs

de laude Poesos, 1690
de fidei analogia, 1693
de notis dignoscendi veros & falsos prophetas, 1693
de fide evangelica ad Svecos propagata, 1693
de paupertate Christi & aerario Apostolorum, 1693
de computo tridui, quod Christ in sepulchro traduxit, 1694
de quaestione: zuusne an lenitas ad componendas in ecclesia lites magis expediat?, 1694
de Theologorum reliquiis sancte asservandis, 1694
de Divinitate Christi prioribus tribus seculis sere extra controversiam posta, 1695
de orione Paschali S. Petri de resurrectione Christi, 1696
de adventu Christi, quam fidus sermo sit? I. Tim. I. 15.
de miraculo Jonae from empaectis vindicato, 1698
de Franaticorum effugio, quod in potentia Dei quaerunt, ubi de voluntate ejus nihil revelatum habent, 1699
de praetextu abusuum, quo innovandi pruritum exculpare soliti sunt Fanatici, 1700
de amphiboliis Fanaticorum, 1700
de fortibus biblicis Pietistarum, 1700
de auctore rixae in certamine Pietistico, 1702
de contradictione Spenero- Boesiana & Rechenbergina in Controversia de termino peremtorio, 1702
Disputatio pietistica cum M. Steinfeldio Hallensi habita 1702
de versitate resurrectiones Christi contra Celsum & Spinosam, 1702
To Christi natal Augusto eriam Rome. Imperatori innoturint 1703
de merito resurrectiones Christi contra Socinum vindicato 1704
de probatione spiritus Fanatici Johannea, 1705
de revelationum angelionum post excessum Apostolorum silentio, 1706
de meritis Regum Svecicorum in Academiam Wittenbergensem, 1706
de unctione Fanatica & vere Christiana, 1707
de angelo redemptore Contra Jo. Clericum, 1707
An impiis etiam Spiritus S. Quoddam illuminationes donum impertiat, 1709
de veteris ecclesiae more, quo nemini conserebatur Episcopi dignitas, nisi Lector aut Diaconus ante suisset, 1695
de officiis Theologiae cultoris, 1696
de resurrectione gemina contra Chiliastas novos, 1700
de contemtu Dei malorum omnium causa, 1706
Vita David Rungii, 1703
Vita D. Aegidii Hunni, 1704
Vita D. Leonh. Hutteri, 1706
Vita D. Georgii Mylii, 1707
Vita D. Fried. Balduini 1709
Vita Wolffg. Franzii, 1709
de magnitudine sacr. Natalitiorum Christi.
de resurrectione Platonica
de cognitione Dei
de illuminations

Sermons

Inaugural sermon in the castle church in Wittenberg about 2. Tim. III. 3rd 1692
Commemorative sermon at the Reformation Festival about Joh. V. 35, 1695
Commemorative sermon on the Reformation festival about 2 Cor. XI. 13-15. 1698
The, old sinners, unlocked, divine grace doors on the 22nd Sunday after the Trinity Festival, 1701
Orthodox Zion in the Last Times of the World, on the University Jubilee, 1702

Other writings

Oratio in Jubilaeum Svecicum. 1693
Oratio de tumulo, B. Lutheri adhuc inviolato, 1707
Chiliasmus subtilissimus, qui hodie ecclesiam infestare ccepit, Wittenberg 1694 editio quarta, 1715
Prodromus Anti-Spenerianus or brief discovery of the baseless cause of D. Speners, 1695
Discussion of the question of the termino salutis peremtorio or the time of grace appointed by God, 1700
Detailed discussion of the question of the divine date of grace, 1701
Synopsis errorum, quos fovent moderni Tremuli. Dispp. VIII., 1703
Primitiae Dissertionum Academicarum 1700, 1707
Programmata Academica Theologici potissimum & Historici argumenti 1707 4th edition 1722
Steadfast defense of his lessons against the heavenly prophets
Rescued honor
Theologia Aphoristica post B. Autoris mortem a. D. Jo Guil. Jano edita. 1710, 1718
Concerns from the new Stutgardian Bible

literature

Fritz Juhnke: Album Academiae Vitebergensis. Hall 1552.
Michael Ranfft : Life and writings of all Chursächsischen divine scholars. Deer, Leipzig 1742.
Neumann, (Johann George). In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 24, Leipzig 1740, column 248-250.
Walter Friedensburg : History of the University of Wittenberg. Niemeyer, Halle (Saale) 1917.
Johann Christoph Erdmann : Biographies and literary news from the Wittenberg theologians since the foundation of the university in 1502 until the third centenary secular celebration in 1802; from the registers and other credible documents. 4 parts. Zimmermann, Wittenberg 1804.
Gustav Frank: Neumann, Johann Georg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, p. 523.
Armin Koehnle, Beate Kusche: Book of Professors of the Theological Faculty of the University of Wittenberg 1502 to 1815/17. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig, 2016, ISBN 978-3-374-04302-6 , pp. 158–159

Web links

Commons : Johann Georg Neumann - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Entry at genealogy.net in GenWiki (listed pastors in Mörz)
^ Date of death , Christiane Elisabeth in the obituaries: once 16th, twice 17th.
↑ No. 84 on page 27 in Wittenberg's burial places and their monuments (1896) by Ernst Zitzlaff (digitized online)
↑ No. 85 on page 27 in Wittenberg's burial places and their monuments (1896) by Ernst Zitzlaff (digitized online)
↑ Entry in CERL Thesaurus
↑ Entry about the Donatsche Scholarship in The Prussian Universities: A Collection of Ordinances Concerning the Constitution and Administration of These Institutions from 1839 (Google Books)
^ Entry about the brother on the website of a genealogist
↑ Entry at genealogy.net in GenWiki (listed pastors in Mörz)
↑ No. 52 on page 13 in Wittenberg's burial places and their memorials (1896) by Ernst Zitzlaff (digitized online)

personal data
SURNAME	Neumann, Johann Georg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German Lutheran theologian and church historian
DATE OF BIRTH	May 1, 1661
PLACE OF BIRTH	Mörz
DATE OF DEATH	September 5, 1709
Place of death	Wittenberg

[1] Entry at genealogy.net in GenWiki (listed pastors in Mörz)

[2] Date of death , Christiane Elisabeth in the obituaries: once 16th, twice 17th.

[3] No. 84 on page 27 in Wittenberg's burial places and their monuments (1896) by Ernst Zitzlaff (digitized online)

[4] No. 85 on page 27 in Wittenberg's burial places and their monuments (1896) by Ernst Zitzlaff (digitized online)

[5] Entry in CERL Thesaurus

[6] Entry about the Donatsche Scholarship in The Prussian Universities: A Collection of Ordinances Concerning the Constitution and Administration of These Institutions from 1839 (Google Books)

[7] Entry about the brother on the website of a genealogist

[8] Entry at genealogy.net in GenWiki (listed pastors in Mörz)

[9] No. 52 on page 13 in Wittenberg's burial places and their memorials (1896) by Ernst Zitzlaff (digitized online)