Caspar Loescher
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Gedenktafel_J%C3%BCdenstr_37_%28Wittenberg%29_August_II._%28Polen%29_Caspar_L%C3%B6scher.jpg/220px-Gedenktafel_J%C3%BCdenstr_37_%28Wittenberg%29_August_II._%28Polen%29_Caspar_L%C3%B6scher.jpg)
Caspar Löscher (born May 8, 1636 in Werdau , † July 11, 1718 in Wittenberg ; also C (K) aspar Loescher ) was a German Lutheran theologian, assessor at the University of Leipzig, superintendent of Sondershausen and Zwickau, general superintendent of the Saxon spa district, professor of theology, dean of the theological faculty and rector of the University of Wittenberg.
Life
Born as the son of a butcher and citizen named Martin Löscher and his wife Regina (née Mörlin), he experienced the horrors of the Thirty Years' War in his childhood . At the age of seven he lost his father and had to support his mother in the war for survival. His physical development suffered as a result of those events, so that he was often ailing and there was little hope in the eyes of those around him that something would become of him.
However, Löscher had good intellectual abilities. The rector of the Werda school became aware of this and laid a good reason for Löscher by studying the Latin and Greek languages so that he could attend the city school in Naumburg . There he expanded his vocabulary and gained insight into poetry and other school sciences at that time.
In 1656 he moved to the University of Leipzig . After a certain period of study, he was accepted into Samuel Lange's house as a teacher for his children. Promoted by this, he soon obtained his bachelor's degree , in 1660 the academic degree of master's degree at the philosophical faculty and was habilitated as an adjunct at the philosophical faculty with the disputation "de fabuloso Fabricii purgatorio" . Löscher wanted to devote himself to theology and so that he could also give lectures at the theological faculty, he acquired the degree of Baccalaureus in theology in 1662. In 1665 he paved his way to the position of assessor at the theological faculty with the disputation "pro Loco" and often attacked the burgeoning syncretism in his lectures .
After a guest sermon in Sondershausen on November 22, 1667, he was offered the position of senior pastor and superintendent there. However, he did not accept this until June 19, 1668, as he had previously acquired the academic degree of licentiate in theology on February 12, 1668 . He was ordained to this office on June 24th and gave his entrance sermon on November 12th. On March 23, 1670 took over the supervision of the training in the Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen .
After being in Leipzig in 1674 for doctor of theology doctorate , he became pastor at 1676 Predigerkirche in Erfurt , which was associated with the task of an inspector at the local high school. However, in Erfurt he got into religious disputes with a Jesuit named Schönemann, so that in 1679 he accepted an appointment to Zwickau , where he also became pastor and superintendent. Despite the plague in Zwickau, he turned down a request for an appointment to Danzig .
Instead, he took up the post of general superintendent of the district in Wittenberg in 1687. This was linked to the task of consistorial assessor and professor of theology at the University of Wittenberg . Here he has 15 times the Dean's office of the theological faculty, several times administered the rectorate of the university, was eight years senior of the theological faculty and held the first professorship at the theological faculty for twelve years. As a representative of pure Lutheran doctrine , he took an active part in the pietistic and terministic disputes. He was also active in church history and wrote some writings on it. After he died at the age of 83, he was buried on August 14 with a large attendance. Gottlieb Wernsdorf the Elder gave him a funeral speech in Latin , which also appeared in print.
family
Löscher was married twice. His first marriage was on April 24, 1670 in Gehren with Anna Sophia (died March 28, 1649 in Gehren; † June 19, 1670 in Sondershausen), the daughter of the princely Schwarzburg council and bailiff Laurentius Andreas Rothe and his wife Susanna Magaretha (nee Schultze from Lohra). In 1672 he married Eleophene Salome (* 1657; † January 15, 1717 in Wittenberg), the daughter of the monastery superintendent of Merseburg Valentin Sittig. Twelve children were born from the marriages. The following are known:
- Valentin Ernst Löscher ,
- Christian Wilhelm (born December 29, 1673 in Sondershausen; † October 4, 1746) Dr., Hofrat in Weimar, Commissioner in Lübben , m. May 17, 1700 with Maria Dorothea Reyher (July 21, 1683 - August 10, 1758)
- Anton Günther (born May 11, 1675 in Sondershausen) Dr. Princely Saxon Chamber Consultant in Merseburg, married. before 1702 with Dorothea Louisa Reyher
- Johann Kaspar Löscher (Superintendent in Leißnig)
- Friedrich Gottlieb (born September 11, 1678 in Erfurt) Dr. jur. Legal counsel in Weimar, married. July 9, 1709 with Elisabeth Augusta Reyer (born January 22, 1691)
- Martin Gotthelf Löscher (Prof. Physics and Medicine in Wittenberg)
- Johanna Salome (born January 21, 1683 in Zwickau)
- Christina Sophia (born June 14, 1686 in Zwickau, † June 20, 1732 in Wittenberg) married. 1704 with Georg Friedrich Schröer ,
- Eleophe Salome (born September 21, 1688 in Wittenberg) married. with the heir to Dabrun Johann Paul Oberkampf
- Daniel Ephraim (born April 4, 1690 in Wittenberg) was legal counsel in Erfurt
- Regina Charitas (born April 5, 1691 in Wittenberg, † July 5, 1757 in Sulza) married. 1710 with monastery superintendent in Merseburg Heinrich Gottlieb Schneider (born June 10, 1682 in Halberstadt; † July 26, 1728 in Merseburg)
Works (selection)
Dissertations
- de fabuloso Fabricii purgatorio, Leipzig 1660
- de Numo Scorteo, Leipzig 1661
- Ecloga de engastrimythis, Leipzig 1663
- de Behemoth, Leipzig 1664
- de praedicatione generaliter & formaliter considerata, Leipzig
- de probatione rerum dubarum per ignem facta, Leipzig 1665
- de Eunuchis, Leipzig 1666
- de suppositione, Leipzig 1666
- de metempsychosi Pythagorica, Leipzig 1666
- de concursu causae primae cum secundis, Leipzig 1667
- de natura Leipzig 1667
- de Calvinianis, quod nullum habeant articulum fidei, pro Licentia, Leipzig 1668
- de pericopis Evangelicis & Epistolicis: Disp. Synodalis, Sondershausen 1668
- Decades duae selectiorum de religione theasium: Disp. Synoadalis. Zwickau, 1679
- Decades duae selectiorum de religione thesium: Disp. Synodalis, Zwickau 1684
- Harmonia Theologica in locis de Theologia & Verbo Dei, Zwickau 1685
- Sorex Romanus suo se indicio prodens, h. E. Traditiones Pontificatiae semt ipsos evertentes, Wittenberg 1687
- De voce Personae ejusdemque in fidei articualis usu & abusu. Wittenberg 1688
- De domestico adversariorum veritatis dissensu, Wittenberg 1690
- De traditionibus Pontificiis, quae ex propriis Pontificiorum fundamentis evertuntur, Wittenberg 1691
- To muti & surdi ad. S. Coenam sint admittendi?, Wittenberg 1692
- De fidei vita & morte, Wittenberg 1692
- Repetitio doctrinae de visionibus, Wittenberg 1693
- Scylla & Charybdis interpretibus aeque ac concionatoribus vitandae, Wittenberg 1694
- De consensu orthodoxo in loco de Christo Disp. I., Wittenberg 1694
- De vulneribus Christi singularia, Wittenberg 1697
- De consensu orthodoxo in loco de Christo, Disp. III, Wittenberg 1698
- De arbore scientiae boni & mali., Wittenberg 1700
- De homine per mortem a peccatis justificato, ad Rome. VI. 7th, Wittenberg 1701
- Harmonia ecclesiatstica in exemplis dubiis miscellaneis, Wittenberg 1702
- De nomine regenerationis ejusque usu & abusu., Wittenberg 1702
- De quibusdam propositionibus apparenter contradictoriis. Wittenberg 1704
- De legis termino, ad Gal. III. 29. Wittenberg 1706
- Hypomnemata Symbolica, Wittenberg 1709
- Praeterita Symbolica., Mountain 1710
- Quod Theologia a Logica non fit separanda, Wittenberg 1711
- Lutherus Anti-Pietista, Wittenberg 1716
Books and tracts
- Sincere opposition to EVRH, Leipzig 1665
- Embarrassed rags, which BS brought to Marckte in his summary reports, Leipzig 1666
- Obex Calvinianorum Syncretismo positus, Leipzig 1669
- Tractratus de latrociniis Pontificiorum in concilia, canones, Patres & alios Scriptores publicos commissis, Leipzig 1674
- Erfurt treasure, Erfurt 1677
- Faith Acting Through Love, Zwickau 1681
- Palladium Calvinianis ereptum, Wittenberg 1688
- Absolution formulas, Zwey Theile, Leipzig 1690, 1731
- Nucleus SS. Theologiae, Wittenberg 1694
- Amoenitates Evangelicae, Wittenberg 1696
- Opened death chamber, Wittenberg 1697
- Consensus orthodoxus sive Harmonia ecclesiastica in loco de Christo, Wittenberg 1698
- Theologia Thetica, Wittenberg 1701
literature
- Michael Ranfft : Life and writings of all Chursächsischen divine scholars . Wolfgang Deer, Leipzig 1742
- Continued collection of old and new theological matters to the year 1720. Johann Friedrich Braun, Leipzig, 1721, p. 842 ff. ( Online )
- Walter Friedensburg : History of the University of Wittenberg . Max Niemeyer publishing house, Halle (Saale) 1917
- Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : General lexicon of scholars . 3rd part, column 1495
- Löscher, (Casp). In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 18, Leipzig 1738, columns 171-173.
- Armin Koehnle, Beate Kusche: Book of Professors of the Theological Faculty of the University of Wittenberg 1502 to 1815/17. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig, 2016, ISBN 978-3-374-04302-6 , pp. 126–128
Web links
- Publications by and about Caspar Löscher in VD 17 .
- Works by and about Caspar Löscher in the German Digital Library
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Löscher, Caspar |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Loescher, Kaspar; Loescher, Caspar |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German Lutheran theologian, university professor, university rector |
DATE OF BIRTH | May 8, 1636 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Werdau |
DATE OF DEATH | July 11, 1718 |
Place of death | Wittenberg |