Johann Hermann Schmincke

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Johann Hermann Schmincke (born August 23, 1684 in Kassel ; † July 18, 1743 there ) was a German historian and professor at the University of Marburg .

family

Schmincke came from an Evangelical Reformed family. His father was Johannes Schmincke (1658–1725), pastor in Dörnhagen and Lohne . His mother was Martha Elisabeth nee Weizel († 1744), daughter of Henrich Weizel, cook at the landgrave's court in Kassel, and Anna Jacobine Leuner. His ancestors came from the villages of Besse and Gleichen .

He was married to Katharina Elisabeth (1688–1743), daughter of Dr. jur. Wilhelm Müldner (1649–1701), Mayor of Kassel; his son Friedrich Christoph Schmincke became a librarian with Landgrave Friedrich II in Kassel.

Scientific career

From 1700 he studied languages, philosophy and Reformed theology in Marburg and then for six years at the Dutch universities of Franeker , Utrecht and Leiden , also history, church history, classical studies and constitutional law . In 1708 he accompanied the son of a Kassel government councilor to study at the universities of Utrecht and Leiden as a private tutor. During his stays in the Netherlands he came into contact with Georg von Eccard , Johann Albert Fabricius and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz .

In 1712 he became professor of history and eloquence at the University of Marburg; the inaugural lecture took place on November 2, 1713. In 1715 he also received a teaching position for heraldry . In his publications he also used the Latinized forms of the name Johann Hermann Schminckius and Johannes Hermannus Schminckius . One focus of his research was the early medieval history and the prehistory of Hesse .

In 1714 the treatise " De urnis sepulchralibus et armis lapideis veterum Cattorum " appeared. Their authorship is controversial. She assigns the most thorough investigation to Schmincke. This dissertation was a milestone in the history of archeology . The subject of the dissertation was the finds from the excavation on the Mader Heide in 1708. For the first time, the editor went beyond the approach of appending them to known text sources. Rather, he tried to use the finds themselves as a source, just as archeology as a science still does today. The author clearly recognized a stratigraphy of the findings and interpreted it as a chronological sequence. He concluded from this that the burial site found would continue from the Chattas to Christianization . This was a considerable methodological progress, even if the interpretation of the findings according to the state of knowledge at the time no longer stands up to today's standards. The excavation on the Mader Heide and Schmincke's dissertation are considered to be the origin of modern Hessian prehistoric research because of this new methodological approach . The work was therefore widely received in the specialist literature.

Landgrave Karl von Hessen-Kassel , who was also very interested in history , appointed Schmincke in 1717 as the historiographer of Hessen to succeed Karl Ludwig Tollner . Schmincke moved to Kassel in 1722 at the latest, where he was appointed councilor , librarian and inspector of the Kunsthaus. He remained an honorary professor and member of the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Marburg until his death.

Publications (selection)

  • De urnis sepulchralibus et armis lapideis veterum Cattorum . Leipzig 1714 ( digitized ).
  • De antiqitatibus Friteslariensibus . 1715.
  • Dissertatio historiae secunda de antiqitatibus Friteslariensibus . 1715.
  • Dissertatio historiae tertia de antiqitatibus Friteslariensibus . 1715.
  • De episcopatu Buraburgensi in Hassia. 1717 ( digitized version ).
  • In vitatis ad academiae proceus et cives, ut intersint orationi de origine et fatis academiae Marburgensis, quam habebit Johann Wilhelm Kraftius.
  • De origine et migratione Turedrum
  • Dissertatio historica De Wenceslao, Rege Romanorum . 1719 ( digitized version ).
  • De Aldarico seu Athico duce Alsatiae num fuerit Lendesti Majoris Domus filius? . 1720.
  • De Pereximiis commedis quae in Ecclesiam et Rem publ. Hassiacam et Reformativae Sacrorum redundant . 1722.
  • Programma quo invitat ad audiendem Inauguratem de insenia atheorum, qua munus suum rite auspicabitur Franciscus Ulricus Ries . 1722.
  • De cultu religioso arboris Jovis praesertium in Hassia . 1740.
  • Historical investigation by Des Otto Schützen, Gebohrnen Printzen von Hessen, incidents at the Clevischer Hof. Explained from documents that have never been printed, and provided with many annotations, in which various chronological and genealogical errors are discovered at the same time . Kassel 1746 ( digitized version ).

literature

  • Friedrich Wilhelm Strieder: Basis for a Hessian scholar and writer story . Vol. 13 (1802), pp. 127-130.
  • Georg Winter:  Schmincke, Johann Hermann . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 32, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, pp. 34-36.
  • Franz Gundlach: Catalogus professorum academiae Marburgensis . Vol. 1 (1927), No. 568.
  • Wilhelm Niemeyer (Hrsg.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation on the funerary urns and stone weapons of the old Chatten from the year 1714. 250 years of prehistoric research in Kurhessen (= Kurhessische Boden antiques, Vol. 4). Marburg 1964.
  • Wilhelm Niemeyer: Afterword by the editor . In: ders. (Ed.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation on the funerary urns and stone weapons of the old Chatten from the year 1714. 250 years of prehistoric research in Kurhessen (= Kurhessische Bodenaltertümer, Vol. 4). Marburg 1964, pp. 58-68.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Also Johann Osterling (1691-1751), a student of Schmincke is called as an author.
  2. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 66f, lists 29 works with the years of publication 1719 to 1960 that refer to them.
  3. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library , shelfmark: VII a B 7n, 7.
  4. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library, call number: XVIII a B 2325.783.
  5. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library, call number: VIII B 1186.
  6. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library, call number: VIII B 1065g. 1717.
  7. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library, call number: VII 1 b.
  8. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library, call number: VIIa 137n, 1.
  9. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library, call number: XVIIIa B 2325.898.
  10. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library, call number: VII B.
  11. ↑ Available in Marburg University Library, call number: XVIIIa B 2325, 783.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 60.
  2. ↑ LAGIS.
  3. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 60.
  4. ↑ LAGIS.
  5. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 60.
  6. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 60.
  7. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 60.
  8. ↑ LAGIS.
  9. ↑ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 59.
  10. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 63.
  11. ↑ Schmincke: De urnis sepulchralibus , pp. 11, 24f.
  12. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 63.
  13. ^ Niemeyer (eds.): Johann Hermann Schminckes and Johannes Österling's dissertation , p. 66f.
personal data
SURNAME Schmincke, Johann Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schminckius, Johann Hermann; Schminckius, Johannes Hermannus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian and professor at the University of Marburg
DATE OF BIRTH 23 August 1684
PLACE OF BIRTH kassel
DATE OF DEATH July 18, 1743
Place of death kassel