Johann Michael Armbruster

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Johann Michael Armbruster (born November 1, 1761 in Sulz am Neckar ; † January 14, 1814 in Vienna ), Karl's pupil , Secretary Lavaters (1782–1786), writer and publicist followed the West Austrian government to Vienna as an opponent of the French Revolution and Napoleon , There he was most recently court secretary. The City of Vienna honors him and his son Carl as the founder of the first public lending library.

Life and life's work

Johann Michael Armbruster, married to Anna Elisabeth Wiel (1768–1811) from Zurich, was born on November 1, 1761 in Sulz a. N. was born as the son of the rose innkeeper and butcher of the same name and his wife Friederike Kapf and baptized Protestant. His godparents were the clerk Johann Ulrich Kapf, the councilor and leather dealer Daniel Schmid and Elisabeth Hartstein, the wife of the Rappenwirt. He spent the first six years of his life in Sulz, where his parents ran a farm in addition to the “Zur Rose” inn. In 1767 the father and the family moved to the domain Bronnhaupten in the Balingen office , which was the ducal rentkammergut. All we know about his upbringing is that Pastor Friedrich Hafner zu Aichelberg taught him and that he did not read Robinson Crusoe with greed, but devoured him. On November 8, 1775, he was accepted into the High Charles School as a “pupil of beautiful garden art” . Allegedly he was Schiller's classmate , for whom he had great sympathy. After his discharge from military school on November 1, 1779, he was employed in the ducal gardens around Hohenheim Palace . His first attempts at writing took place in those years. Inwardly dissatisfied, he turned to Pastor Johann Caspar Lavater in Zurich , who employed him as a secretary and supported him materially and spiritually. He gave Armbruster the impetus for a journalistic career. After marrying Anna Elisabeth Wiel (* 1768 Zurich, † August 28, 1811), he separated from Lavater. Armbruster was very productive literarily in those years. Since 1784 he published poetry ("Poetisches Portefeuille", "Gedichte", "Mixed poems"), since 1790 prose ("Romantic stories and sketches") and the play Louise Müller and the Hofmeisterin. In 1785 he was arrested in Zurich because of a comment in his Schwäbisches Museum magazine on the Schiller quote "Reis' du ins Graubündnerland, this is the Athens of today's crooks" and "filthy disrespectful criticism" by the canton of Solothurn. Once again at large he had to leave Switzerland with his family and settled in Constance .

In Constance he edited the newspapers "Wochenblatt" and "Deutsche Annalen" with great publicity. In 1793 he founded the “Volksfreund” there, a patriotic paper in the spirit of the Austrian government. Taken into the Austrian civil service by the regional president of Upper Austria, Joseph Thaddäus von Sumerau , he followed this after the French invasion to Vienna, where he was first appointed censor (1802) and finally Austrian court secretary (1805). In 1800 he was the domestic editor of the Wiener Zeitung . In 1808 he founded the magazine Vaterländische Blätter (1809–1813) in Vienna , in which he called for a revolt against Napoleon. He also published the literary magazine "Der Wanderer" (1809). His work “Who is an Austrian warrior in spirit and in truth?” (Vienna 1813) moved into the center of political life in Vienna. Exposed to hostility, he ended his life with a pistol shot on January 14, 1814. In 1894 Wiener Strasse in Heiligenstadt was renamed Armbrustergasse .

meaning

Johann Michael Armbruster journalistically attacked the French Revolution. With the "Vaterländische Blätter für den Österreichischen Kaiserstaat" (1809-13) he exerted significant influence on the entire provincial press and played a decisive role in the preparation of the fight against Napoleon.

swell

  • HStAS A 272 Hohe Karlsschule 1767–1804 Bü 274 pupils: born 1775 / 1775-1787

Works (catalog of the German National Library)

  • Johann Michael Armbruster (ed.): Schwäbisches Museum magazine 1785–1786
  • Vers .: Register of sins of the French (reprint of the 1797 edition), 2016, ISBN 978-3-7411-1915-6 .
  • Ders .: Newspaper Der Aufrichtige Bote from Swabia, 1799–1800, (digitized) Göttingen 2012.

Web links

literature

personal data
SURNAME Armbruster, Johann Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Writer, publicist and court secretary
DATE OF BIRTH November 1, 1761
PLACE OF BIRTH Sulz am Neckar
DATE OF DEATH January 14, 1814
Place of death Vienna