Johann Schwebel

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Schwebel's coat of arms ( alliance coat of arms ?) From his grave from the Zweibrücken Alexander Church (destroyed in World War II)

Johann Schwebel (* 1490 in Pforzheim ; † May 19, 1540 in Zweibrücken ), own spelling: Schweblin , was a German theologian and reformer .

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Schwebel was probably born in Pforzheim in 1490 as the son of a furrier who immigrated from Bavaria . He attended the Latin school there - an important center for young humanists from all over southwest Germany, many of whom later joined the Reformation - and studied in Tübingen , Leipzig and Heidelberg , where he passed a legal exam in 1513. He returned to Pforzheim and worked there as a religious priest in the Heilig-Geist-Spital . Under the influence of Philipp Melanchthon , among others , he got to know Luther's writings and criticized above all the use of church funds. In 1522 he had to leave Pforzheim because of his critical stance and sought refuge with Franz von Sickingen on the Ebernburg (together with the reformers Martin Bucer , Johannes Oekolampad and Kaspar Hedio ). As successor to Martin Bucer, he presumably briefly served as pastor in Landstuhl , but went to Zweibrücken as early as 1523 . Together with the Swiss reformers around Zwingli , Schwebel traveled to the Marburg Religious Discussion in 1529 .

When the hesitant Duke Ludwig died and a more determined representative of Protestantism took his place with the regent Ruprecht as guardian of the underage Duke Wolfgang , the way was clear for Schwebel in 1533 to publish his Protestant church regulations for the Duchy of Pfalz-Zweibrücken , which from then on in should be binding on all parishes.

Schwebel was a signatory of the Augsburg Confession and, in the wake of Martin Bucer, of the Wittenberg Agreement . In terms of theology and church politics, the leading Strasbourg theologians (Bucer, Hedio, Capito ) , who settled between Luther and Zwingli, were an essential point of reference; Nikolaus Gerbel was also a lifelong advisor and supporter , a Pforzheim childhood friend, humanist and strict Lutheran who was also based in Strasbourg.

Schwebel was married at least twice. His last marriage was his son Heinrich Schwebel , who later became Chancellor of the Duchy of Zweibrücken and published a four-volume printed edition of his father's works (one volume of Latin works, two volumes of German works, one volume of letters).

Schwebel died of the plague in 1540.

plant

  • Centuria epistolarum theologicarum ad Johannem Schwebelium, Zweibrücken 1597
  • The first and second parts of all German books and writings of the godly teacher, Mr. Johannis Schwebelii, Zweibrücken 1597 and 1598
  • Operum Theologicorum D. Johannis Schwebelii Theologi Bipontini Pars Prima, Zweibrücken 1598 (2nd edition 1608 - second volume never appeared).
  • Emil Sehling (Greetings): The Evangelical Church Orders of the 16th Century. Volume 18: Rhineland-Palatinate I, arr. v. Thomas Bergholz. Tübingen (Verlag Mohr-Siebeck) 2006 (contains several works by Schwebel, including the two church ordinances of 1533 and 1539).
  • Johannes Schweblin, German writings, ed. by Bernhard H. Bonkhoff. With a historical-theological introduction by Thomas Hohenberger, Speyer 2009.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Schwebel, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schweblin, Johannes; Sueblin, Johannes; Schweblius, Johannes; Schwebelius, Johannes; Schwäblin, Johann; Schwöblin, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian
DATE OF BIRTH 1490
PLACE OF BIRTH Pforzheim
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 1540
Place of death Zweibrücken