Johann Wilhelm von Reden
Johann Wilhelm von Reden (also: Johann Wilhelm von Reden-Stemmen ; * March 7, 1717 in Hanover ; † January 8, 1801 ibid) was field marshal of the Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg .
Life
He was the ninth child of Oberhofmarschall Franz Johann von Reden (1679-1758) and his wife Elisabeth, born from the Busche († March 1, 1748) from the Haddenhausen family.
Reden served as an officer in the infantry. When the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg entered the Seven Years' War in the spring of 1757 and the Duke of Cumberland took over command of the Allied Army on April 23, von Reden became the latter's adjutant general . In the same role he stood by his successor, Duke Ferdinand von Braunschweig , until the end of the campaign and earned the reputation of a reliable, conscientious and zealous officer who took care of all the business that came his way to the complete satisfaction of his boss. It was one of the duties of his office to do whatever was necessary for the internal service of the troops, regardless of which of the many contingents that made up the army they belonged to.
He issued the orders on behalf of the duke and in his own name. At the beginning of the war he was still a colonel , during which von Reden had risen further, in 1759 to major general and in 1762 to lieutenant general ; Duke Ferdinand had already suggested him after the happy battle of Vellinghausen (July 15/16, 1761); King George III but hesitated to approve the proposal because of his seniority. When Field Marshal Christian Ludwig von Hardenberg died in 1781 , von Reden headed the Hanoverian army as general of the infantry and commanding general of the entire troops . In 1784 he was also promoted to field marshal. After the French troops invaded the German Reich in 1792 during the First Coalition War and the Imperial War was declared by order of the Reichstag in Regensburg , for which the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg also provided its contingent, von Reden felt the demands of his old age no longer grown; on October 18, 1792, he resigned the supreme command and died in Hanover on January 8, 1801.
His comrade-in-arms from the Seven Years' War, Martin Ernst von Schlieffen , labels him with the words "always appreciated, where known".
plant
His diary, published in three parts, contains more information about his activities. It was edited by his son-in-law Colonel Wilhelm August von der Osten under the title Campaign of the Allied Army in the years 1757 to 1763. Hamburg 1805-1806.
literature
- Wilhelm Rothert : v. Reden-Stemmen, Joh. Wilh. , in ders .: General Hannoversche Biographie , Volume 3: Hannover under the Kurhut 1646–1815 . Sponholtz, Hannover 1916, p. 513
- Bernhard von Poten : speeches, Johann Wilhelm von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 27, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, p. 515 f.
- Hamburg magazine. Volume 8, 1751, p. 646, digital copy of the noble family of the gentlemen von Reden
- Klaus Mlynek : Reden-Reden, (2) Johann Wilhelm , in: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , S: 294
Individual evidence
- ↑ n.v . : Reden, Johann Wilhelm von in the database of Niedersächsische Personen ( new entry required ) of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library - Lower Saxony State Library [undated], last accessed on December 9, 2019
- ↑ He erroneously writes the name "Rheden": messages from some houses of the family of the v. Sleeping. Cassel 1784, p. 446. Digitized
- ^ Wilhelm August von der Osten (Ed.): Campaigns of the Allied Army in the years 1757 to 1762 . according to the diary of the adjutant general, later Field Marshal von Reden. tape 1 . B. G. Hoffmann, Hamburg 1815 ( google.de [accessed on January 31, 2019]).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Speeches, Johann Wilhelm von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Reden-Stemmen, Johann Wilhelm von; Rheden, Johann Wilhelm von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | electoral field marshal of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 7, 1717 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hanover |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 8, 1801 |
| Place of death | Hanover |