Josef Juncker

Josef Johann Georg Juncker (born September 9, 1889 as Josef Josefovici in Pitesti , † October 18, 1938 in Bonn ) was a Romanian-German legal and church historian .

Live and act

The son of a Jewish merchant and landowner was born in 1889 in Pitesti, Romania. At the secondary school in Halle in 1907 and in 1913 additionally at the high school in Magdeburg, he acquired the university entrance qualification. From the summer semester of 1908 he studied law at the University of Berlin. He had to interrupt his studies for family and health reasons. In 1909 he was able to continue his studies in Berlin for three semesters. In Romania he had to do military service in 1910/11. In the summer semester of 1912 he continued his studies at the University of Leipzig . In 1913 he took part in the Second Balkan War. After his return, Juncker converted to the Greek Orthodox denomination. Friedrich Stein's recommendation helped Juncker join the German army. In April 1915 he became a German citizen. In August 1915 Juncker volunteered for the Leipzig Uhlan Regiment. Also in 1915 he was able to take the first state law examination in Leipzig. He was wounded in the Battle of the Somme in 1916. He was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd class in September 1916 . Juncker received his doctorate in 1921 with a thesis on the Collectio Berolinensis, a gloss from canon law. After Emil Seckel's death , the Monumenta Germaniae Historica transferred the new edition of Benedictus Levita's collection of capitulars to Juncker in March 1925 . With the help of a scholarship from the Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft , he devoted himself to handwriting studies in Paris.

In Königsberg he completed his habilitation in 1926 with a thesis on liability and the justification of litigation in ancient Roman legal processes. In the same year he became a lecturer in Bonn, where he in 1927 umhabilitatierte . In July 1932 he was appointed extraordinary professor in Bonn. In October 1932 he succeeded Erich Bley as professor of Roman law at the University of Greifswald . At the same time he became director of the legal seminar. In December 1934 he received the Cross of Honor of the World War from Paul von Hindenburg . At the end of 1935 his right to examine was withdrawn and a little later he was retired as a “non-Aryan”. Probably because of his combatant status, he still received a pension of RM 8,792 annually in 1936. He tried in vain to prove that he was not to be classified as a Jew. Juncker continued to work for the Monumenta Germaniae Historica on the edition of Benedictus Levita. In September 1938, Juncker's research contract was also withdrawn. Juncker died in Bonn in October 1938. According to his lawyer, a heartbeat was the cause of death, science partially assumes a suicide. Juncker was buried in Bonn's southern cemetery.

His fields of work were medieval manuscripts and medieval canonics . Juncker published several important articles for the canonical department of the journal of the Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte . He pioneered the study of early 12th century canons. For Peter Landau , Juncker is at the beginning of a new heyday in international legal history research. Nikola Becker dealt with the three now less known Jewish employees of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica Paul Hirsch , Erika Sinauer and Josef Juncker. She came to the conclusion that the bloodletting of German science as a result of the National Socialist persecution and extermination of the Jews also affected the Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Only in 1998 was the edition of the collection of the Capitulars of Benedictus Levita included in the edition program of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica.

literature

• Nikola Becker: Jewish employees at the Monumenta Germaniae Historica in the “Third Reich”. Paul Hirsch, Josef Juncker and Erika Sinauer. In: Historisches Jahrbuch 135 (2015), pp. 453–502.
• Mathias Schmoeckel : In memory of Josef Juncker (9.9.1889 - 18.10.1938). In: Bonner Rechtsjournal 2/2014, pp. 199–204 ( online ).
• Juncker (born Josefovici), Josef Johann Georg. In: Werner Buchholz (Ed.): Lexicon Greifswalder Hochschullehrer 1775 to 2006. Vol. 3: 1907–1932. Bock, Bad Honnef 2004, ISBN 3-87066-931-4 , p. 104.

Web links

• Literature about Josef Juncker in the state bibliography MV
• Publications by Josef Juncker in the Opac der Regesta Imperii

Remarks

1. ↑ Nikola Becker: Jewish employees at the Monumenta Germaniae Historica in the "Third Reich". Paul Hirsch, Josef Juncker and Erika Sinauer. In: Historisches Jahrbuch 135 (2015), pp. 453–502, here: p. 488.
2. ↑ Nikola Becker: Jewish employees at the Monumenta Germaniae Historica in the "Third Reich". Paul Hirsch, Josef Juncker and Erika Sinauer. In: Historisches Jahrbuch 135 (2015), pp. 453–502, here: p. 490.
3. ↑ Nikola Becker: Jewish employees at the Monumenta Germaniae Historica in the "Third Reich". Paul Hirsch, Josef Juncker and Erika Sinauer. In: Historisches Jahrbuch 135 (2015), pp. 453–502, here: p. 492.
4. ↑ Michael Grüttner , Sven Kinas: The expulsion of scientists from German universities from 1933 to 1945. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 55/2007, pp. 123–186, here: p. 168 ( online ).
5. ↑ Nikola Becker: Jewish employees at the Monumenta Germaniae Historica in the "Third Reich". Paul Hirsch, Josef Juncker and Erika Sinauer. In: Historisches Jahrbuch 135 (2015), pp. 453–502, here: p. 484; Peter Landau : Jurists of Jewish origin in the German Empire and in the Weimar Republic. In memory of Ernst Landsberg. In: Helmut Heinrichs , Harald Franzki , Klaus Schmalz , Michael Stolleis (eds.): German lawyers of Jewish origin. Munich 1993, pp. 133-213, here: p. 171.
6. ^ Peter Landau: Jurists of Jewish origin in the German Empire and in the Weimar Republic. In memory of Ernst Landsberg. In: Helmut Heinrichs, Harald Franzki, Klaus Schmalz, Michael Stolleis (eds.): German lawyers of Jewish origin. Munich 1993, pp. 133-213, here: p. 171.
7. ↑ Nikola Becker: Jewish employees at the Monumenta Germaniae Historica in the "Third Reich". Paul Hirsch, Josef Juncker and Erika Sinauer. In: Historisches Jahrbuch 135 (2015), pp. 453–502, here: p. 502
8. ↑ project homepage