Josef Leopold Zvonař

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Josef Leopold Zvonař
Birth house of Josef Leopold Zvonař
Grave of Josef Leopold Zvonař

Josef Leopold Zvonař (born January 22, 1824 in Kublov , † November 23, 1865 in Prague ) was a Czech music journalist, music teacher, organist and composer . He studied in Beroun and Prague, where he worked as a music teacher and scholar.

Life

Joseph Leopold Zvonař grew up in poor conditions. His parents were the bricklayer František Zvonař and his wife Kateřina nee. Prokšova. In 1829 he started school at the age of six. The teacher František Klier had founded a choir, which from Easter 1831 on every Sunday and public holiday performed a mass or litany. The young Zvonař was chosen for this choir because of his good voice. It was here that he came into real contact with music for the first time, and Klier's successor, Vaclav Eismann, who also took over the choir, recognized Zvonař's musical talent. First he gave him violin lessons. Later there were lessons on the flute, clarinet and horn. His uncle Josef Frýbert, a blind violinist, flutist, clarinetist and pianist who taught at the Prague Institute for the Blind in Hradčany and made small compositions for the flute, often came to visit and played with the young Zvonař. When he was thirteen, Eismann also gave Zvonař piano lessons. During this time he also composed his first piece of music. After completing compulsory schooling, he began an apprenticeship as a tailor for financial reasons and his musical career seemed to have ended for the time being. But the pastor of the village Josef Dmych, who knew the boy from the choir, recognized his talent and continued to give him free lessons. He promised him a year’s teacher training in Prague. For this he needs a certificate, which Zvonař acquired after three years of teaching with Dmych in an exam in Beroun. Dmych did not teach him the subject matter required for the certificate examination, but also taught him musical knowledge. In addition to perfecting the piano, they dealt with the basics of figured bass and the music of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Johann Baptist Vanhal . Thereupon he broke off his tailoring apprenticeship and went to Prague. There he did a one-year teacher training course. Despite financial problems, he made the decision to attend the organ school there. Although he did not pass the entrance exam, Karel František Pitsch (1786-1858), the director, stood up for him. Because of his good impression, he accepted him into school and placed him as a piano teacher for the family of Prince Lobkowitz . In two school years from 1842 to 1843 he was a student there and received lessons in harmony, figured bass, counterpoint, composition and organ playing. Karel František Pitsch and František Blažek (1815-1900) were his teachers. After finishing school he was appointed Pitsch's teaching assistant. He became second teacher for organ playing and later also teacher for choral singing. During this time he studied the works of Johann Sebastian Bach , Georg Friedrich Handel , Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven . In 1947, at a concert by the Cecilia Society in Prague, a composition by Zvonař was performed for the first time, the German-language song Der Abschied . However, it was only coldly received by the audience. As a result, he came more and more into the influence of the movement of the Czech National Renewal (České národní obrození). He was in contact with Czech patriots and almost exclusively set Czech texts to music. In addition to musical compositions, he also wrote works on music theory. After Pitsch's death in 1858 he was provisionally his successor. But since he was not permanently appointed to this position, he moved in 1860 as director of the Sophienakademie ( Žofínské akademie) , a Prague music establishment. He was there successor František Škroup . Here he introduced traditional choral singing for male and female choirs as well as nine-month courses for piano and vocal teachers. He then went on an artistic journey through Germany. After his return he taught from 1863 to 1865 as a singing teacher at the secondary school for girls in Prague. From February 1864 he was also choirmaster at the Holy Trinity Church in Prague.

Zvonař was involved in the national movement. He was a co-founder of Umělecká beseda and the Prague Choral Association Hlahol . He was a member of the commission for the Czech national theater Národní divadlo . Zvonař devoted himself to researching old Bohemian church music. This activity resulted in the publication of a number of liturgical chants, chorales and several scientific essays. At Umělecká beseda he gave lectures on the history of Czech music and Czech songs. He wrote music reviews for several newspapers such as the Prague newspaper ( Pražski noviny ), Dalibor and Slavoj . He died in Prague on November 23, 1865. In its Sunday edition of November 26, 1865, the tourist newspaper in Vienna stated pulmonary tuberculosis as the cause of death .

Works (selection

Joseph Leopold Zvonař composed two operas , three overtures , chamber music , piano sonatas , two masses , two requies , choral works and songs based on Czech and German texts and published the monuments of early Czech music .

Operas

Joseph Leopold Zvonař tried to create a Czech national opera, an opera in the Czech language on historical Czech subjects. It has a certain regional, music-historical significance.

There were two small operas in his estate.

  • Zaboj Alois Vojtěch Šmilovský (1837–1883) edited the contents of the Königinhof manuscript into a libretto that Zvonař set to music in 1861. The entire opera has never been staged before. At Umělecké besedy concerts , excerpts from the work were performed twice.

Orchestral works

  • Overture in C minor, Op. 9, 1848
  • Overture in D minor, Op. 23, 1855
  • Overture to a tragedy in C minor, Op. 37. The work was premiered on December 7, 1860 in the first concert of a series of concerts by the Prague Cecilia Society.
  • Overture in B flat major

Orchestral works with singing

  • The ride to the Elfenstein . Ballad based on a Swedish saga by Curt Oswald for solos, choir and orchestra op.26, composed in 1857, published in Winterthur by Rieter-Biedermann in 1861 The Neue Zeitschrift für Musik gives a detailed review of the work in its edition of July 1, 1861. The work was performed at the fourth concert in a series of concerts by the Cecilia Society in Prague on May 6, 1858.
  • Morning prayer of the Brahmin for choir and orchestra, composed in 1854, performed at a concert of the Cecilia Society on March 10, 1855
  • Dalibora vězně [Dalibor's Prisoner] for tenor, obbligato violin and orchestra op. 29. Song based on a poem by Jan z Hvězdy, the pseudonym of the poet Jan Jindřich Marek (1803-1853), 1858
  • Umírající pěvec [The Dying Singer] for male choir, solo baritone, horn and orchestra op. 32, composed between November 20 and December 7, 1859, premiered at a concert by the Prague Cecilia Society on February 16, 1860

Vocal music

Joseph Leopold Zvonař set poems by many of the then popular Czech authors, such as Josef Chmela (1793–1847), Josef Krasoslav Chmelenský , František Ladislav Čelakovský , Karel Jaromír Erben , Václav Hanka , Václav Jaromír Picek (1812–1869), František Sušil (1812–1869), František Sušil ) and Karel Alois Vinařický (1803–1869). Josef von Eichendorff was the only German-speaking poet whose works he set to music. He wrote a total of over one hundred unison songs, duets, trios, quartets and choirs. However, since he mainly set Czech texts to music, the works were not widely used. Several masses were in his estate.

  • Chants of religious content for male choir op. 17 I Come holy spirit II To you, o God raise III O God we come full of trust IV Father look down graciously V O Lord remember my VI In your name I catch VII O Lord you Demand an account VIII Loan from your heaven IX Thank God for the teachings X We bring you God and Father XI So we close with thanks and joy XII I always want to think of you, published in Prague by Robert Veit
  • Musica sacra. No. 1. Graduale (Salvum fac servum tuum) pro abor a smyčcowé nástroje, Op. 33 for 4 voices, 2 violins, viola, bass and organ, published in Prague by Ad. Christoph and W. Kuhé
  • Musica sacra. No. 2. Missa pro defunctis , for 4 voices, 2 violins, viola, bass and organ, published in Prague by Robert Veit
  • Blažené Památce sv. Cyrilla a Methoda blahověstů slovanských. Zpěvy ku veškerým častem mše svaté [The blessed memory of the Slavic apostles Cyril and Method. Songs for all parts of the Holy Mass], published in Prague by Hofmann
  • Songs for four male voices, op.38
  • Bradlec , Ballad for Mixed Voices, Op. 39, published by in Prague, Bursik & Kouhout
  • Běla krasavice , op.42 , 1862
  • Vocal Mass. Op. 49. On August 25, 1863, the first day of a two-day Slavonic song festival in Brno to celebrate the 1000th anniversary of the Christianization of Moravia, a vocal mass from Zvonař was performed at the beginning.
  • Chants of religious content for male choir, 1st division: supplication and thanksgiving chants, published in Prague by Robert Veit
  • Quodlibet from Czech folk songs for male choir, published in Vienna
  • Pět zpěvů k slavnosti Božeho Těla , [Five songs for the Frohnleichnam procession .] Four songs from the Czech cantional and a setting of the Pange lingua , for male choir, published in Prague by Joh. Hoffmann
  • Písně pro spolek katolických tovaryšů v Praze [Chants for Catholic journeyman's associations in Prague], published in Prague, 1862
  • Základy harmonie a zpěvu [Basics of harmony and singing]: s příslušným navedením pro učitele hudby vůbec a národních škol zvláště [with appropriate guidance for music teachers in all and national schools in particular] Škola a život ].

Organ music

Joseph Leopold Zvonař wrote numerous preludes and fugues for the organ.

  • Šestero předeher pro čas vánoční. [Six Pastoral Preludes for the Christmas Season] for Organ Op. 12, published in Prague by Joh. Hoffmanns Wwe.
  • Album pro varhaníky [album for organists]. A series of transitions, cadenzas and preludes, as the organist has to do at church services, op. 13, published by J. Hoffmann. The Neue Zeitschrift für Musik published a review of the work in its edition of February 15, 1861.
  • Slavnostní Předehra pro Boží hod velkonoční na motif "Alleluja" [Festive Overture for Easter on the theme of Alleluja ] Op. 18, published by Robert Veit
  • Adventní píseň [Advent song]: Jakož o tom proroci. [Just like the prophets] Tři vánoční skladby pro varhany [Three Christmas carols for the organ]. Published by Robert Veit, 1859
  • Adventní piseň ... s předehrou a dohrou a Tři vánočni skladby pro varhany , [Advent song with prelude and epilogue and three Christmas compositions for the organ], published in Prague by Robert Veit, 1859
  • Šestero předher pro varhany pro sv. vánočni čas, [Six Pastoral Preludes ], published in Prague by Robert Veit
  • Slavnostní předehra pro Boži hod velikanoční na motif “Alleluja” [Magnificent prelude to the holy day of Easter on the motif “Alleluja”] published in Prague by Robert Veit
  • Hlahol, pastoral. Bohemian Christmas carol with prelude and epilogue. Pastoral preludes and a Bohemian Advent song , published in Prague by Robert Veit
  • Sonata for organ with obbligato pedal No. 4 op.16 OCLC 605496723

After Karel František Pitsch's death, he published some of his organ works.

Chamber music

  • Piano trio in E flat major op. 22, 1854 I Allegro II Adagio con molto esspresione III Scherzo IV Allegro vivace V Finale. Caecilia celebration . Andante sostenuto
  • Piano quintet op. 24, 1855
  • Piano quartet op.31, 1857 I Allegro con brio II Andante III Scherzo IV Allegro vivace e capriccioso V Finale.
  • Piano trio in D major. This work was in his estate.

Songs

  • Lhostejník op. 7, published in Prague by J. Hoffmann
  • Veneček rosmarinový z ohlasn národních písní od Jos. Koláře , [Rosemary wreaths based on folk songs by Jos. Kolář] for a voice op. 30, published in Prague by Robert Veit, 1863
  • Čechy krásné, Čechy mé. The setting of a patriotic poem by Václav Jaromír Picek still has regional significance today. It has been widely published and many musical arrangements exist.
  • Přes vršiny and Spi v pokoji are often performed at funerals and mourning ceremonies.

Piano music

  • Prelude and fugue for piano, op. 1 published in Prague by Joh. Hofmann
  • Impromptu (at sunset) for Pianoforte op. 2, 1854, dedicated to Fraulein Marie Nekola , published in Prague by Joh. Hoffmann
  • Loreley . Phantasiestück für Pianoforte Op. 3, dedicated to Emilie Schuster , published in Prague by Joh.Hoffmann OCLC 964060547
  • Sonata in F minor for piano op. 10, 1849, published in Prague by Joh. Hoffmann I Allegro, agitato con passione II Andante sostenuto III Intermezzo. Allegro assai IV finale. Allegro non troppo,
  • Nocturno. for piano four hands, op.25, 1856
  • Primula veris. Andante and Allegro for pianoforte, op. 27, 1857, published in Prague by Joh. Hoffmann
  • Sonata No. 3 in A minor Im Volkstone op.28 , 1857,
  • Characteristic piece of clay for pianoforte op.40, published in Prague by Schalk, 1861
  • Impromptu in E flat major, 1857
  • Sonata in F major for piano, published in Prague by Hoffmann. Andante espressivo. Variace I.-VIII. Scherzo [Tempo di Minuetto]. Trio. Andante quasi adagio
  • Large suite for piano four hands. I March II Scherzo III Adagio, IV Czech folk song with variations V Intermezzo VI Finale, published in Prague by Hoffmann
  • Theoreticko-Praktická Škola piana s národními písněmi a cvičební látkou pro útlou mládež [Theoretical-practical piano school with national songs and exercises for young people], published by Schalk and Watzler

reception

After Joseph Leopold Zvonař took up the post of director at the Prague Sophieninstitut, the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik wrote in its issue of September 28, 1860: Mr. Jos. Leop. Zvonař, a former teacher at the organ school, was appointed director of the Sophien-Academie. We can wholeheartedly wish the Institute the best of luck with this acquisition, as there is now a man at the head of it who, through his genuinely artistic character and excellent musical knowledge, offers a guarantee for its prosperity.

In a review of his album for organists , the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik wrote in its edition of February 15, 1861: Zvonař has what it takes to be such an undertaking . He has a nimble pen and is well experienced in teaching music as well as in the art of organ playing. Regarding the work itself, she wrote that it was halfway and that the otherwise skillful and ambitious author should not bring much honor or joy .

Commemoration

His grave is on the Velíz . In his hometown of Kublov, Zvonař was honored in 1871 with the erection of a memorial cast in the Fürstenberger Hütte in Nový Jáchymov .

literature

Web links

Commons : Josef Leopold Zvonař  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Constantin von Wurzbach: Zwonař, Joseph Leopold . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . tape 60 . Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1860, p. 348 ( online ).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h Tereza Berdychová: Josef Leopold Zvonař, hudební teoretik a významný zjev hudby předsmetanovské. Ed .: Masarykova Univerzita v Brně; Filozofická faculta. Bünn June 24, 2007, p. 13 (Czech, online [PDF]).
  3. ↑ Státní oblastní archiv v Praze. Retrieved February 3, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Tereza Berdychová: Zvonař, Josef Leopold. In: Český hudební slovník. January 18, 2010, accessed February 3, 2018 (Czech).
  5. ↑ a b c d e f Austrian National Library: ANNO, Wiener Zeitung, 1865-11-26, page 5. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  6. ↑ a b c d Tomáš Slavický:  Zvonař, Josef Leopold. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 17 (Vina - Zykan). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2007, ISBN 978-3-7618-1137-5  ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
  7. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1865-12-08, page 10. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1860-09-28, page 7. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  9. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1861-01-01, page 7. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Blätter für Musik, Theater und Kunst, 1865-11-28, page 4. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  11. ^ A b c Constantin von Wurzbach: Zwonař, Joseph Leopold . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . tape 60 . Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1860, p. 348 ( online ).
  12. ↑ a b c Austrian National Library: ANNO, Wiener Zeitung, 1865-11-26, page 5. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  13. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1865-12-08, page 10. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  14. ↑ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Blätter für Musik, Theater und Kunst, 1865-11-28, page 4. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  15. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Aussen-Blatt, 1865-11-26, page 1. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  16. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Aussen-Blatt, 1865-11-26, page 1. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  17. ^ A b c d e Constantin von Wurzbach: Zwonař, Joseph Leopold . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . tape 60 . Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1860, p. 348 ( online ).
  18. ↑ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Blätter für Musik, Theater und Kunst, 1865-11-28, page 4. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  19. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Aussen-Blatt, 1865-11-26, page 1. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  20. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Der Zwischen-Akt, 1859-10-13, page 3. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  21. ↑ Dějiny farnosti sv. Jana Křtitele-Děkanství Dvůr Králové nL In: http://www.svjankrtitel.estranky.cz . Retrieved February 3, 2018 (Czech).
  22. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1861-05-17, page 7. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  23. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1861-07-01, page 4. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  24. ↑ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1858-05-28, page 7. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  25. ↑ a b c Tereza Berdychová: Josef Leopold Zvonař, hudební teoretik a významný zjev hudby předsmetanovské. Ed .: Masarykova Univerzita v Brně; Filozofická faculta. Brno June 24, 2007, p. 73 f . (Czech, online [PDF]).
  26. ↑ a b Austrian National Library: ANNO, Wiener Zeitung, 1865-11-26, page 5. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  27. ↑ Songs of religious content: for male choir: op. 17 / composed by JL Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  28. ↑ Gradual "Salvum fac servum tuum" for four voices with accompaniment of the organ and the usual string instruments / [hudebnina]: Op. 33 / composed by Jos. Leop. Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Philharmonic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  29. ↑ Bradlec [hudebnina] ballada per smíšené hlasy / Složil JL Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  30. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1863-09-11, page 8. Accessed on February 2, 2018 .
  31. ↑ Vokální mše. II. [Hudebnina]: k Velehradské slavnosti 1863: Op. 49 / složil JL Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Philharmonic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  32. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Blätter für Musik, Theater und Kunst, 1863-09-01, page 2. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  33. ↑ Základy harmonie a zpěvu: s příslušným navedením pro učitele hudby vůbec a národních škol zvláště / od Jos. Leop. Zvonaře; s úvahami dušeslovnými, krasoumnými a vychovatelskými od redaktora čas. "Škola a život." [FJŘ.]. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  34. ↑ Six pastoral preludes [hudebnina] = Šestero předeher pro čas vánoční. Op. 12 / Varhany / / Josef Leopold Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  35. ↑ Album pro varhaníky [hudebnina]: Obsahuje: přechody, úvody a předehry, jichž varhaník při službách Božích třeba má = album for organists. Series of transitions, cadenzas and preludes, as necessary for the organist at church services: (Op. 13.) / By Jos. Leop. Zwonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  36. ↑ a b Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1861-02-15, page 3. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  37. ↑ Slavnostní Předehra pro Boží hod velkonoční na motive "Alleluja" [hudebnina]: Op. 18 / [JL Zvonař]. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  38. ↑ Adventní píseň [hudebnina]: (Jakož o tom proroci); Tři vánoční skladby pro varhany / Jos. Leop. Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  39. ^ IV. Sonata pro varhany s obligátním pedálem [hudebnina] / Složil Jos. Leop. Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Philharmonic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  40. ↑ Věneček Rosmarinový z ohlasů národních písní od Jos. Koláře pro Each hlas s průvodem Piana [hudebnina]: Op. 30 / složil Jos. Leop. Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  41. ↑ At sunset: Impromptu for Piano-Forte: Op. 2 / composed by Jos. Leop. Zwonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech National Library, accessed on February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  42. ↑ Lore-Lei [hudebnina]: Fantasiestück für Pianoforte: Op. 3 / by Jos. Leop. Zwonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  43. ↑ Sonata for Pianoforte [hudebnina]: Op. 10 / componirt ... by Jos. Leop. Zwonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  44. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Wiener Zeitung, 1857-08-22, page 32. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  45. ↑ Primula veris [hudebnina]: Composition for pianoforte: Op. 27 / by Jos. Leop. Zwonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . National Library of the Czech Republic, accessed February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  46. ↑ Theoreticko-Praktická Škola piana s národními písněmi a cvičební látkou pro útlou mládež [hudebnina] / Sepsal Jos. Leop. Zvonař: Theoreticko-Praktická Škola piana s národními písněmi a cvičební látkou pro útlou mládež [hudebnina] / Sepsal Jos. Leop. Zvonař. In: https://aleph.nkp.cz . Retrieved February 2, 2018 (Czech).
  47. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Oesterreichische Buchhändler-Correspondenz, 1863-10-20, page 3. Retrieved on February 2, 2018 .
  48. ↑ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1860-09-28, page 7. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
  49. ^ Austrian National Library: ANNO, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 1861-02-15, page 3. Retrieved on February 3, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Zvonař, Josef Leopold
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech music journalist, music teacher, organist and composer
DATE OF BIRTH January 22, 1824
PLACE OF BIRTH Kublov
DATE OF DEATH January 23, 1865
Place of death Prague