Jozef Gregor Tajovský

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Jozef Gregor Tajovský

Jozef Gregor Tajovský , actually Jozef Gregor (born October 14, 1874 in Tajov ( Hungarian Tajova, Tajowa, Tajó , German  Teibau, Teiba ), Neusohl , Sohl County , Austria-Hungary (now Slovakia ); † May 20, 1940 in Bratislava ) was a Slovak realistic writer, playwright, publicist, teacher and politician.

Life

The birth house of Jozef Gregor Tajovský in Tajov, 1920s

Tajovský was born into a large family of a shoemaker, but spent most of his childhood with his grandparents. From 1886 to 1889 he attended a school in the nearby town of Banská Bystrica , then he continued his studies from 1889-93 at a teacher training college in Kláštor pod Znievom . There he began to write his first literary works.

After graduation, he began to work as a teacher and was initially in Banská Bystrica, until 1898 he changed his workshop to Horná Lehota , Kolárovice , Dohňany , Lopej , Pohorelá and Podlavice . The reason for this was his national conviction, compared to the then current Magyarization policy of the Hungarian state and church sovereignty. Therefore, he stopped teaching and studied from 1898–1900 at a business academy in Prague . He then became an official of Vidiecka ľudová banka (about: Rural People's Bank) and Tatra banka and was also an editor for Ľudové noviny (People's Newspaper). He married Hana Lilgová (* 1885, † 1958) in Nădlac (then Nagylak in Hungarian ) in 1907 , who worked in literature as Hana Gregorová . In 1912 he was appointed deputy chairman of the Slovak National Party elected and was after the outbreak of the First World War for a short time editor of the newspaper Narodny Hlasnik . In 1915 he had to serve as a soldier on the Eastern Front , but deserted from the Austro-Hungarian Army . He fought with Czechoslovak soldiers and joined the Czechoslovak Legions in Russia in 1917 , where he achieved the rank of captain .

After the First World War he returned in 1919 via the United States to the newly formed Czechoslovakia , where he first settled in Turč. Sv. Martin , later settled in Bratislava and worked as head of a legionnaire's office. In 1925 he retired as a lieutenant colonel in the Czechoslovak Army and then devoted himself entirely to literature. Together with his wife, he promoted young Slovak authors.

Tajovský died in Bratislava in 1940 and was buried in his hometown of Tajov.

plant

From left to right: wife Hana Gregorová, daughter Dagmar (* 1916; † 2004) and Jozef Gregor Tajovský, 1922
Book cover by Smutné nôty

Jozef Gregor Tajovský is considered to be a representative of Slovak realism . In his works the fate and life of the Slovak people, their problems, but also morality are presented. Often the area of ​​his home area is also shown, with an emphasis on social and current political and societal issues. In addition to violent criticism of the situation, he often uses humor.

He wrote mostly stories and drama, less often short stories, feature pages, and also some political articles. There are also a number of translations of Russian literature ( AP Chekhov , LN Tolstoy )

prose

  • 1893 - Na mylných cestách (On Misleading Ways), prosaic debut
  • 1896 - Čarodejné drevo ( wonder wood )
  • 1896 - Starého otca rozpomienky (Grandfather's Memories)
  • 1896/1900 - Rozprávky pre ľud (folk tales)
  • 1897 - Ferko
  • 1897 - Rozpomienka (memory)
  • 1897 - Omrvinky (Crumbs)
  • 1897 - Z dediny (from the village)
  • 1898 - Jastraby (hawks)
  • 1900 - Rozprávky (fairy tales)
  • 1901 - Úžerník a iné články (usurers and other articles)
  • 1902 - Mládenci (boys)
  • 1903 - Maco Mlieč (Mlieč the Petz)
  • 1903 - Apoliena
  • 1904 - Nové časy (New Times)
  • 1904 - Besednice (feature section)
  • 1907 - Smutné nôty
  • 1908 - Mamka Pôstková
  • 1909 - Horký chlieb (bitter bread)
  • 1909 - Na chlieb ( Aufs Brot)
  • 1909 - Miso
  • 1910 - Umrel Tomášik (Tomášik died)
  • 1910 - Lacná kúpa a predsa draho padla! (Cheaper and yet expensive purchase!)
  • 1910 - Spod kosy (From the scythe)
  • 1911 - Tŕpky
  • 1911 - Jano Mráz
  • 1911 - Kosec Môcik (Reaper Môcik)
  • 1912 - Slovenské obrázky (Slovak pictures)
  • 1918 - Malý slovenský zemepis (Little Slovak geography)
  • 1919 - Prvý máj (May 1st )
  • 1919 - Rozprávky z Ruska (Stories from Russia)
  • 1920 - Na front a iné rozprávky (On the front and other stories)
  • 1920 - Rozprávky o československých légiách v Rusku (Stories about the Czechoslovak Legions in Russia)

drama

  • 1896 - Anička , play (not published)
  • 1898 - Sľuby (Promise), play
  • 1898 - Konačka , play (not published)
  • 1898 - Jej budúci (Your neighbor), play (not published)
  • 1899 - Námluvy , play (not published)
  • 1900 - Ženský zákon (Female Law), play
  • 1901 - Nový život (New Life), drama
  • 1903 - Medveď (Bear), drama
  • 1906 - Matka (mother)
  • 1909 - Statky-zmätky (goods confusion), play
  • 1911 - V službe (In service), play
  • 1911 - Hriech (Sund), drama
  • 1912 - Tma (darkness) originally Medzník , 1907
  • 1915 - Tragik z prinútenia (A forced tragedy ), drama
  • 1915 - Jubileum (Jubilee), drama
  • 1922 - Sova Zuza (Owl Zuza), puppet show
  • 1923 - Smrť Ďurka Langsfelda (death of Ďurko Langsfeld), historical play
  • 1930 - Jej prvý román (Your first novel), comedy
  • 1934 - Blúznivci (Dreamer), historical play
  • 1934/1935 - Sokolská rodina (Falcon Family), comedy (not listed)
  • 1938 - Hrdina (hero), historical play

Journalism

  • 1914 - Výklad programu Slovenskej národnej strany (Declaration of the Program of the Slovak National Party)
  • 1917/1918 - Vojna a mier (War and Peace)
  • 1918 - Malý kultúrny zemepis Slovenska 1-2 (Small cultural geography of Slovakia, parts 1 and 2)
  • 1919 - O samospráve Slovenska (About self-government in Slovakia)
  • 1919 - Malý kultúrny zemepis východného Slovenska (Small cultural geography of Eastern Slovakia)

Appreciation

According to Jozef Gregor Tajovský there is a theater in Zvolen , some educational institutions in Slovakia and Romania (Nădlac), and streets in several Slovak cities. A memorial house is dedicated to the writer in his hometown of Tajov.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Tajovský, Jozef Gregor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gregor, Jozef (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Slovak writer and playwright
DATE OF BIRTH October 14, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Tajov
DATE OF DEATH May 20, 1940
Place of death Bratislava