Julius Mayr

Wilhelm Leibl: Julius Mayr (oil on wood, 1890)

Julius Friedrich Mayr (born January 7, 1855 in Rotthalmünster ; † May 8, 1935 in Brannenburg am Inn) was a German doctor, Alpine Club official and writer in Bavaria.

Life

and display information about the image

Baptism entry for Julius Mayr in the Rotthalmünster church register

Mayr was the fourth child of Dillingen-born district doctor Carl Mayr (1807–1872) and his wife Louise. He attended elementary school in Rotthalmünster from 1861 to 1865, in which year his father became a district court physician in Pfarrkirchen, then the Benedictine high school in Metten Monastery from 1865 to 1869 and from 1869 to 1873 the Ludwigs-Gymnasium in Munich , where he graduated from high school . From 1873/74 he served as a one-year volunteer in the Bavarian Army . He then studied medicine at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich . In 1879 he was promoted to Dr. med. PhD. Further training courses in Vienna, Berlin, Prague and Budapest followed. From 1880 to 1897 he was a general practitioner in Rosenheim , community insurance doctor , royal Bavarian medical officer of the Landwehr, railway doctor, factory doctor at the Hamberger Industriewerke match factory and family doctor at "Marienbad". In October 1880 he married Auguste Hiedl, daughter of a district judge in Passau . The couple had two daughters: Helene (married to Weller in 1st marriage, married to live in 2nd marriage) and Luise (married to Hundt). In the years from 1887 to 1897 and 1907 to 1912 he was chairman of the Rosenheim section of the German and Austrian Alpine Club . During this period the friendship with Wilhelm Leibl , Johann Sperl , Max Liebermann and the Steinbeis family ( Wendelsteinbahn ) began. Between 1890 and 1891 Wilhelm Leibl completed the portraits of Julius, which can be viewed today in the Georg Schäfer Museum in Schweinfurt , and Auguste Mayr, which has however been lost. The Brünnsteinhaus , for which Julius Mayr was responsible, opened in 1894 and, four years later, the secured “Dr.-Julius-Mayr-Weg” from the Brünnsteinhaus to the summit.

In 1897, after a written application , Julius Mayr was appointed Royal Bavarian District Doctor 1st Class in Bogen / Lower Bavaria by Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria . Between 1901 and 1903 he was given leave of absence from this position because of a serious illness of the esophagus and stomach, before he finally retired on January 1, 1904. In 1901 he also moved to Brannenburg am Inn , where he lived until his death. The house was demolished in the 1960s.

In the 1920s and early 1930s, Mayr developed numerous friendships with, among others, Josef Hofmiller , Eduard Stemplinger , pharmacist Rieder and Ludwig Steub . Around 1930 Julius Mayr also wrote Sigbot von Falkenstein. Homeland tragedy in 5 acts , which however was never published.

After 52 years of marriage, his wife Auguste Mayr died of leukemia in 1932. Her burial took place in the Rosenheim cemetery. The biographical sketch / essay you was created on it. A middle-class woman of nobility . Julius Mayr also died three years later. He was buried on May 8, 1935, as was his wife, in the Rosenheim cemetery.

Mediciners

Due to his forensic, surgical and ophthalmic training, he was also able to perform abdominal incisions, amputations and even strabismus and cataract operations. He was considered a competent and popular doctor, his patients came from far and wide, house calls (with carriage rides) took up much more time than practice appointments. The usual evaluations by the Chambers of the Interior of the Royal Governments of Upper and Lower Bavaria confirmed that he had special educational and medical standards and thus his suitability for the position of Royal District Doctor 1st Class, for which he successfully applied. Diverticula in the esophagus and the need to tube himself and flush his stomach every day forced him to quit his job. He published medical articles and gave medical lectures. The implementation of the latest medical-technical knowledge was important to him, but also the preservation of medical empathy and "medical art".

Hiker, alpinist and alpine club official

Board on Dr.-Julius-Mayr-Weg

The father awakened the boy’s love for the mountains, for hiking and for nature during the Rotthalmünster period. As a 17-year-old he was already on the summit of the Großvenediger (3657 m). Rosenheim and the Inn Valley then became the starting point for “mountain trips” in the entire Eastern Alps, in the foothills, but also in Abruzzo ( Gran Sasso d'Italia ). For him, the mountains were not a challenge for top physical or athletic performance, but rather places for experiencing and internalizing creation in its diversity, size and beauty: of animate and (apparently) inanimate nature. As chairman of the Rosenheim section of the German and Austrian Alpine Club, he became the “father of the Brünnsteinhaus”, the location of which he personally selected, the construction of which he pushed ahead and which he prepared to open in 1894. The secured climb from the Brünnsteinhaus (1360 m) to the Brünnstein summit (1634 m), completed in 1898, still bears its name today: "Dr.-Julius-Mayr-Weg".

writer

Mayr's biography on Wilhelm Leibl was considered the standard work on the painter for decades. It was published in 1906, almost six years after Leibl's death. It describes Leibl's life and work and also tells of his friendship with Johann Sperl and Julius Mayr. His many mountain hikes prompted him not only to report about it in lectures and essays, but also to write stories. Only a part of it appeared in the selection edition Auf stillen Pfaden (1924). He published most of them in various magazines and newspapers, including in the newsletters of the Alpine Club. He designed vivid, often lyrical mood pictures in z. Sometimes romantic tones, he characterizes mostly simple people in a loving, humorous way, mixed standard language with colloquial language and slightly stylized dialect, but also brought historical and cultural-historical knowledge, sober facts and humanistically reflective aspects. He often quoted Goethe , for example from Faust or the West-Eastern Divan . His lyrical talent was shown in a number of poems. Few people know that he also wrote an (unpublished) play: Sigbot von Falkenstein . It deals with the tragic end of the last representative of the once powerful Count of Falkenstein in the second half of the 13th century , in a creative way with historical sources . Language, rhythm and motifs show clear echoes of classical models, especially Schiller ( Wilhelm Tell , Die Piccolomini ) and Goethe ( Gretchen tragedy ).

Time critic

In his diary entries, Mayr criticizes Kaiser Wilhelm II and the nobility cliques of the Wilhelmine era in a pointed and violent manner . As early as 1905, he foresaw the First World War . In the early 1930s, he passionately opposed the hypocritical, demagogic and terrorist activities of the National Socialists . As early as 1934 he believed he could predict a coming Holocaust . In the last scene of Sigbot von Falkenstein , too , he alludes to arson, murder and terror in his presence. From February 27 to May 9, 2014, the exhibition “Dr. Julius Mayr. Doctor - Mountain Friend - Writer ”.

Family history

Mayr's father Carl Mayr was a member of the Corps Suevia Munich . Parts of the family history and a letter from Julius Mayr to his brother Joseph Mayr are in the corps archive . In it he describes the crush on Poland and the situation in Warsaw at the time of the November uprising .

Publications

• Wilhelm Leibl. His life and work. Cassirer, Berlin 1906; 2nd edition 1914; 3rd edition 1919; 4th edition Verlag F. Bruckmann, Munich 1935.
• On quiet paths. Wandering images from home and abroad. Bergverlag Rudolf Rother, Munich 1924.
• Wolfgang Gottwald (ed.): Julius Mayr: At that time in Poland. Once and Now, Yearbook of the Association for Corporate Student History Research , Vol. 43 (1998), pp. 95-104.

literature

• Hans Heyn: Rosenheim. City and country on the Inn. Rosenheimer Verlagshaus, Rosenheim 1985, p. 36 f., 141.
• Ludwig Hieber: The Brünnsteinhaus 1894–1994. The story of an Alpine Club hut in the Bavarian Inn Valley. Anniversary publication of the Rosenheim Alpine Club Section, Rosenheim 1994.
• Dieter Vögele: Dr. Julius Mayr - His life and work. Documentation for the exhibition in the Stadtarchiv Rosenheim, Rosenheim 2014 ( online ).
• Gerold Zue: Dr. Julius Mayr - the forgotten writer. In: Passauer Neue Presse , March 17, 2012, p. 25.

swell

• Julius Mayr's estate in the Rosenheim City Archives
• Helmut Papst: Brannenburger Notes (estate of Helmut Papst in the hands of Ms. Schannagl, Brannenburg)
• Chronicle of the Steinbeis family (archive of the Steinbeis family, Brannenburg)
• Address books of the city of Rosenheim for the years 1890, 1893 and 1896 (can be viewed in the city archive)
• Bavarian Main State Archives, Munich, files of the Kgl. State Ministry of the Interior (M Inn 60879) Dr. Julius Mayr
• State Archive Munich, in particular files from the Rosenheim District Court, files relating to the estate of Dr. Julius Mayr, District Doctor i. R. in Degerndorf; State Archives Landshut, Government of Lower Bavaria, Chamber of the Interior, file number A 2011, files of the Kgl. Government of Lower Bavaria, Chamber of the Interior, Mayr Dr. Julius.

Web links

• Julius Mayr in RegioWiki for Lower Bavaria & Altötting
• Julius Mayr in the Historical Alpine Archive of the Alpine Clubs in Germany, Austria and South Tyrol (temporarily offline)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Andreas Mettenleiter : Personal reports, memories, diaries and letters from German-speaking doctors. Supplements and supplements III (I – Z). Würzburg medical history reports 22 (2003), pp. 269–305, here: p. 279.
2. ^ Dissertation: Historical sketches about the Erysipelago .