Julius Schneider (resistance fighter)

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Julius Schneider (born August 11, 1908 in Schnappach ; † October 12, 1988 in Sulzbach ) was a German resistance fighter against National Socialism .

Life

Childhood and youth

Julius Schneider was born in Schnappach in 1908 and moved with his family to Sulzbach at a young age and to Hühnerfeld in 1921 . After leaving school, he worked as a miner and following the example of his father Ludwig Schneider, a "pioneer of the Saarland workers' movement", he began to get involved in various organizations. In 1922 he co-founded the Communist Youth in Sulzbach, but left after a few months. At the end of 1923 he became a member of the Socialist Workers' Youth (SAJ) instead , where he became chairman in 1924 and representative of the SAJ on the board of the Saar SPD in 1928 .

Saar vote

In the run-up to the Saar referendum, Schneider was involved in the Socialist Protection Association (SSB) and, together with Richard Kirn, organized the first deployment of the united front on August 26, 1934 in Sulzbach.

time of the nationalsocialism

After the reintegration of the Saar area into National Socialist Germany , he stayed in Saarland. Due to the new political conditions, he lost his job and got by as a construction worker. Together with Fritz Schneider , Rudolf Stark and Max Marzlin he founded an illegal social democratic group, which smuggled in leaflets across the green border with the support of the Forbach group around Richard Kirn . In November 1936, however, Schneider was picked up at the border by an SA member and had to flee Germany. Max Braun and Kirn supported him in exile .

Spanish Civil War

Schneider did not stay in exile in France, but instead joined the International Brigades . There he fought in the Chapayev battalion under the command of the Saarland journalist Claus Becker . He survived the Battle of Teruel and fought in other theaters of war in Malaga , in the Sierra Nevada and near Brunete . In his unit he had the rank of political commissioner . In the summer of 1937 he went to the 11th Battalion and attended the officers' school in Albacete . He took part in the Battle of the Ebro with the Hans Beimler battalion .

France

After the end of the Spanish Civil War, he made his way to France and became involved in Max Braun's national group of German Social Democrats. On March 4, 1939 , he lost his status as a German and became stateless . In September 1939 he was arrested by the French authorities as a German and went through several French prison camps. However , he managed to escape from the Château St. Nicolas in Nîmes . In 1940, however, he was arrested again and obliged to work in the south of France. From there, however, he managed to escape again before the Gestapo could gain access to him.

After the occupation of France by German troops, he joined the Resistance and held the rank of captain there . He took over command of the entire Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department . As section leader of the Forces françaises de l'intérieur , he organized the liberation of France in this department in 1944. Shortly before the end of the Nazi regime, he took on a leading position in the Comité “Allemagne libre” pour l'Ouest (CALPO).

Post-war years

In July 1945 he returned to Sulzbach, where he joined the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). In 1948 he was a member of the Saarbrücken district assembly for the KPD and ran unsuccessfully for the Saarland state parliament in 1952 . From 1955 to 1970 he was managing director of the Society for German-Soviet Friendship .

On November 10, 1988 he was to be awarded the Saarland Order of Merit . However, Schneider, severely disabled after a stroke in 1986, died on October 12, 1988.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Klaus-Michael Mallmann ; Gerhard Paul : The fragmented no. Saarlanders against Hitler . Ed .: Hans-Walter Herrmann (=  resistance and refusal in Saarland 1935–1945 . Volume 1 ). Dietz , Bonn 1989, ISBN 3-8012-5010-5 , p. 228 .
  2. ↑ a b Klaus-Michael Mallmann ; Gerhard Paul : The fragmented no. Saarlanders against Hitler . Bonn 1989, p. 229 .
  3. ^ Klaus-Michael Mallmann ; Gerhard Paul : The fragmented no. Saarlanders against Hitler . Bonn 1989, p. 230 .
  4. ^ Klaus-Michael Mallmann ; Gerhard Paul : The fragmented no. Saarlanders against Hitler . Bonn 1989, p. 230-231 .
  5. ↑ a b c d Klaus-Michael Mallmann ; Gerhard Paul : The fragmented no. Saarlanders against Hitler . Bonn 1989, p. 232 f .
personal data
SURNAME Schneider, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German resistance fighters against National Socialism
DATE OF BIRTH August 11, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Snap
DATE OF DEATH October 12, 1988
Place of death Sulzbach (Saar)