The young Rhineland

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Junge Rheinland was a modern artists' association founded in Düsseldorf on February 24, 1919 on the initiative of the writer Herbert Eulenberg and the painters Arthur Kaufmann and Adolf Uzarski . The association should represent the common interests of the young Rhenish artists and organize exhibitions. This was preceded from 1918-1919 by a literature and artist association called "New Rhineland", also around Eulenberg. The center of the Young Rhineland artist group was the old town gallery “ Junge Kunst - Frau Ey ”. Many of the artists in the association were associated with Rhenish Expressionism .

When it was founded, Ernst te Peerdt and Christian Rohlfs were honorary members of the “Junge Rheinland”. Heinrich Nauen , Fritz Westendorp , Adolf Uzarski, Eduard Sturm , Arthur Kaufmann, Alfred Fischer , Carl Moritz Schreiner and Irma Goecke were on the board . The advisory committee consisted of Hermann Burg , Walter Cohen , Herbert Eulenberg , Alfred Flechtheim , Franz Haniel , Karl Koetschau , Karl Ernst Osthaus , Gottlieb Reber , Richart Reiche , August Stein, Edwin Suermondt , Hermann von Wedderkop and a consul Dr. Friederich together.

The first exhibition of the group “The Young Rhineland” took place in June / July 1919 in the Kunsthalle Düsseldorf with the participation of 113 artists. The name “The Young Rhineland” was coined by the art historian Walter Cohen , who in 1918 organized an exhibition under the title “The Young Rhineland” at the Kölnischer Kunstverein. 19 artists exhibited there. From 1921 a magazine appeared with the title "Das Junge Rheinland". Their goal was to create a communication organ for politics, art and culture that was independent of the art trade and that would promote the new art. In addition, an international congress was held in 1922, which would remain the group's largest action.

Together with other artist groups in the Rhineland such as the " Sonderbund Westdeutscher Kunstfreunde und Künstler ", the Düsseldorf "Aktivistenbund", the "Kölner Gesellschaft der Künste", the "Duisburg Künstlerbund", the " Kölner Progressiven ", the "Künstlergruppe Niederrhein" and the " Duisburg Secession ”,“ The Young Rhineland ”was part of the West German left-wing intellectual scene after the First World War, which maintained close contact and exchange and interfered artistically and literarily with high-ranking exhibition events and political activities.

Werner Heuser : In the Plants (1928, oil on canvas)

The “Young Rhineland” included Otto Dix , Joseph Enseling , Max Ernst , Hans Füsser , Ernst Gottschalk , Adolf de Haer , Werner Heuser , Richard Schwarzkopf , Ludwig ten Hompel , Peter Janssen , Curt Lahs , Ulrich Leman , Otto Pankok and Jean Paul Schmitz , Werner Schramm as well as Mathias Barz , Bernhard Gobiet , Theo Champion , Heinz May , Carlo Mense , Walter Ophey , Hans Rilke , Else Sehrig-Vehling , the brothers Otto and Karli Sohn-Rethel , Lorenz Bösken , Otto von Wätjen , Karl Schwesig , Harriet Ellen Siderovna von Rathlef-Keilmann , Carl Lauterbach , Arno Breker , Reinhold Ewald and Gert Heinrich Wollheim . In 1923 the “Rheingruppe” split off in order to reunite with the “Junge Rheinland” and others in 1928 to form the “Rheinische Sezession”. The reunion in the "Rhenish Secession" was founded by Julius Bretz together with some painter friends. In 1930 the annual exhibition of the "Rhenish Secession" with a commemorative exhibition for Walter Ophey took place in the Städtische Kunsthalle Düsseldorf .

In 1930 the “Rheingruppe” resigned from the umbrella organization “Rheinische Sezession” after violent internal disputes. Actions such as the demolition of the Rübsam - memorial for the fallen in March 1933 and the book burning of April 1933. On July 28th showed the speed with which the artists in Düsseldorf were 'cleaned up' after Adolf Hitler's appointment as Reich Chancellor on January 30, 1933 In 1933, the Minister for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda issued a decree after the artists' associations and art associations were brought into line and their members were transferred to the Reich Cartel of Fine Arts . The “Junge Rheinland” and the “Rheingruppe” went out in 1933. The “Rheinische Sezession” was dissolved in 1938 by decree. Reason: “The exhibitions have shown that we cannot speak of cooperation in the sense of cultural development. Rather, it has been shown that in the Rhenish Secession the spirit of those circles of the past that gathered around Flechtheim , Frau Ey and others is still present. "

In 1946 the "Rhenish Secession" was re-established. From her in 1949 on the initiative of Ludwig Gabriel Schrieber, the "New Rhenish Secession" split off.

The exhibition “Too good to be true” - The Young Rhineland will take place in the Museum Kunstpalast from February to June 2019 . The exhibition, as well as the accompanying publication, includes a group portrait of the inner circle around Johanna Ey, painted by Arthur Kaufmann in 1925.

literature

  • The Young Rhineland in the Rhenish Archive for artists' bequests . In: Daniel Schütz (Ed.): AnnoRAK: Messages from the Rhenish Archive for Artists' Legacies . No. 7 . Bonn 2019, ISBN 978-3-9813451-6-2 .
  • Kay Heymer with Daniel Cremer (ed.): Das Junge Rheinland “Too good to be true” , Kunstpalast, Düsseldorf, Wienand Verlag, Cologne, 2019, ISBN 978-3-86832-504-1
  • Annette Baumeister et al. (Ed.): The young Rhineland. Forerunners, friends, successors . Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2008 ISBN 978-3-7757-1989-6 series of publications Stadtmuseum Düsseldorf . Exhibition catalog, September 30 to December 30, 2006
  • Stefan Kraus : Walter Ophey 1882–1930. Life and work. With a catalog raisonné of the paintings and prints . Hatje, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-7757-0403-5 , (plus dissertation, University of Cologne 1991).
  • Ulrich Krempel (Ed.): In the beginning: The young Rhineland. On the art and contemporary history of a region 1918–1945. Municipal art gallery and authors, Claassen, Düsseldorf, 1985, ISBN 3-546-477715

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ City Museum State Capital Düsseldorf: The young Rhineland and co.
  2. ↑ see Lemma Hans Rudolf Hartung , on archive material and other participants
  3. ^ The Young Rhineland: first exhibition in the Kunsthalle from June 22 to July 20, exhibition cat., Bagel, Düsseldorf, 1919
  4. ^ Stefan Kraus, Walter Ophey 1882–1930: Life and Work, with a catalog raisonné of paintings and prints, Gerd Hatje, Stuttgart, 1993, pp. 30–31
  5. ^ Nicole Thesen: The Rhein Central art scene. Almost a century of art and culture in fast motion ( Memento of the original from April 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nicoleklemp.de
  6. ↑ Helmut Kronthaler: Hans Füsser. In: Eckart Sackmann (Ed.): Deutsche Comicforschung 2007 . Comicplus, Hildesheim 2006, ISBN 3-89474-168-6 , pp. 58-59.
  7. ↑ before his turn to National Socialism. Barbara Kaufhold calls him “ Fleischhacker's comrades-in-arms” in the Junge Rheinland, in: Das Werk Leopold Fleischhacker, exhibited virtually , in: Kalonymos 3, 2013, p. 9, note 1
  8. ^ Annual exhibition Rhenish Secession May / June 1930
  9. ^ Ordinance on the tasks of the Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda, dated June 30, 1933
  10. ^ Dagmar Bongart: Biography of the German painter Peter Janssen - life and artistic development