Arthur Kaufmann (painter)

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Arthur Kaufmann (* 7. July 1888 in Mülheim an der Ruhr , † 25. September 1971 in Nova Friburgo , Brazil ) was a German painter of Expressionism .

Life

After attending school in Mülheim an der Ruhr, Arthur Kaufmann went to the Düsseldorf Art Academy from 1904 to 1906 and studied painting with Peter Janssen . In the following years he stayed abroad for further study purposes, including in France, England and Italy. From 1913 he attended the Académie Julian in Paris as a student of Le Fauconnier .

After the First World War , Kaufmann returned to Düsseldorf in 1919 . Together with Herbert Eulenberg and Adolf Uzarski , he founded the artists' association Das Junge Rheinland . With the First International Art Exhibition in 1922 they attracted attention and caused a sensation. The center of the Young Rhineland artist group was the old town gallery “Junge Kunst - Frau Ey”. In 1925, Kaufmann painted his contemporaries grouped around the art dealer Johanna Ey : The portrayed v. l. right, front: Gert Heinrich Wollheim , Johanna Ey, Karl Schwesig , Adalbert Trillhaase ; back: the poet Herbert Eulenberg, Theo Champion , Jankel Adler , the actress Hilde Schewior (1896–1955), at the easel Ernst te Peerdt , next to him businessman himself, Walter Ophey , Otto Dix , his wife Elisabeth (1887–1968) and the Pedagogue Hans Heinrich Nicolini (1883–1961).

In 1929 Kaufmann founded the Municipal School for Decorative Art in Düsseldorf and took over the management of this facility.

After the National Socialists seized power , Kaufmann was dismissed for racial reasons. He then went into exile in The Hague in 1933 and emigrated from there to the United States in 1936 . Since Kaufmann initially had no opportunity to earn a living by selling pictures after emigrating , his wife Elisabeth, a trained psychologist, was able to provide material for him and the two children through her job. He earned his living as a portrait painter. In New York in 1938 he began work on the triptych Die Geistige Emigration (completed in 1964), which was to make him famous. Among the 38 portrayed were well-known exiles such as Ernst Bloch , Albert Einstein , Fritz Lang , Max Reinhardt , Thomas Mann , his children Klaus and Erika Mann , Martin Buber , Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster , Max Wertheimer , George Grosz and Jankel Adler .

After the Second World War - for the first time in 1953 - he returned regularly to Germany to accompany exhibitions of his works (mainly at his old places of work in Düsseldorf and Mülheim an der Ruhr). After the death of his wife in 1968, Kaufmann moved to live with his daughter Miriam in Friburgo, Brazil. He died there immediately after visiting Germany in 1971.

Exhibitions

  • 1937–1952: various exhibitions in New York
  • 1946: Collective exhibitions in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo
  • 1953: Collective exhibition in the Kunsthalle Düsseldorf : portraits, still lifes and landscapes
  • 1954: Exhibition in the Municipal Museum in Mülheim an der Ruhr
  • 1958: Collective exhibition on the occasion of his 70th birthday in the Jewish Museum, New York
  • 2008: Städtisches Museum Mülheim: The intellectual emigration, Arthur Kaufmann, Otto Pankok and their artist networks (catalog)

literature

  • Thieme / Becker: General Lexicon of Visual Artists from Antiquity to the Present , Volume 20, p. 5.
  • Herbert Eulenberg: The painter Arthur Kaufmann . In: German Art and Decoration, 1931.
  • At the beginning. The Young Rhineland , exhibition cat. Städtische Kunsthalle Düsseldorf 1985, p. 329ff.
  • Mülheimer Stadtspiegel 1991, Issue 9, pp. 13-16.
  • Ostracized - forgotten - rediscovered. Art of expressive representationalism from the Gerhard Schneider Collection , Museum Baden, Solingen-Gräfrath; ed. By Rolf Jessewitsch and Gerhard Schneider. Cologne: Wienand 1999. ISBN 3-87909-665-1
  • Barbara Kaufhold: Jewish life in Mülheim an der Ruhr , Klartext Verlag, Essen 2004, ISBN 3-89861-267-8 , pp. 175-181.
  • Andrea Grochut: Arthur Kaufmann visits Düsseldorf in: Beate Ermacora and Anja Bauer (eds.): The spiritual emigration: Arthur Kaufmann, Otto Pankok and their artist networks . Kerber Verlag, Bielefeld 2008, ISBN 978-3-86678-141-2 , pp. 92-96.
  • Annette Baumeister: The painter Arthur Kaufmann (1888–1971) . In: Jan-Pieter Barbian ; Michael Brocke ; Ludger Heid (ed.): Jews in the Ruhr area. From the Age of Enlightenment to the present . Essen: Klartext, 1999, ISBN 3-88474-694-4 , pp. 155–166

Other sources

  • City archive Mülheim an der Ruhr, holdings 1550 (Mülheim personalities)
  • City archive Mülheim an der Ruhr, holdings 1440 (press collection)
  • City archive Mülheim an der Ruhr, holdings 1510 (photo collection)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Arthur Kaufmann. Illustration Die Zeitgenossen , 1925 , the picture is in the Stadtmuseum Düsseldorf
  2. ↑ Painting by Arthur Kaufmann, Die Geistige Emigration , 1938/40, finished 1964/65; Names of those shown (PDF), compilation by Ulrike Reese, as of March 2008 ( memento of the original from March 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.restauratoren.de
  3. ↑ Caption to Die Geistige Emigration , in Docupedia-Zeitgeschichte by Claus-Dieter Krohn : Exilforschung. , accessed February 20, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Kaufmann, Arthur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German expressionist painter
DATE OF BIRTH July 7, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Mülheim an der Ruhr
DATE OF DEATH September 25, 1971
Place of death Nova Friburgo , Brazil