Rockenberg correctional facility

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Rockenberg correctional facility
Main entrance of the Rockenberg prison
Information about the institution
Surname Rockenberg correctional facility
Reference year 1811
Detention places 211
Employee 137
Institution management Klaus Ernst

The Rockenberg correctional facility is a penal institution of the State of Hesse for the execution of youth sentences and pre-trial detention for male adolescents in Rockenberg in the Wetterau district . The JVA is one of the oldest in the Federal Republic of Germany and was established in 1811 after the Marienschloss monastery was closed and the old monastery building from the 18th century was rebuilt. The Hessian cultural monument has been expanded significantly to the north over time for the needs of the prison and includes more than 200 prison places.

history

Marienschloss in 1840: barracks building on the left, behind the abbess building and the monastery church, on the right the new three-storey institution building

In 1803 Marienschloss Monastery came to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss and was designated a prison by Landgrave Ludwig X. in 1804 by decree of November 13, 1804. The last nine nuns left the monastery in 1809, which was converted into a "correctional institution" and occupied in 1811 by the first male and female prisoners in three converted wings of the former cloister . The catchment area was initially Hessen-Darmstadt, which was extended to Hessen-Homburg in 1833 and to the free imperial city of Frankfurt am Main in 1848. In 1823 the “Neue Caserne” with bedrooms and common rooms for the military guards (around 60 people) and the hospital were built, in 1835 the convent buildings around the cloister were increased by one floor due to overcrowding and the “Marien-Apotheke” was built. A large three-story building for work and bedrooms was built in the northern extension: the east wing as early as 1828, the west wing in 1829 initially two-story and in 1852 with a third, and in 1835 the north wing. A reform of the penal system in 1850 led to the modernization of the facility and the prison conditions as well as better medical care. In 1855 the name was changed to “Grand Ducal State Penitentiary”, which was occupied by 305 prisoners. The staff at the time consisted of 32 people and 65 as security guards. Because of overcrowding, some of the inmates were moved to the new Butzbach prison in 1894 and all female prisoners to Mainz in 1926.

To the north of the old monastery building, a cross-shaped cell building was built in 1907, the central, pan-optic dome structure of which enabled all cells in the four wings of the building to be monitored. In addition, a civil servants' housing estate with 15 houses for 30 apartments was laid out east of the site. New farm buildings were built in 1930. In 1936 it was renamed “Zuchthaus Marienschloß” and in 1939 it was converted into a youth penal institution for male adolescents. The average occupancy in 1937 was 408 people. The same number was added to the 360 ​​prisoners from the Rhineland in March 1945. At the end of the war, the Americans released almost all prisoners and occupied Marienschloss with 700 Polish prisoners of war, who were released to their homeland in the following months. From 1946 Marienschloss served as a juvenile prison again when the state of Hesse became the new owner. The Fliedner House, founded in 1954, was a branch in Groß-Gerau with 14 prison places in open prison. For financial reasons, it was moved to the Giessen prison in August 2004 after it had not been fully utilized for years.

The long-unused monastery buildings were modernized in 1960 and converted for solitary confinement. In 1962 the "dungeon building" gave way to the new building of "House E". 1964 was the inauguration of the 50-cell building, which was demolished again in 1989. The grounds of the institution were enlarged to the north in 1975 by an extension of the wall, where four new accommodation houses were inaugurated in September 1979. A heating plant was built outside the walls. In 1976 the old hospital was demolished in favor of a new security center with additional workrooms and in 1979 the dome was demolished. In 1985 the sports facilities and the school building and in 1994 the three-storey functional building "House E" were completed.

building

Monastery church and former abbess building (today administration of the prison)
Southeast corner

Marienschloss is located in the northwest of Rockenberg. Further to the northwest, the prison is directly adjacent to the Klosterwiesen nature reserve of Rockenberg .

The oldest buildings from monastic times are in the south of the site. The Marienkirche Rockenberg from 1749 made of light stone masonry serves today as an institution church, which is used simultaneously for Catholic and Protestant services. To the east of the church is the two-storey former abbess building from 1733, which connects the "old barracks" (probably 17th century) with the church. The abbess building is used today for the administration of the prison. It stands at an acute angle to the two-storey "Old Barracks", which is continued in the north in the slightly lower "New Barracks" from 1823. A row of arcades with open round arches marks the ground floor on both sides. The upper floor is covered by a gable roof.

In the north of the church is the cloister , whose south wing from the 14th century runs below the current church on the level of the previous buildings. The three-winged, former convent building, which adjoins the cloister to the north of the church, received its present form in 1835 when the monastery was converted into a penitentiary when it was extended. Today the east wing is used on both floors as an infirmary and the west wing is used for remand detention in the prison. A small roof ridge adorns the roof. Further north is another three-wing complex from the 19th century, which houses workshops and schools.

To the north of the former monastery complex are modern administration and farm buildings as well as the sports facilities including sports hall. “House E” (1962) comprises a teaching kitchen, bakery and car workshop on the ground floor, a “therapeutic center” on the upper floor and other cells on the third floor. In the far north there are four identical, elongated accommodation houses from 1979.

Execution

View from the chapter house of the church

The JVA is responsible for the execution of the youth penalty in the closed according to § 17 Youth Court Act . The male convicts are between 14 and 19 years old and come from all Hessian regional court districts. In the case of pre-trial detention according to § 72 JGG, they only come from a few Hessian district courts and some district courts . The average age is 18.3 years, the average prison term 16 months and the proportion of foreigners is 48.4%.

The young people are accommodated in four groups of eight to ten people in each house. Each of these residential groups is supervised by a social educator or social worker. In addition, there is a fixed number of civil servants in the general prison service . An essential element of the implementation is the school promotion and the mediation of proper school leaving certificates as a prerequisite for successful social reintegration. Around 90% of young people do not have a school leaving certificate. In addition, the prison has the training areas metal, construction and building decoration and food processing as well as auxiliary jobs in housekeeping.

literature

  • Alexander F. Fiolka: 675 years of Marienschloß. From the Cistercian monastery to the penal institution 1338 to 2013 (= contributions to the history of the monastery , issue 5). Culture and History Association Oppershofen eV, Rockenberg 2013.
  • Manfred Breitmoser, Alexander Fiolka: 200 years of prison. Aspects of building and economic, personal and social history from 1811 to 1870 (= contributions to the history of the monastery , issue 4). Culture and History Association Oppershofen eV, Rockenberg 2011.
  • Jascha Philipp Braun: “Ergasterium Disciplinarium” - “Breeding through work” in the Marienschloss state penitentiary. In: Messages from the Upper Hessian History Association, Giessen. Volume 93, Giessen 2008, ISSN  0342-1198 , pp. 357-378.
  • Horst Entorf, Susanne Meyer, Jochen Möbert: Evaluation of the prison system. Results of a nationwide field study. Physica-Verlag, Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-7908-1995-3 , limited preview in the Google book search.
  • Maria Pia Schindele, Christian Vogel, Alexander F. Fiolka: 200 years of secularization (= contributions to the history of the monastery , issue 1). Culture and History Association Oppershofen eV, Rockenberg 2003.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Heinz Wionski (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. Wetteraukreis II. Volume 2: Altkreis Friedberg, Friedberg-Wöllstadt. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 978-3-528-06227-9 , pp. 946-948.
  • Johann Gesser: Rockenberg in the Wetterau. A Wetterau village in the mirror of history, 1150–1950, a home book for the 800th anniversary. Rockenberg municipality 1950 ( online , PDF file).

Web links

Commons : Rockenberg Prison  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The establishment in numbers on verwaltung.hessen.de, accessed on October 25, 2016.
  2. ↑ The establishment in numbers on verwaltung.hessen.de, accessed on October 25, 2016.
  3. ↑ Entorf, Meyer, Möbert: Evaluation of the prison system. 2008, p. 96, limited preview in Google Book search.
  4. ↑ Breitmoser, Fiolka: 200 years of penal institution. 2011, p. 15.
  5. ↑ Breitmoser, Fiolka: 200 years of penal institution. 2011, p. 31.
  6. ↑ a b verwaltung.hessen.de: JVA Rockenberg: Geschichte , accessed on October 25, 2016.
  7. ↑ Breitmoser, Fiolka: 200 years of penal institution. 2011, p. 115.
  8. ↑ juramagazin.de: The Court of Auditors proposed closing the Fliedner House , accessed on October 27, 2016.
  9. ^ Fiolka: 675 years of Marienschloß. 2013, p. 67.
  10. ↑ Breitmoser, Fiolka: 200 years of penal institution. 2011, p. 52.
  11. ↑ Schindele, Vogel, Fiolka: 200 years of secularization. 2003, p. 30.
  12. ^ Fiolka: Church and monastery of the former Cistercian abbey Marienschloß zu Rockenberg. 2003, p. 52.
  13. ↑ verwaltung.hessen.de: Factual and local jurisdiction , accessed on October 25, 2016.
  14. ↑ verwaltung.hessen.de: School education in the Rockenberg prison , accessed on October 25, 2016.
  15. ↑ verwaltung.hessen.de: Vocational training in the Rockenberg prison , accessed on October 25, 2016.

Coordinates: 50 ° 26 '0.6 "  N , 8 ° 43' 55.4"  E