Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg
Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg [ ˈkɑːrlɔ ˈjuhɔ ˈstoːlbærj ] (born January 28, 1865 in Suomussalmi , † September 22, 1952 in Helsinki ) was the first President of the Republic of Finland from 1919 to 1925 .
Life
The lawyer Ståhlberg was a member of the Finnish state parliament and the Reichstag for several electoral terms . There he first represented the Young Finnish Party , then the liberal National Progressive Party . From 1908 to 1918 he taught as a professor of administrative law at the University of Helsinki and from 1918 to 1919 chaired the Supreme Administrative Court .
On July 25, 1919, Ståhlberg was elected President by a large majority in the Reichstag, supported by Liberals, Social Democrats and the Peasant Party ( presidential election 1919 ). The previous imperial administrator Gustaf Mannerheim was defeated as a candidate for the conservative and nationalist camp. Ståhlberg tried to mediate between the political camps hardened by the civil war and undertook social reforms . Despite the positive government record, he decided not to run for a second term in the hope of establishing a constitutional tradition that would give preference to the parliamentary principle over the presidential one.
From 1926 to 1946 he was a member of the Legal Committee and had a lasting influence on Finnish legislation.
Ståhlberg and his wife Ester were kidnapped on October 14, 1930 by armed supporters of the fascist Lappo movement . From Helsinki- Kulosaari they were brought to Joensuu and put under pressure to go into exile in the Soviet Union . The action failed and the co-conspirator Major General Kurt Martti Wallenius was removed from service.
In the 1931 and 1937 presidential elections , Ståhlberg ran again, but was defeated by Pehr Evind Svinhufvud by two votes in the third ballot in 1931 and missed an absolute majority by just one vote in the first ballot in 1937.
literature
- Tihonen, Seppo: The Finnish Presidency as an Institution. ( Memento of July 3, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), 1999
Web links
- Johan Lindberg: Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg Uppslagsverket Finland, 2010
- Newspaper article about Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg in the press kit 20th Century of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ståhlberg, Kaarlo Juho |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Finnish politician, member of the Reichstag, first President of Finland |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 28, 1865 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Suomussalmi |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 22, 1952 |
| Place of death | Helsinki |