Kyösti Kallio

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Kyösti Kallio

Kyösti Kallio (actually Gustaf Kalliokangas ) (born April 10, 1873 in Ylivieska , Grand Duchy of Finland , Russian Empire ; † December 19, 1940 in Helsinki ) was the fourth President of the Finnish Republic from 1937 to 1940.

Kyösti Kallio was the son of the farmers Mikko Kalliokangas and Pieta Knuutila. In 1906 he became a member of the newly founded Landbundes (later the Center Party of Finland ) and sat for this party from 1907 to 1937 in the Finnish Reichstag. In the Finnish Civil War of 1918 he was considered a " white man ", but then tried to achieve peace and refused to retaliate against the defeated Red Guards. Kallio advocated a republic as a form of government for Finland, which had become independent, and therefore gave up his post in the post-war Senate, whose MPs pleaded in large numbers for a monarchy. When the Republicans finally prevailed, Kallio resumed his mandate. He was President of the Finnish Reichstag five times . He served as Minister of Agriculture under Prime Ministers Oskari Tokoi , Pehr Evind Svinhufvud and Juho Kusti Paasikivi . He was also Prime Minister from 1922 to 1924, 1925 to 1926, 1929 to 1930 and 1936 to 1937. Kallio implemented various reforms in the agricultural and educational system and was a supporter of the prohibition that was in force in Finland until 1932 .

He was elected President in 1937. He was supported by the centrist / progressive parties and the social democrats who wanted to prevent the conservative Pehr Evind Svinhufvud from being elected. Although the President of the Republic is constitutionally the Commander-in-Chief of the Finnish Army , during the Winter War Kallio handed over the command of command to Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim , who had already shown himself capable in the Finnish Civil War .

Postage stamp (1941)

After ongoing health problems and in particular a stroke on August 27, 1940, Kallio announced his resignation on November 27 of that year. He died on December 19, 1940 during a formal farewell ceremony at Helsinki Central Station , just hours after Prime Minister Risto Ryti was elected to succeed him.

Since 1902 Kallio was married to Kaisa Nivala (1878-1954). The couple had six children: Vieno (1903–1938), Veikko (1906–1980), Kerttu (1907–1995), Kalervo (1909–1969), Kaino (1911–2001) and Katri (1915–2008). His daughters Kerttu and Katri also became members of the Reichstag, his son Kalervo a sculptor.

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personal data
SURNAME Kallio, Kyösti
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kalliokangas, Gustaf (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Finnish politician, member of the Reichstag, Prime Minister and State President
DATE OF BIRTH April 10, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Ylivieska , Grand Duchy of Finland , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH December 19, 1940
Place of death Helsinki