Russian Geographical Society
The Russian Geographical Society (Русское географическое общество) is a learned society founded on August 6, 1845 in St. Petersburg .
Surname
Until the Russian Revolution in 1917, it was known as the Imperial Russian Geographical Society . In 1926 the name was changed to State Geographical Society , in 1938 to Geographical Society of the USSR . After the dissolution of the Soviet Union , the original name was used again and the headquarters are in St. Petersburg.
| Period of time | German Translation of the name | Russian name |
|---|---|---|
| 1845-1850 | Soot. Geogr. Ges. | Русское Географическое Общество (РГО) |
| 1850-1917 | Kaiserl. Soot. Geogr. Ges. | Императорское Русское Географическое Общество (ИРГО) |
| 1917-1925 | Soot. Geogr. | Русское Географическое Общество (РГО) |
| 1925-1939 | State Geogr. Ges. | Государственное географическое общество (ГГО) |
| 1940-1992 | Geogr. Ges. Of the USSR | Географическое общество СССР или Всесоюзное географическое общество (ВГО) |
| 1992-1995 | Soot. Geogr. Ges. | Русское географическое общество (РГО) |
| 1995 –.... | Всероссийская общественная организация «Русское географическое общество» (ВОО «РГО») |
history
The founding members included Friedrich Benjamin von Lütke , Ferdinand von Wrangel , Wladimir Iwanowitsch Dal , Wladimir Fjodorowitsch Odojewski , Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve and Karl Ernst von Baer . The first president from 1845 to 1892 was Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolajewitsch of Russia , the son of Tsar Nicholas I , but the company was actually led by the respective vice-presidents Fyodor Petrovich Lütke (1845-1850 and 1855-1857), Count Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov-Wilensky (1850–1855), Pyotr Petrowitsch Semjonow-Tjan-Schanski (1873–1914) and Juli Michailowitsch Schokalsky (1914–1931).
Society was divided into four divisions, namely physical geography , mathematical geography , ethnography, and statistics .
Among other things, the society organized and financed the expeditions and research of Pyotr Alexejewitsch Kropotkin , Nikolai Michailowitsch Prschewalski , Nicolai Miklouho-Maclay , Pyotr Kuzmitsch Koslow , Vladimir Afanassjewitsch Obrutschew and Lev Semjonowitsch Berg . With financial support from the company, the first polar stations were set up in Russia. There was also research into Russian and Ukrainian folklore.
From 1847 to 1850, the society promoted systematic exploration of the northern Urals and later all of Siberia and Mongolia .
During the Soviet Union , the company was formed by Juli Michailowitsch Schokalski (1914-1931), Nikolai Ivanovich Wawilow (1931-1940), Lev Semjonowitsch Berg (1940-1950), Yevgeny Pavlovsky (1952-1954), Stanislaw Kaleschnik (1964-1977) and Alexei Fyodorowitsch Trjoschnikow (1977-1991) directed.
The society awards four different medals of honor, which are named after Lütke, Semjonow , Prschewalski and Deschnjow . By 1970 the Society had published more than 2,000 volumes of geographical literature, including the annual Zapiski (since 1846) and Izvestiya (since 1865) editions .
literature
- Claudia Weiss: How Siberia became “our”. The Russian Geographical Society and its influence on the images and perceptions of Siberia in the 19th century. V & R Unipress, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-89971-375-6 .