Hydria
As Hydra (Hydra, lat. Urna ; as a special form also kalpis ) refers to a type of water jar of the old Greeks , which was also used occasionally for the storage of other materials. In addition, it was used to store children's corpses , for secondary burials and for grave goods .
history
Hydria in geometric times were slender and long-necked, since the 6th century BC. The hydria was bulbous, short-necked shape. It has three handles , two smaller horizontal handles for lifting and a vertical handle at the rear for scooping and pouring. The hydria was carried with a pillow on the head or on the shoulder - horizontally when empty and vertically when filled.
In the standard form of black-figure vase painting of the 6th century BC, the neck, shoulder and body were separated from each other. The foot, body and neck were each made separately and then put together. For large specimens, the body also had to be made in two parts. From this developed around the year 500 BC A bulbous hydria with flowing contours, called kalpis, was the predominant form of hydria in the time of red-figure vase painting . It was made almost entirely in one piece, which required great technical skill and the easily workable Attic clay; only the foot was individually potted and then attached. However, there are also variants of black-figure Kalpis jugs.
In ancient times, the term "Kalpis" referred to both the standard form of the Hydria and the more rounded variant known today as the Kalpis.
literature
- Joseph Veach Noble: The Techniques of Painted Attic Pottery. Thames & Hudson, London 1988, pp. 47-49.
- Andrea Gorys : Dictionary of Archeology (= dtv 32504). Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-423-32504-6 , p. 200.
- Andrew J. Clark, Maya Elston, Mary Louise Hart: Understanding Greek Vases. A Guide to Terms, Styles, and Techniques. J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles 2002, pp. 98 f.
