Chapel Church (Brussels)

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The chapel church in Brussels

The Chapel Church ( Dutch Onze-Lieve-Vrouw-ter-Kapellekerk , French Église Notre-Dame de la Chapelle ) in Brussels is one of the oldest monuments in the Belgian capital. The Dutch name is colloquially mostly shortened to Kapellekerk , from which the common German name is derived. Occasionally the term Our Lady of the Chapel is also used .

history

A document from 1134 already mentions a chapel at this location. Duke Gottfried the Bearded (1095–1139) then had a chapel built between the first and second ring of the city wall in front of the Stenen Toren in what was then the weavers' quarter, which he then transferred to the Benedictine Abbey of the Holy Sepulcher in Cambrai under the abbot Parvinus, who placed one in the chapel Set up priory . The privileges of the community were extended in 1195 by Duke Heinrich I of Brabant , whereby the chapel is called "Capella Beatae Mariae extra muros oppidi Bruxellensis sita".

The chapel church has an eventful history of successive stages of partial destruction, fire, looting, bombardment and rebuilding, alterations and restorations that make it a milestone in the transition from Romanesque to Gothic .

The conversion of the chapel into a church began in 1210. A settlement developed outside the Brussels city walls, and the enlarged chapel became its second parish church in Brussels. The work was completed during the 13th century. The choir and transept were built in a Romanesque-Gothic mixed style between 1250 and 1275, in contrast to the nave, the current state of which is a flamboyant style from the 16th century, after the church - like the settlement - was partially destroyed by fire in 1475.

The church was looted by Calvinists in 1574 , who destroyed the facility. In 1695 it was damaged during the siege of Brussels by the French. From 1699 to 1708 the chapel church was restored, with the old tower being replaced by the current baroque bell tower by the Brussels architect Antoine Pastorana .

Pieter Bruegel the Elder

Pieter Bruegel the Elder moved to Hoogstraat 132 in 1562 and stayed in the Marollenviertel for the rest of his life. He married Maria Coecke van Aelst in the chapel church in 1563. She was the daughter of Pieter Coecke. Pieter Brueghel the Elder J. and Jan Brueghel the Elder Ä. are the biological sons of Maria Coecke van Aelst. Together with his wife, Pieter Bruegel the Elder also found his final resting place in the chapel church.

Another well-known personality who was buried in the chapel of the Church, Brussels is Gildemeister Frans Anneessens , the beginning of the 18th century an uprising against the local authorities of the Austrian Habsburgs led and was executed for this deed on 19 September 1719th Today he is honored for this as a freedom fighter.

The common people, on the other hand, were buried in a cemetery outside the church until 1822, which was located on the site of today's Kapellemarkt or Place de la Chapelle (sometimes also called Kapelleplein ).

Surroundings

Not far from the church is the home and workshop of Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Ä. as well as in the Cellebroerstraat 55 the well-known artist's pub “het goudblommeke in papier” (the golden paper flower), where artists like Magritte u. were regular visitors.

Furnishing

photos

  • Bell tower

  • Léon van Dievoet , Chapel Church with Houses on Rue des Alexiens (1941)

  • Christ statue above the main entrance

  • Detail of the baroque choir stalls

Extensive restoration work was carried out between 1989 and 1996.

Works of art

organ

The organ was built in 1890 by the organ builder Schijven. The slider chests -instrument has 22 registers on two manuals and pedal . The actions are pneumatic.

I Grand Orgue C-g 3
1. Bourdon 16 ′
2. Montre 8th'
3. Viol 8th'
4th Flute 8th'
5. Bourdon 8th'
6th Prestant 4 ′
7th Fifth 3 ′
8th. Fittings III
9. Trumpets 8th'
10. Clairon 4 ′
II Récit expressif C – g 3
11. Flute 8th'
12. Salicional 8th'
13. Voix Celeste 8th'
14th Flute 4 ′
15th Duplicate 2 ′
16. Fittings III
17th Trumpet harm. 8th'
18th Basson-Hautbois 8th'
19th Voix Humaine 8th'
Tremolo
Pedals C – f 1
20th Soubasse 16 ′
21st Octave basse 8th'
22nd Bombard 16 ′
  • Coupling I / I (sub-octave coupling), II / I, I / P, II / P

Notes and evidence

  1. ↑ Onze Lieve Vrouw ter Kapelle, History (Dutch)
  2. ^ Jean d'Osta: Dictionnaire historique des rues de Bruxelles.
  3. ↑ Pierre Mardaga (ed.): Le patrimoine monumental de la Belgique, Bruxelles, Volume 1 A, Pentagon AD, (1989), ISBN 2-8021-0092-0 , p. 244.
  4. ↑ sphinxfineart
  5. ↑ gettyimages.de: Sons of Maria Coecke
  6. ↑ heindorffhus.motivsamler.dk/ Bruegel
  7. ↑ flandern.de/ Marie Coecke
  8. ↑ eds / Schlaraffenland ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.eds.em.bw.schule.de
  9. ↑ Information on the organ

Web links

Commons : Kapellenkirche  - collection of images

Coordinates: 50 ° 50 ′ 30 ″  N , 4 ° 21 ′ 4 ″  E