Capitol complex in Chandigarh

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Capitol complex in Chandigarh
UNESCO world heritage UNESCO World Heritage Emblem

Palace of Assembly Chandigarh 2006.jpg
Parliament building
National territory: IndiaIndia India
Type: Culture
Criteria : (i) (ii) (vi)
Surface: 98.48 ha
Reference No .: 1321
UNESCO region : Asia and Pacific
History of enrollment
Enrollment: 2016  ( session 40 )

The Capitol complex in Chandigarh , the common capital of today's Indian states Punjab and Haryana , was designed and realized by the French-Swiss architect Le Corbusier in the 1950s. In 2016, the government complex was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List , along with another 16 of its buildings scattered around the world . Other buildings by Le Corbusiers and his colleagues, which were being built in Chandigarh at the same time, have not yet been included in the UNESCO list.

Historical background

Indian part of Punjab (1951–1966)

After the independence and partition of India in 1947, Lahore , the old capital of the Punjab, was in Pakistan ; only the smaller part of the fertile region remained Indian. Since the Indian state no longer had a capital, a village called Chandigarh was chosen as the location for the new establishment. International teams of architects played a decisive role in the planning and construction. In 1966, the southern part of Indian Punjab, inhabited by the majority of Hindus, was split off as the new state of Haryana , and the northern part of the state of Himachal Pradesh emerged . Chandigarh remained the joint capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana.

However, the status of Chandigarh remained in part controversial in the following decades. Nationalist Sikh politicians of the Akali Dal wanted to incorporate the city into the state of Punjab. In the Punjab Agreement of July 24, 1985 between Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and the Sikh leader and President of the Shiromani Akali Dal Harchand Singh Longowal , the affiliation of Chandigarh to the Punjab was agreed. However, this did not come about because the agreement was not implemented.

Architecture and sculpture

"Open hand"
Palace of Justice

A characteristic of many of Le Corbusier's buildings is his organic-sculptural style, which is particularly evident in the parliament building; in the case of the Palace of Justice, on the other hand, geometric-functional aspects are in the foreground.

Government building secretariat facade with brise-soleil (sunbreakers)

Both aspects are combined in the sculpture of the “open hand”, which is connected to an architecturally designed base; it refers to the ancient Buddhist gesture of greeting, protection and fearlessness ( abhayamudra ). At the same time, it can also be understood as a dove of peace .

literature

  • Carlo Cresti: Le Corbusier. Kunstkreis Luzern 1969, p. 38ff.

Web links

Commons : Chandigarh, Government Buildings  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rajiv-Longowal Memorandum of Settlement (Accord), July 24, 1985. The Sikh Times, accessed March 15, 2017 .

Coordinates: 30 ° 45 ′ 35 ″  N , 76 ° 48 ′ 10 ″  E