Karl Friederichs (zoologist)

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Karl Paul Theodor Friederichs (born October 13, 1878 in Wismar , † June 21, 1969 in Göttingen ) was a German zoologist , entomologist and colonial official.

Life

Karl Friederichs was the son of the businessman Adolf Friederichs (1850-1903) and his wife Emilie, née Paulsen (1848-1903).

He attended the large city school in Wismar, then studied law at the universities of Munich , Berlin and Rostock from October 1896 and passed the first state examination in November 1900. From November 1900 to October 1901 he did military service as a one-year volunteer . From October 1901 Karl Friederichs studied natural sciences at the universities of Strasbourg and Rostock and in 1905 in Rostock with his dissertation research on the emergence of the cotyledons and education of the midgut in beetles Dr. phil. PhD . He then volunteered at the Imperial Biological Institute for Agriculture and Forestry in Berlin-Dahlem until August 1906 , first assistant at the Zoological Institute at the University of Tübingen until April 1907 and first assistant at the Zoological Institute at the Agricultural University Berlin until March 1908 . From 1908 to 1911 he worked for the Brandenburg Fisheries Association as general secretary and scientific advisor and from 1911 to 1912 as an entomologist at the Tropical Institute in Hamburg .

In August 1912, Karl Friederichs was taken on as a plant pathologist in the Reich Colonial Service and initially deployed as a colonial official in Samoa from October 1912 to October 1913 . Here he examined the dangerous for the local plantation economy pests such as the rhinoceros beetle as a pest of coconut palm and cocoa cancer as a disease of cocoa and conducted research on the control options. From 1913 to 1914 he undertook extensive research trips to the eastern tropical countries, the South Seas and Africa on behalf of the Reich Colonial Office . After the outbreak of World War I , he was interned in Madagascar from July 1914 to autumn 1916 , was in captivity in southern France until 1917 and was extradited to Switzerland at the end of 1917 . In June 1918, he was released after Germany, was formally still remain employed at the Imperial Colonial Office in Berlin and habilitated in December 1918 in Rostock with his habilitation thesis studies of rhinoceros beetles as pests of the coconut palm .

From February 1919 he was the first private lecturer for applied zoology and accepted the license to teach at the University of Rostock. The Reich Colonial Office promoted Karl Friederichs to government and economy council in 1920 and dismissed him in 1921 with a small pension. In June 1921, at his own request, he was appointed a non-official extraordinary professor / titular professor with a teaching position for applied zoology and carried out pest research and pest control on the coffee plantations in Java from June 1921 to September 1924 while on leave from the University of Rostock . In 1926 he founded the Entomological Seminar of the University of Rostock, which was maintained with Reich funds, in which he worked from autumn 1927 to 1939 as co-director and from 1939 to 1941 as director. In the meantime he became a member of the advisory board of the International Agricultural Institute in Rome in 1927 and was visiting professor at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis from 1928 to 1929 .

In July 1934 he joined the NS teachers' association and the NSDAP's ring of sacrifices . From 1941 to 1945 Karl Friederichs worked as a full professor for applied zoology and director of the Institute for Applied Zoology at the University of Posen . In his retirement, Karl Friederichs lived in Eschwege (Northern Hesse) and in Göttingen after 1945.

He was married to Karla (* 1892), née Bastmann, since March 1913. Of the couple's four children, three later fell / died.

Honors

Fonts (selection)

  • Investigations into the formation of the cotyledons and the formation of the midgut in beetles . In: Nova Acta Leopoldina, 85, 3, Halle 1906 ( digitized version )
  • Studies on rhinoceros beetles as pests of the coconut palm. Report to the Reichs-Kolonialamt about a study trip carried out by order in 1913/14 . Monographs on applied entomology, supplements to the magazine for applied entomology, 4, Parey, Berlin 1919
  • The basic questions and laws of agricultural and forestry zoology, especially entomology. Volume 1, Ecological Part , Parey, Berlin 1930
  • The basic questions and laws of agricultural and forestry zoology, especially entomology. Volume 2, economic part , Parey, Berlin 1930
  • Ecology as a science of nature or biological spatial research . Barth, Leipzig 1937.
  • The self-creation of the living. Synoptic theory of life as a contribution to the philosophical foundations of natural science . Reinhardt, Munich 1955
  • Lifespan, aging and death in nature and in human life . Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1959

literature

  • Michael Buddrus , Sigrid Fritzlar: The professors of the University of Rostock in the Third Reich. A biographical lexicon , Saur, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-598-11775-6 , pp. 134-135.
  • Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 2944-2945 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Friederichs, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Friederichs, Karl Paul Theodor (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German zoologist, entomologist and colonial official
DATE OF BIRTH October 13, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Wismar
DATE OF DEATH June 21, 1969
Place of death Goettingen