Karl Gustav Bishop

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Karl Gustav Bischof (born January 18, 1792 in Wöhrd , today city of Nuremberg , † November 30, 1870 in Bonn ) was a geologist and chemist .

From 1810, Bischof first studied mathematics and astronomy in Erlangen , then chemistry and physics , completed his habilitation there, became professor of chemistry and technology in Bonn in 1819, professor of chemistry in 1822 and rector of the university in 1841/42 . He died November 30, 1870.

Early works

Works on the formation of mountain masses

In addition to his early works, Bischof delivered a series of geological works in which he represented completely new views on the formation of the mountain masses. This subheading includes:

  • The heat theory of the interior of our earth body, an epitome of all phenomena related to heat in and on the earth. Joh.Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig 1837 (archive.org)
  • About the glaciers and their relationship to the uplift of the Alps. 1843 and
  • About the formation of the quartz and ore veins. 1844.

Drilling of mineral springs and analysis

As a geologist, Bischof led the drilling of new, still used mineral water springs in the Ahr valley . In 1832 he drilled an additional source of the Heppinger Well, which has been known since 1565 . In 1852 he and Georg Kreuzberg , the founder of Apollinaris , opened the Apollinaris spring, only 800 meters from the Heppinger Brunnen. The partnership agreement between Georg Kreuzberg and Karl Gustav Bischof was dissolved in 1857. Bischof also participated in the chemical analysis of the ingredients of various mineral springs, for example in the analysis of the Heppinger mineral and medicinal water published in the Ahr Valley Guide of 1835 .

Works on mineral springs

  • The volcanic mineral springs of Germany and France, their origin, mixture and relationship to the mountain formations. Eduard Weber, Bonn 1826 Google Books
  • The mineral springs in Roisdorf near Alfter, not far from Bonn. Eduard Weber, Bonn 1826 Archives

Later works

In the years 1837–40, Bishop began investigations into the flammable gases developing in coal mines and into the safety lights. The price publication Des moyens de soustrahe l'exploitation des mines de houille aux dangers d'explosion (Brussels 1840) is related to this. He also developed a technical activity by founding the white lead factory near Burgbrohl on the mighty carbon dioxide exhalations in the area around Lake Laacher See in 1829 , discovered an excellent material for refractory vessels in the coal formation near Saarbrücken and devoted several years to improving metallurgical processes.

Bishop's main work, however, is his textbook on chemical and physical geology (2 volumes. Bonn 1847–54; 2nd edition. 3 volumes. 1863–1866; supplement 1871), in which for the first time with consequence on the chemical and mechanical effects in education the rocks were pointed out and which made him a co-founder of neo-septunism .

His public lectures held in Bonn in 1842 and 1843 were published in print in 1843.

  • Popular lectures on scientific subjects in the fields of geology, physics and chemistry . Adolph Marcus, Bonn 1843. (archive.org)

He also published popular letters to an educated lady on all areas of the natural sciences (2 volumes. Pforzheim / Bonn 1848–49).

  • Popular letters to an educated lady on all fields of science . First volume, Flammer and Hoffmann, Pforzheim 1848. (archive.org)
  • Popular letters to an educated lady on all fields of science . Second volume, Adolph Marcus, Bonn 1849. (books.google.de)

His last writing was:

  • The shape of the earth and the surface of the sea and the erosion of the sea floor . Adolph Marcus, Bonn 1867. (archive.org)

With Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger, Bischof took care of the editing of the Journal for Chemistry and Physics from Volume 21.

Honors

In 1818 he was accepted into the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . Since 1859 he was a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .

A mineral newly discovered in 1877 was named bishopite in his honor .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Walter Ottendorff Simrock: healing springs and mineral wells in the Ahrweiler district. In: Home chronicles of the Ahrweiler district. (= Home chronicles of the cities and districts of the federal territory. Volume 35). 1st edition. Cologne 1968, pp. 261–283, here p. 269.
  2. ^ Regional Association Rhineland, Rheinisches Museumamt: Wasserlust. Mineral springs and medicinal baths in the Rhineland. Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1991, p. 96.
  3. ^ Regional Association Rhineland, Rheinisches Museumamt: Wasserlust. Mineral springs and medicinal baths in the Rhineland. Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1991, p. 122.
  4. ↑ Ernst Weyden: The Ahr valley. A guide from the mouth of the Ahr to its source. Publishing house von Habicht, 1835, p. 36.
  5. ^ Member entry of Karl Gustav Christoph Bischof at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 12, 2015.
  6. ^ Entry by Karl Gustav Bischof at BAdW
  7. ↑ Carl Ochsenius : The formation of rock salt deposits and their mother liquor salts with special consideration of the seams of Douglashall in the Egeln'schen Mulde (PDF; 857 kB), Verlag Pfeffer, Halle 1877, p. 156 ff.

Web links

Wikisource: Gustav Bischof  - Sources and full texts

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personal data
SURNAME Bishop, Karl Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geologist and chemist
DATE OF BIRTH January 18, 1792
PLACE OF BIRTH Wöhrd , today the city of Nuremberg
DATE OF DEATH November 30, 1870
Place of death Bonn