Karl Werner (theologian)

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Karl Werner or Carl Werner (born March 8, 1821 in Hafnerbach in Lower Austria ; † April 14, 1888 in Vienna ) was an Austrian Catholic philosophy and church historian with a focus on the history of theology.

Live and act

Werner attended the Stiftsgymnasium Melk from 1830 to 1836 , was ordained a priest in 1843 and in 1845 at the Catholic Theological Faculty of the University of Vienna as Dr. theol. PhD. He was influenced by Anton Günther , whose dualistic anthropology he later modified using Thomasese terminology. In 1847 he was appointed professor of moral theology in St. Pölten, where he also taught metaphysics and moral philosophy and, from 1856, also patrology ; In 1865 he switched to the New Testament . In 1870 he became a university professor at the University of Vienna , where he also after retirement even religious philosophy read. In 1885 he was titular propst of Zwettl Abbey .

Werner fulfilled all expectations of a teacher of Catholic theology and proved this with canonical textbooks on morality, scholasticism, St. Thomas. But he also looked for the exciting questions from patristic and medieval history, from the schism between Eastern and Western churches, without fear of pre- and extra-Christian religiosity. As an Austrian he was able to maintain a balance between German and Roman theology, he studied the (“monistic”) humanism of Vico , but also the philosophy of the (condemned) Rosmini . He devoted his condemned ("dualistic") teacher Günther to various studies and sought out his Kant reception in Italian idealism. He also showed his sympathy for the condemnation of Bolzano , but did not dare to make an apology there. In contrast, he also devoted himself to the fashionable topics of psychology and idealistic aesthetics. With the "History of the apologetic and polemical literature of Christian theology" he had given German Catholic theology a compendium with which it could keep up with the Protestant competition, true to the Döllinger program of the Odeon lectures of 1863. In the first edition of his book on history of Catholic theology from Trent to the present (1866) he raves about the "blossoming of the theological schools in Munich, Tübingen, Gießen and Freiburg" and expresses solidarity with the "German Catholic theologians who are oriented towards the modern national striving for education". In conjunction with the large church lexicon by Heinrich Joseph Wetzer and Benedikt Welte , also in the continuation of Hergenröther's second edition, it supports a liberal, opening up theology. In the Kulturkampf, however, he remained completely unchallenged on the Roman side, also honored by those who decided to desert Rome, such as his biographer Heinrich Reusch .

Publications (selection)

  • System of Christian ethics . 3 volumes. Manz, Regensburg 1850-1852. 
  • Vote on Anton Günther's theological speculation with regard to its assessment by Dr. Clement. Regensburg 1853
  • Basic lines of philosophy. Regensburg 1855
  • Outline of a history of moral philosophy. Vienna 1858
  • Saint Thomas Aquinas . 3 volumes. Manz, Regensburg 1858-1859. , new edition 1889
  • Franz Suarez and the Scholasticism of the Last Centuries. 2 vol., Regensburg 1861, new edition 1889
  • History of the apologetic and polemical literature of Christian theology. 5 vols. Schaffhausen: Hurter 1861-1867. Reprint in Zeller Vlg Osnabrück: Permalink Austrian Library Association . downloadable from GoogleBooks
  • Enchiridion theologiae moralis. Vienna 1863
  • The news of the divine word of life. Schaffhausen 1864
  • Christian Gottlob Barth. 3 vols. 1865-1869
  • History of Catholic theology from the Council of Trent to the present day. (= History of the Sciences in Germany. Volume 6). Munich 1886.
  • Alcuin and his century. Paderborn 1867, 21880, new edition Vienna 1881
  • For orientation about the nature and task of Christian philosophy. Schaffhausen 1867
  • About the essence and concept of the human soul. Brixen 1865. 2nd edition 1868, Schaffhausen 3rd edition 1868
  • Speculative anthropology from the Christian-philosophical point of view. Munich 1870
  • The religions and cults of pre-Christian paganism. Schaffhausen 1871
  • The psychology of Wilhelm v. Auvergne. Vienna 1873
  • Wilhelm's v. Auvergne's relationship with the Platonists of the 12th century. Vienna 1873
  • The cosmology and natural science of the scholastic Middle Ages with a special relation to Wilh. v. Conches. Vienna 1874
  • On the metaphysics of the beautiful. Vienna 1874
  • Bede the venerable and his time. Vienna 1875
  • The course of development of medieval psychology from Alcuin to Albertus Magnus. Vienna 1876
  • The psychology and epistemology of Joh. Bonaventura. Vienna 1876
  • The psychology and epistemology of Joh. Duns Scotus. Vienna 1877
  • The language logic of Joh. Duns Scotus. Vienna 1877
  • About Giambattista Vico as a philosopher of history. Vienna 1877
  • Heinrich von Gent as a representative of Christian Platonism in the 13th century. Vienna 1878
  • Roger Baco's cosmology and general theory of nature. Vienna 1879
  • The psychology, epistemology and science of Roger Baco. Vienna 1879
  • Giambattista Vico as a philosopher and learned researcher. Vienna 1879. 21881
  • Emerico Amari in his relationship with GB Vico. Vienna 1880
  • Averroism in Christian Peripatetic Psychology of the Later Middle Ages. Vienna 1881
  • Gerbert v. Aurillac. Vienna 1878. new edition 1881
  • Kant in Italy. Vienna 1881
  • The scholasticism of the later Middle Ages . 4 volumes. Braumüller, Vienna 1881–1887. 
  • Augustinian Psychology. Vienna 1882
  • The nominalizing psychology of scholasticism in the later Middle Ages. Vienna 1882
  • The Cartesian-Malebranche philosophy in Italy. Vienna 1883
  • A. Rosmini's position in the history of modern philosophy, particularly in Italian. Vienna 1884
  • Idealistic theories of the beautiful in 19th century Italian philosophy. Vienna 1884
  • 19th century Italian philosophy. 5 vols., Vienna 1884-1886
  • Two philosophical contemporaries of GB Vico: PM Doria and Tomm. Rossi. Vienna 1886.
  • History of Catholic theology from the Council of Trent to the present day. Munich Leipzig 1889 (new edition for 1866)
  • Gügler. ADB 10, 95-99

Awards, honors

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Carl Werner: Theses ex universa theologia, quas in caesareo-regia scientiarum universitate Vindobonensi pro obtinendo doctoris in ss. theologia gradu academico publice defendendas suscepit Carolus Werner . ( Latin ). Type. Congregatio Mechitaristica , Viennae 1845, catalog list Austrian National Library .
  2. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association .
  3. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association .
  4. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association .
  5. ↑ a b Little Chronicle. (...) University. In:  Wiener Zeitung , October 4, 1877, p. 5, bottom left. (Online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrz
  6. ↑ Permalink German National Library ,
    Permalink Austrian Library Association .
  7. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association .

Web links

Wikisource: Karl Werner  - Sources and full texts
personal data
SURNAME Werner, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Werner, Carl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian theologian
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1821
PLACE OF BIRTH Hafnerbach in Lower Austria
DATE OF DEATH April 14, 1888
Place of death Vienna