Karlstor (Munich)

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East side of the Karlstor
Karlstor at night
The Karlstor in front of ...
... and after the demolition in 1857
Memorial to Herbert Jensen on the north side of the main archway
Figure of a court jester in the main archway, one of a total of four figures in the four corners

The Karlstor ( listen ? / I , called Neuhauser Tor until 1791 ) is the western city ​​gate of the historic old town of Munich . It was built around 1300 and after the main tower was demolished from 1861 to 1862 it was redesigned in the neo-Gothic style by Arnold Zenetti . Audio file / audio sample

location

The Karlstor stands at the western end of Neuhauser Straße in the so-called Kreuzviertel , which is part of Salzstraße and thus the east-west thoroughfare of the historic old town. It thus separates the historic old town from the Ludwigsvorstadt . In front of the Karlstor is the Karlsplatz ( Stachus ), today part of the old town ring and one of the busiest points in Munich.

history

A second city ​​fortification was built in Munich from 1285 to 1347, within the framework of which the Karlstor, then called Neuhauser Tor , was built. The Karlstor was first mentioned in a document in 1302. The Karlstor was expanded and fortified over the years. During the construction of the Stachus shopping center in 1970, an escape tunnel made of bricks was found with which soldiers, and possibly civilians, could get behind enemy lines or escape. A short piece is exhibited on the Brunnenplatz of the Stachus shopping center in the 1st basement.

From 1448 horse races were held every year during the Jakobidult on the route from Neuhauser Tor to Feldmoching .

In 1791, Count Rumford , at that time commander of the Bavarian army under Elector Karl Theodor , rebuilt the flank towers. In the same year the Neuhauser Tor was renamed Karlstor .

In 1857 the gunpowder stocks that were stored in the building next to the main tower exploded and damaged it so much that it later had to be torn down. The two flank towers were redesigned and later connected with a new bridge (neo-Gothic). From 1861 to 1862 Arnold Zenetti redesigned the Karlstor in a neo-Gothic style .

During the construction of the so-called “Stachus-Rondell” by Gabriel von Seidl from 1899 to 1902, the two flank towers were included and redesigned accordingly. In the Second World War severely damaged the Karlstor was built somewhat simplified again.

Along with the Isartor and Sendlinger Tor, the Karlstor is one of the three preserved city gates. Are no longer preserved u. a. the Angertor and the Schwabinger Tor .

monument

On the north side of the main archway is a memorial to Herbert Jensen (1900–1968), who proposed the establishment of a pedestrian zone. The three children making music come from Konrad Knoll , who he created for the Fischbrunnen in 1866 and who were not used again when the fountain was redesigned in 1954 by Josef Henselmann .

On the central vault there are four small stone sculptures on the four collars that represent Munich originals:

  • Northeast: Josef Sulzbeck (Kapellmeister and double bass player 1767–1845) as Baron Sulzbeck. Josef Sulzbeck was a Munich folk singer. He is associated with the saying "Hurraxdax, packs bei da Hax" from the Landler of the same name.
  • Southeast: Georg Pranger (musician and humorist 1745-1820) as a court jester holding a panpipe. Pillory, called "Prangerl", was the last Bavarian court jester under King Max I Joseph.
  • Southwest: Joseph Huber (Krämer and Bote 1763–1829) as a finesse. Joseph Huber was short and acted as a bearer of love letters. The saying “Nix Gwiss woass ma ned” is attributed to him.
  • Northwest: Franz Xaver Krenkl . He owes the saying “Wer ko, der ko”.

literature

  • Klaus Gallas : Munich. From the Guelph foundation of Henry the Lion to the present: art, culture, history . DuMont, Cologne 1979, ISBN 3-7701-1094-3 (DuMont documents: DuMont art travel guide).
  • Heinrich Habel, Johannes Hallinger, Timm Weski: State capital Munich - center (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.2 / 1 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-87490-586-2 .

Web links

Commons : Karlstor  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl Albert Regnet : Munich in the good old days. Munich 1879, p. 119 ( babel.hathitrust.org ).
  2. ↑ see data on Jensen in the German National Library under GND 1025242335

Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 20.5 ″  N , 11 ° 34 ′ 0.4 ″  E