Genoa Cathedral
The Cathedral of San Lorenzo (Cathedral of Saint Lawrence) is the cathedral church of the Archdiocese of Genoa and is located in the historical part of the city close to Porto Antico , the tourist port of Genoa . It was consecrated in 1118 by Pope Gelasius II . The construction of the medieval church began around 1100. However, it was not completed until the end of the 15th century. Because of this construction history spanning several epochs, the cathedral shows features of both Romanesque and Gothic architecture.
history
The first cathedral in Genoa was probably built in the 5th or 6th century and dedicated to the then Bishop San Siro . Excavations under the adjacent stone pavement and the place in front of today's front of the Chiesa di San Siro brought Roman wall ruins and road systems, as well as pre-Christian sarcophagi, to daylight. Accordingly, there was a high probability that there was an ancient cemetery on the site of the cathedral at that time. The title of the Cathedral Church was later given to the new St. Laurentius Cathedral. The construction of the Romanesque church building around 1100 was financed by the successful ventures of the Genoese fleet in the crusades .
The “move” of the cathedral accelerated the urbanization of the urban area, which became the center of Genoa with the construction of the city wall in 1155 and the merger of the old city centers Castrum , Civitas and Burgus . The cathedral was blessed by Pope Gelasius II in 1118 and received the rank of archbishop in 1133. During fighting between the Ghibellines and Guelphs in 1296, the building was badly damaged by fire. Between 1307 and 1312 the facade was completed and the colonnades including galleries restored. The Romanesque structure of the church had so far largely remained intact during the work.
In the period between the 14th and 15th centuries, numerous altars and chapels were added. The small loggia on the northeast tower was added in 1455. The opposite, in Mannerist style, dates from 1522. In 1550, the architect Galeazzo Alessi was commissioned to reconstruct the cathedral, but only carried out the roofing of the main and side aisles , the construction of the dome and the apse .
The construction of the cathedral was not completed until the 17th century. The dome and the medieval parts of the church were restored between 1894 and 1900.
Preserved church paintings
- Unknown Byzantine painter (around 1300): frescoes on the inner arch of the main portal (Christ with the apostles at the Last Supper) and on the inside of the left nave (Saint Peter and Saint George)
- Luca Cambiaso : frescoes on the chapel vault of the left aisle
- Barocci : crucifix with saints (Saint Sebastian)
- Gio Ansaldo : Ante of the organ construction with episodes from the life of St. Laurentius
- Lazzaro Tavarone : vault of the presbytery (direction and martyrdom of Saint Lawrence)
- Lazzaro Tavarone: Fresco from the demolished Pammatone hospital on the wall of the right aisle
- Gaetano Previati (circa 1914): The Holy Virgin
Preserved sculptures
- Romanesque sculptures with recognizable Como influence, outside portal San Giovanni, 11th century
- Romanesque sculptures with recognizable Pisa influence, exterior of the San Gottardo portal, 12th century
- Gothic sculptures in the main portals, Christ with Saint Laurentius and Jessebaum in the gate posts
- Statues in the San Giovanni chapel, works by Domenico Gaggini and Matteo Civitali
- Giacomo and Guglielmo della Porta , Giuliano Cybo Chapel
organ
The history of the organ dates back to the year 1391. Over the years there have been various organs. The present organ was commissioned in 1932 and completed in 1936, using the existing material from the organs that were already in existence at the time. The instrument was extensively restored and expanded between 2002 and 2003. The instrument has 70 sounding registers (and three transmitted registers in the pedal ) and an effect register on four manuals and pedal . The actions are mechanical.
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See also
Individual evidence
Web links
Coordinates: 44 ° 24 '27.7 " N , 8 ° 55' 53.4" E