Kilmartin
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Kilmartin Scottish Gaelic Cille Mhàrtainn |
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| Coordinates | 56 ° 8 ′ N , 5 ° 29 ′ W | ||
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| administration | |||
| Post town | LOCHGILPHEAD | ||
| ZIP code section | PA31 | ||
| prefix | 01546 | ||
| Part of the country | Scotland | ||
| Council area | Argyll and Bute | ||
| British Parliament | Argyll and Bute | ||
| Scottish Parliament | Argyll and Bute | ||
The village of Kilmartin ( Gaelic : Cille Mhàrtainn ) is located near the west coast of Scotland in the Council Area Argyll and Bute , the former county of Argyll . It stretches between Lochgilphead in the south and Ardfern and Kintraw in the north. The village is the center of Kilmartin Glen , the valley that surrounds the village.
geology
The Kilmartin Glen (valley) comprises an area created by glaciers in the Pleistocene , with flat hills that usually rise only about four meters above the river landscape. Many of the hollows carved out by the glaciers are filled with lakes, such as Loch Awe to the northeast. The significant cuts in the valley follow the ice age structures. The rocks themselves come almost exclusively from the Cambrian . The dominant minerals are quartz and shale , on the northern coast and in the east also epidiorites and hornblende . The area is too low to depict the succession of glaciations and interglacials that lasted 2.3 million years; the traces of the individual cold and warm periods were repeatedly overprinted by the following. The source region of the ice was the great bowl of Rannoch Moor in the northeast. The last significant glaciation ( Devensian , it corresponds to the Vistula Ice Age on the continent) took place 23,000–20,000 years ago. Previous glaciations in the area are likely, although difficult to assign. Some changes in the landscape can be attributed to the Holocene (beginning 11,000 years ago), such as the Moine Mhór bog complex . Anthropogenic factors have most markedly changed the landscape through deforestation , but this is difficult to date.
- Kilmartin
Ri Cruin stone box
Stone box with petroglyphs
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Archaeological sites
The area is a center of historical and archaeological heritage. There are more than 350 monuments in or around the village. 150 of them are prehistoric. These include:
- Megalithic sites , long beds and cairns , including the Cairns of Auchoish , Baroile , Glebe and Kilchoan
- Burial mound
- sea near stone boxes : Barsloisnoch, Kilbride , Nether Largie Mid , Poltalloch and the stone box plate from Badden
- Menhirs and rows of stones like Ballymeanoch
- Stone Circles of Temple Wood
- Henges
- Duns and forts , such as Dun Ardifuir I , Dunadd and Castle Dounie
- Rock carvings , especially cup-and-ring markings
- Crannógs in the Kilmartin Valley
- the cave of Duntroon
- the Abri of Crinan Ferry
- the multiple cult place Kintraw
Outstanding are:
- Nether Largie South , Nether Largie North
- Dunchraigaig Cairn and Ri Cruin
- Achnabreck and Cairnbaan
- Temple Wood
- Ballymeanoch
No less interesting are the Burnt Mounds and the remains of the fortress of Dunadd , the capital of the Dalriada kingdom with the rock carving of a boar .
See also
literature
- The Royal Commission on the Ancient and historical Monuments of Scotland: Kilmartin Prehistoric and Early Historic Monuments. An Inventory of the Monuments Extracted from "Argyll, Volume 6". The Royal Commission on the Ancient and historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS), Edinburgh 2008, ISBN 978-1-902419-03-9 , pp. 1-100.
