Thin

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Thin
Extensive beech plenter forests characterize the middle dune

Extensive beech plenter forests characterize the middle dune

Highest peak Kuppe in the Keulaer Wald ( 522.3  m above sea  level )
location Eichsfeld district , the district Nordhausen , Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis and Kyffhäuserkreis ; Northwest Thuringia ( Germany )
Part of the main unit Ringgau – Hainich – Obereichsfeld – Dün – Hainleite , Thuringian Basin (with edge plates)
Classification according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Dün (Thuringia)
Thin
Coordinates 51 ° 22 ′  N , 10 ° 15 ′  E Coordinates: 51 ° 22 ′  N , 10 ° 15 ′  E
Type Layered mountain range
rock Shell limestone
surface 270 km²
p1

The Dün , also called Dünwald , is up to 522.3  m above sea level. NHN high mountain range of around 270 km² in the north-western edge of the Thuringian basin . It is located in the northwest of Thuringia in the districts of Eichsfeld and Nordhausen as well as in the Unstrut-Hainich district and Kyffhäuserkreis . Half of the ridge is forested and consists of shell limestone .

geography

location

The Dün is located in the city triangle of Heiligenstadt (Eichsfeld district) in the north-west, Bleicherode (Nordhausen district) a little away from the ridge in the northeast and Mühlhausen (Unstrut-Hainich district) in the south, which is also a little further away .

The steep northern flank of the ridge stretches in an almost 40 km long arc, first sloping southeast and then northeast, along the Leine and Wipper valleys around 200 m lower . It extends from (each south of the named places) Heiligenstadt in the west past Leinefelde and the Eichsfelder gate near Sollstedt to Großlohra in the east-northeast. From this line, the ridge gradually extends southeast to the Thuringian Basin between Mühlhausen and Ebeleben . From Heiligenstadt to the edge of the Volkenroder forest , the slope extends to the southeast over a length of about 33 km, further east it is significantly less (depending on the location and the demarcation about 11 to 15 km).

Parts of the Eichsfeld-Hainich-Werratal nature park spread out on the western part of the ridge to the west of the B 247 .

Delimitation to the Upper Eichsfeld

The southwest border to the Upper Eichsfeld follows in the southeast of the upper Unstrut upstream from Dachrieden to Dingelstädt and in the northwest of the Geislede from Kreuzebra via Geisleden to Heiligenstadt. At the saddle south-east of Kreuzebra, the elevation is just under 470 m.

Demarcation from the Hainleite

The middle Helbetal of the Helbe from its northernmost point south-eastwards to Wiedermuth north of Ebelebens forms a comparatively sharp southern eastern border to the Hainleite .

To the north this line blurs somewhat; The border from Großlohra to the Helbe runs from north to south as follows: Renkgraben with Landesstraße  1016, Wurzelweg (L 1033), Kaltes Tal and Martinsgrund .

This demarcation corresponds in particular to the designation of protected areas; so the limit from the root runs along the path and the Renkgrabentals conservation area Dün-Helbetal to reserve Western Hainleite . It also corresponds to the names on cards. The mountain saddle between the two mountain ranges is now at a good 410 m on the root path.

In the area around Sollstedt, a slightly different border course is commonly assumed, see the corresponding section in the Hainleite article , in particular the following subsection.

Natural allocation

According to the classification of the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany together with the Kassel sheet (1969), the Dün is assigned as follows:

The Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) has created a slightly different structure according to the landscape profiles:

  • 48301 Dün and Hainleite (for the predominantly wooded northern parts of the Dün)
  • 48300 Ringau Obereichsfeld as well as the southern roofing of Dün and Hainleite (for the predominantly unwooded southern roofing of the Dün)

The Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG) has a somewhat coarser natural system, according to which the Dün is part of the Hainich – Dün – Hainleite unit .

Mountains and elevations

View from the Deuna cement plant eastwards to Vollenborn am Dün
View to the western Dün with the Heiligenberg near Wingerode

The mountains and elevations of the Dün and its southern roof include - sorted by height in meters (m) above sea ​​level (NHN):

geology

Rock demolition in the Dün: the devil's holes near Hüpstedt

The near-surface geological subsoil in the dune is formed almost exclusively by the limestone and marl as well as clayey intermediate layers of the lower shell limestone .

The steep slope of the Dün is designed as a layered step. The main stage builder is the Upper Wavy Limestone and, in particular, the so-called foam limestone zone, a section of the Lower Muschelkalk . The flat alternating layers of the lower corrugated limestone are on the middle slope. The foot of the step slope is made up of the red shale and the plaster of the Upper Buntsandstein ( red ). This so-called red base is usually not forested. The limestone step runs almost in a straight line and is at most abruptly disturbed by the Worbiser Graben, a ditch that runs parallel to the Leinegraben and that encroaches on the dune from the north near Kallmerode.

To the south and southwest, the steep step is followed by the slightly inclined thin plateau. In the direction of the Thuringian Basin, the rocks of the shell limestone are overlaid by loess .

Among the rocks made of shell limestone and red sandstone are rock and potash salts from the Zechstein .

To the south of Deuna, limestone is extracted in a large open-cast mine , which is used as a raw material for cement production in the nearby Deuna cement works.

Forest areas

Larger forest areas within the Dün with proper names are Geisledener and Beurener Wald and the Dingelstädter Stadtwald in the western Dün, Dünholz, Beberstedter and Hüpstedter Wald in the middle Dün as well as Keulaer, Holzthalebener , Niedergebraer and Obergebraer Wald or Mittelwald in the eastern Dün.

The forests of the Dün are subject to intensive forest use . Plenter forest management is widespread in the private forests of the foliage cooperatives Holzthaleben, Keula (among others). State and communal forests are predominantly used as age-class forests. The main tree species is the common beech.

The forest areas Mühlhäuser Hardt and Volkenroder Wald are located on the otherwise less forested southern roof of the Dün .

Protected areas

Parts of the landscape protection area (LSG) Obereichsfeld ( CDDA -Nr. 390325; 2009; 384.7677  km² ) lie on the western part of the Dün west of the federal highway 247 , while the LSG Dün-Helbetal (CDDA-No. 320473; 1963; 55.9256 km²).

From the mid-1980s, the establishment of the Mittlerer Dün landscape protection area was planned by the organs of the GDR , which was to extend from the Bektiven reservoir, over the Wingert, the Alte Burg and the Sonder to the Dünwald south of Kleinbartloff. A protection was finally placed after 2004 by the Free State of Thuringia as FFH area No. 199 Mittlerer Dün (DE 4628-30).

These nature reserves (NSG; with CDDA no., Year of designation and size km² / ha ) are located in the ridge and peripheral areas , sorted by size:

Attractions

Among the attractions in Duen include:

From the edge of the Dün, there are excellent distant views of the Leine and Wipper valleys, the Eichsfeld and the mountain ranges of Ohmgebirge, Bleichröder Mountains and Harz mountains behind . The following viewpoints are among the attractions of the Dün:

economy

The area of ​​the Dün is a landscape mainly characterized by agriculture and forestry. At the beginning of the 20th century there was a certain industrialization with the construction of numerous potash shafts. The following pits existed on and on the dune:

As a larger industrial company, the Deuna cement works has been operating a large open-cast mine for the extraction of limestone on the northern edge of the dune since 1975 . Around 2 million tons of limestone are mined there every year. The expansion of the opencast mine caused unrest and protests in the population of the neighboring communities in the summer of 2014.

Traffic and walking

The steep drop in the dune forms an obstacle to traffic development. The ridge is therefore away from major traffic routes and only a few streets cross it. As the most important road connection it crosses the federal highway 247 between Dingelstädt and Leinefelde , a little to the east the railway line Gotha – Leinefelde runs between Dachrieden and Bektiven . The railway lines of the Obereichsfelder Kleinbahn (from Silberhausen to Hüpstedt) and Greußen-Ebeleben-Keulaer Eisenbahn (from Ebeleben to Keula) built with the potash shafts were shut down with the end of the potash industry. The Eichsfeld hiking trail , among other things, leads through the Dün .

literature

  • Rolf Aulepp: The castles and old streets of the Dün. In: Eichsfelder Heimathefte, issue 1/1985 pages 65–74 and issue 2/1985 pages 144–151
  • Rolf Aulepp: The ski jump on the Schönberg des Düns and the Katzenburg. In: Contributions to local history from the city and district of Nordhausen 17 (1992), pages 52-57
  • Helmut Heiland: Local geology of the Eichsfeld (7). The thin. In: Eichsfelder Heimatzeitschrift. Vol. 59 (2015), Issue 6, Pages 210-212

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Measurement via geographic paths , according to natural spatial limits; without Helbetal and without Unstrut and Geisledetal (kmz; 7 kB)
  2. ↑ a b c d Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  3. ^ Emil Meynen , Josef Schmithüsen (editor): Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (6th delivery, 1959 - main unit groups 39–57; Eastern low mountain range plus foreland, Lower Rhine and North Westphalia); Pages 609-882
  4. ^ Hans-Jürgen Klink: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 112 Kassel. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1969. →  Online map (PDF; 6.9 MB)
  5. ↑ The eastern Dün and the Hainleite were already east of the Kassel sheet. Since no more East German map sheets were planned at the time of the Kassel sheet (1969), no more in-depth numbering of the natural area 483.0 was carried out.
  6. ↑ Landscape profile Dün and Hainleite  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on bfn.de@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bfn.de  
  7. ↑ Landscape profile Ringgau Obereichsfeld and the southern roofing of Dün and Hainleite  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on bfn.de@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bfn.de  
  8. ^ Walter Hiekel, Frank Fritzlar, Andreas Nöllert and Werner Westhus: The natural spaces of Thuringia . Ed .: Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), Thuringian Ministry for Agriculture, Nature Conservation and Environment . 2004, ISSN  0863-2448 . → Natural area map of Thuringia (TLUG) - PDF; 260 kB → Maps by district (TLUG)

  9. ↑ The Dün is a mountain and mountain name after: → The microtoponyms of the district Heiligenstadt , on sprachwissenschaft.uni-jena.de (PDF; 3.5 MB)
  10. ↑ Gerhard Baumgarten, Bernhard Pusch: The middle thin should be a landscape protection area. In: Eichsfelder Heimathefte 29th vol., Issue 1 (pages 44–52) and Issue 2 (pages 131–146)
  11. ↑ FFH area Middle Thin .pdf
  12. ↑ Reiner Schmalzl: Compromise on limestone open-cast mining in Zaunröden mostly welcomed. In: Mühlhäuser Allgemeine from February 20, 2015, S. TAMU2.

Web links

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