Klara Blum

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Klara Blum ( Chinese 朱白兰 / 朱白蘭 ; pinyin: Zhũ Báilán; born November 27, 1904 in Czernowitz , Austria-Hungary ; † May 4, 1971 in Guangzhou / China ) was a German-speaking Jewish, Austrian, Soviet and Chinese writer .

Live and act

After her childhood in Chernivtsi, Klara Blum came to Vienna with her mother in 1913 . There she began to study psychology in 1923 , which she had to abandon for economic reasons. She worked as a journalist for various newspapers. A staunch Zionist , she went to Palestine in 1929 , but soon returned to Austria disappointed . She became a member of the SDAP and was particularly committed to women's emancipation . In 1933 she was a member of the Association of Socialist Writers . In the early 1930s, the question of the united front with the communists, which Blum advocated, led to a break with Austrian social democracy. The author approached the " International Association of Revolutionary Writers ", from which she was awarded a prize in 1934, which was connected with a study trip to the Soviet Union . This study trip became a permanent residence; In 1935 Klara Blum received Soviet citizenship .

In the Soviet Union, Klara Blum published several volumes of poetry in German. In 1937 she had a brief love affair with the Chinese journalist and director Zhu Rangcheng (Chinese: 朱 穰 丞; pinyin: Zhū ​​Rángchéng ), which was to determine Blum's future life. When Zhu disappeared without a trace after four months, Blum did not want to believe there was a connection with the waves of Stalinist arrests, but assumed that her lover was on a secret mission in the Republic of China . In fact, after his arrest by the Soviet authorities, Zhu was taken to a Siberian camp , where he died in 1943. Until 1945, Blum was refused to leave the Soviet Union.

After the end of the Second World War , Klara Blum finally made her way to the Republic of China (from 1949 People's Republic) via stations in Warsaw , Prague , Budapest , Bucharest and Paris . She persisted in believing that Zhu was still alive and settled in China to find him. In 1952 she became professor for German language and literature at the University of Nanjing , and in 1957 at a university in Guangzhou. In 1954, the communist, who was convinced until the end of her life, took on Chinese citizenship and carried the name Zhu Bailan. A few German-language works by her appeared in the GDR , including the novel The Shepherd and the Weaver , in which she described her relationship with Zhu Rangcheng.

In 2008, Klara-Blum-Gasse in Vienna- Donaustadt (22nd district) was named after her.

Works

  • The answer , Moscow 1939
  • We decide everything , Moscow 1941
  • Danube Balladen , Moscow 1942
  • Battlefield and Globe , Moscow 1944
  • The shepherd and the weaver , Rudolstadt 1951
  • The Song of Hong Kong , Rudolstadt 1959
  • The long way , Berlin 1960

Translations

  • Li Ji: Wang Gue and Li Hsiang-Hsiang , Beijing 1954

literature

  • Blum, Klara (Dshu Bai-lan) . In: Lexicon of socialist German literature. From the beginning until 1945. Monographic-biographical accounts . Verlag Sprach und Literatur, Halle (Saale) 1963, DNB 453033660 , pp. 105-106.
  • Nora Chelaru: Klara Blum as a columnist and journalist for the "Ostjüdische Zeitung" (1924–1929) . In: Andrei Corbea-Hoisie / Ion Lihaciu / Markus Winkler: Newspaper City of Chernivtsi. Studies on the history of the German-language press in Bukovina (1848-1940) . Parthenon, Kaiserslautern / Mehlingen, 2014, ISBN 978-3-942994-07-1 .
  • Nora Chelaru: Klara Blum's Zionist image of Jews in the periodicals Ostjüdische Zeitung (Czernowitz) and Der Juden Arbeiter (Vienna), 1924-1933. Study and texts . In: Andrei Corbea-Hoișie / Sigurd Paul Schleichl: Cultures on the “peripheries” of Central Europe (using the example of Bukowina and Tyrol) . Ed. Universităţii “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”, Iaşi, 2015, ISBN 978-606-714-122-1 , and Hartung-Gorre, Konstanz 2015, ISBN 978-3-86628-528-6 .
  • Lothar Quinkenstein : Memory of Klara Blum: Essays and reviews from Central Europe . Röhrig Universitätsverlag, St. Ingbert, 2015, ISBN 978-3-86110-587-9 , pp. 171–188.
  • Claus Stephani : "Green Mother Bukowina": German-Jewish writers from Bukowina; documentation in manuscripts, books and pictures. Catalog for the exhibition of the same name from April 22nd to June 25th 2010. House of the German East Munich . House of the German East, Munich, 2010, ISBN 978-3-927977-27-3 .
  • Yang Zhidong: Klara Blum - Zhu Bailan (1904–1971). Life and work of an Austro-Chinese writer . Lang, Frankfurt am Main [a. a.] 1996 (= research on literary and cultural history ; 55th), ISBN 3-631-30062-X (also dissertation at the University of Siegen 1995).
  • Yang Zhidong (Ed.): Klara Blum. Annotated selection edition . Böhlau, Vienna (among others) 2001, ISBN 3-205-99152-4 .
  • Blum, Klara. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 3: Birk – Braun. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-598-22683-7 , pp. 184-186.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Blum, Klara
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zhu Bailan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-speaking Jewish, Austrian, Soviet and Chinese writer
DATE OF BIRTH November 27, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Chernivtsi , Bukovina
DATE OF DEATH 4th May 1971
Place of death Canton , China