Small fort Duttenberg
Map with all coordinates: | Small fort Duttenberg | |
|---|---|
| Alternative name | Duttenberg bank fort |
| limes | ORL - ( RLK ) |
| Route (RLK) | ORL route 10 Neckar-Odenwald-Limes Odenwald line |
| Dating (occupancy) | unknown |
| Type | Small fort |
| unit | unknown |
| size | approx. 25 m × 30 m |
| State of preservation | invisible soil findings |
| place | Bad Friedrichshall - Duttenberg |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 14 ′ 47 " N , 9 ° 11 ′ 37" E |
| height | 155 m above sea level NHN |
| Previous |
Small fort Gundelsheim (north) forts of Neckarburken (north) |
| Subsequently | Kochendorf small fort (south) |
The small fort Duttenberg (in older literature also: Uferkastell Duttenberg ) was a Roman military camp , the crew of which was responsible for security and surveillance tasks on the Odenwald Limes. Today's ground monument is located south of the settlement area of Duttenberg , a district of Bad Friedrichshall in the north of Baden-Württemberg .
location
The site is located on a terraced plateau immediately northwest of the Jagst at a point on the river where, in ancient times, a Roman road led to a presumed ford. Today the ground monument, which for the most part has not been built over, is located on an agricultural area north of the historic hydroelectric power station.
Research history
The Imperial Limes Commission (RLK) already suspected a fort at this point and uncovered large amounts of fragments, including sigillates , when investigating Roman roads and paths . Since such a finding usually speaks in favor of a larger human settlement nearby, the immediate vicinity was investigated more closely. But it was only in May 2011 that aerial photo archaeologist Otto Braasch , who worked on behalf of the Baden-Württemberg Archaeological Monument Preservation , succeeded in determining the actual location of the small complex. It turned out that the RLK had identified parts of the vicus of this fortification.
Fort
The rectangular, around 25 m × 30 m large fort was first documented photographically. It was a little further north from the site investigated in the 19th century. Systems of this type were designed for a crew of 20 to 30 men.
Vicus
From the small camp village ( vicus ) , the RLK exposed a rectangular, 5.10 m × 2.75 m large cellar, which must once have been covered with strips and hollow bricks. Furthermore, a 5.10 m × 2.75 m measuring barrack pit, a well with a 1.37 m diameter and a fireplace.
In 2011, Brasch was able to detect an almost 15 m wide road body in this area, which had the typical drainage ditches for the rain and melt water on the flanks. It is believed that this road led from the Wimpfen fort in the valley across the Neckar to the civilian settlement opposite near Offenau and from there crossed the Limes near Duttenberg.
Limes course south of the small fort Duttenberg
According to the old hypotheses, the Limes would have run further south from Duttenberg and finally met the Neckar opposite Wimpfen in the valley. Two watchtowers were postulated on this route. Due to the more recent discoveries of the watchtowers Wp 10/80 and Wp 10/81 as well as the small fort Kochendorf , current research assumes that the course of the Limes at Duttenberg changed its direction. He ran east behind Jagstfeld and crossed the stove at Waldau. So he drew a wide arc around the Wimpfen fort on the east side of the Neckar . How far and in what course it moved further south, and at which point it finally met the Neckar, is completely unclear.
| ORL | Name / place | Description / condition |
|---|---|---|
| KK | Small fort Duttenberg | see above |
| Wp 10/78 (?) | "At the clay pit" | Due to the distance between the watchtowers as well as the topographical conditions originally assumed, but never archaeologically proven tower site. Meanwhile rather questionable at this point. |
| Wp 10/79 (?) | "On the high street" | Due to the distance between the watchtowers as well as the topographical conditions originally assumed, but never archaeologically proven tower site. Meanwhile rather questionable at this point. |
| ORL 54/55 | Wimpfen Castle in the valley | |
| KK | Kochendorf small fort |
Monument protection
The bank fort Duttenberg and the aforementioned ground monuments are protected as cultural monuments under the Monument Protection Act of the State of Baden-Württemberg (DSchG) . Investigations and targeted collection of finds are subject to approval, and accidental finds are reported to the monument authorities.
See also
literature
- Ernst Fabricius , Felix Hettner , Oscar von Sarwey (ed.): The Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes of the Roemerreich . Department A, Volume 5: Route 10 (The Odenwald Limes from Wörth am Main to Wimpfen am Neckar). Petters, Berlin and Leipzig, 1926 and 1935, p. 119 f. and panel 14, fig. 7.
- Egon Schallmayer : The Odenwald Limes. Along the Roman border between the Main and Neckar. Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2309-5 , p. 146 f.
- Egon Schallmayer (Ed.): The Odenwald Limes. Latest research results. Contributions to the scientific colloquium on March 19, 2010 in Michelstadt . Saalburgmuseum, Bad Homburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-931267-07-0 (Saalburg-Schriften, 8).
- Karl Schumacher : Roman settlement near Duttenberg an der Jagst . Find reports from Schwaben 4, 1896. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart 1897, p. 30 ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Report on the discovery of the fort on the website of the city of Bad Friedrichshall ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c Report on the discovery of the fort on STIMME.de .
- ↑ Egon Schallmayer: The Odenwald Limes. Along the Roman border between the Main and Neckar. Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2309-5 , pp. 151-154.
Remarks
- ↑ ORL = numbering of the Limes structures according to the publication of the Reich Limes Commission on the O bergermanisch- R ätischen- L imes
- ↑ KK = unnumbered K linseed K astell
- ↑ Wp = W oh p east, watch tower. The number before the slash denotes the Limes section, the number after the slash denotes the respective watchtower.
- ↑ 49 ° 13 '32.5 " N , 9 ° 13' 31.25" E
- ↑ 49 ° 13 '32.5 " N , 9 ° 13' 31.25" E