Small locomotives in Sweden
Small locomotives (or rail tractors ) are used in many countries for shunting individual cars or groups of cars. Small locomotives have been in service in Sweden since 1926 .
history
Up until the 1920s , horses were used in Sweden to move individual freight wagons , especially within industrial connections. Steam locomotives were used for larger shunting tasks .
Lambert Bjurström, who worked in the engineering industry, realized that small motor-driven locomotives would be much more effective. Based on a Ford engine that drove the drive axle with chains, he constructed a simple rail tractor. Bjurström worked with AB Slipmaterial in Västervik. If necessary, he used their free workshop capacity and began series production in his company Bjurström AB Slipmaterial in 1925 . The small locomotives quickly became popular. After the construction of over two hundred shunting locomotives for private railways and industrial companies, production at Bjurström was stopped in 1947.
Statens Järnvägar (SJ) also ordered such locomotives from Bjurström. The first copies were delivered in 1926, but were not given a number and the series designation Zm until 1933 . They were the type Bjurström 8 , had a Fordson - gasoline engine , a four-speed gearbox , a wheelbase of two meters and a 80-gallon tank. The pulling force of the locomotives was 200 tons. In 1928 a vehicle cost 8,500 crowns without a roof. From number 33 onwards, the cab was the full width of the locomotive and doors were installed.
Many of these locomotives came to SJ through the takeover of numerous private railways in the 1930s and 1940s as part of the general nationalization of the railways .
Small locomotives at SJ
When SJ procured stronger shunting locomotives from other manufacturers such as Kockums AB , Malmö or Kalmar Verkstad AB , Kalmar and from other countries such as Deutsche Werken Kiel AG , Kiel from Germany , in the 1940s , it was decided to relocate these locomotives To divide performance groups. The numbering plan was created in principle in 1942. Most Bjurström locomotives were given the designations Z , Z2 or Z3 in this numbering plan . Different types of equally powerful machines were grouped under the same series designation, so that locomotives with the same designation can look different.
In addition to standard gauge locomotives, narrow-gauge locomotives with gauges of 1067 mm and 891 mm were affected by this classification.
In 1942, the 55 still existing locomotives of the Zm series with their previous serial numbers were taken over into the new Z series . Locomotives from Berg & Company mekaniska Verkstad in Lindesberg and from Kalmar Verkstad AB were added to the same series .
Numbering scheme at SJ
A large number of locomotives followed through the takeover of other private railway companies as part of the general railway nationalization, which were sorted into the numbering scheme at Statens Järnvägar. Over the years, the series classification has been revised and refined several times. A correction took place in 1958, at that time, for example, the SJ Z42 became the SJ Z3 (IX) . The Z7 (x) series for locomotives over 300 hp was only added in 1990, when the Z70 was created from the Z65 by installing a more powerful engine . The converted locomotives kept the code letter Z for small locomotives, although according to the Swedish numbering system, diesel locomotives with more than 300 hp should actually receive the code letter T.
The last valid numbering scheme listed these series:
| model series | power | Series examples | Special |
|---|---|---|---|
| Z | Max. 75 hp (55 kW) | SJ Z / SJ Zm | |
| Zp | Max. 75 hp (55 kW) | SJ Zp | Track width 891 mm |
| Currently | Max. 75 hp (55 kW) | SJ Zt | Track width 1067 mm |
| Z2 | 76-119 hp | ||
| Z2p | 76-119 hp | SJ Z2p | Track width 891 mm |
| Z3 | 120-149 hp | SJ Z3 (IX) | |
| Z4 (x) | 150-199 hp | SJ Z42 / SJ Z4 (XIII) | |
| Z4p | 120-299 hp | SJ Z4p | Track width 891 mm |
| Z4t | 120-299 hp | SJ Z4t | Track width 1067 mm |
| Z4tu | 120-299 hp | SJ Z4tu | Track width 1093 mm |
| Z6 (x) | 200-299 hp | SJ Z61 / SJ Z64 / SJ Z65 | |
| Z7 (x) | over 300 hp | SJ Z70 |
Individual evidence
- ↑ T41 204. Museiföreningen Gefle-Dala Jernväg, December 8, 2017, accessed on July 23, 2018 (Swedish).
- ↑ SJ lokomotorer. In: Svenska-lok.se. Retrieved May 24, 2013 (Swedish).
Web links
- The lilla lokomotorn. In: järnväg.net. Retrieved January 3, 2015 (Swedish).
- SJ locomotives. In: Svenska-lok.se. Retrieved January 3, 2015 (Swedish).