Bremen-Ost Clinic
| Bremen-Ost Clinic | |
|---|---|
| Sponsorship | Gesundheit Nord gGmbH |
| place | Osterholz (Bremen) |
| Coordinates | 53 ° 3 '52 " N , 8 ° 56' 25" E |
| beds | 712 (2014) |
| Employee | 1235 (2014) |
| founding | 1904 |
| Website | Official website |
The Bremen-Ost Clinic is a hospital of the city of Bremen in Bremen- Osterholz , Züricher Straße 40, with 905 beds and around 1,794 employees. Like three other clinics ( Bremen-Nord , Bremen-Mitte and Links der Weser ) it belongs to the Bremer Klinikverbund Gesundheit Nord gGmbH .
Task and situation
The Bremen-Ost Clinic is a hospital with twelve specialist clinics. It serves as a regional provider in the east of Bremen as well as for patients from other regions for special clinical treatments. A total of 905 beds are available, 410 for acute medicine and 318 for psychiatry .
The clinic - as well as the three other clinics in Bremen-Mitte , Bremen-Nord and Links der Weser - belong to the Bremen Clinic Association Health Nord gGmbH . It is a teaching hospital of the University of Göttingen .
The clinic is located in the Osterholz district of Bremen and extends over an area of 11 hectares . It can be reached with the bus lines 25, 33, 34 and 37 of the Bremer Straßenbahn AG (nearest stops Krankenhaus Ost, Oewerweg, Poggenburg and Am Hallacker) as well as via the A 27 motorway , exit HB-Sebaldsbrück.
history
founding
Jean Paul Friedrich Scholz , head of the Bremen hospital , now the Bremen-Mitte Clinic , modernized the insane ward in line with the no-restraint system and, in 1891, caused it to be renamed St.-Jürgen-Asyl .
After the city of Bremen acquired land from the Bremen Cathedral in the former village of Ellen near Bremen, the Bremen citizenship approved around 2 million marks in 1900 for the construction of an institution . In 1904 it was opened as a St. Jürgen Asylum for the mentally and nervously ill with 300 beds. Asylum in the country was preferred to urban asylum for financial and care reasons.
In line with the paradigm shift at the time, the facility was not realized using multi-storey buildings with long corridors, but using a large number of one- and two-storey buildings embedded in a park landscape.
More buildings soon followed. Of the 72 hectares of the institution's premises, 18 hectares had been built on by 1915. The buildings of the complex from 1904, which are still largely preserved today, were mainly made as plastered buildings with oak frameworks, overhanging roofs and verandas.
The St. Jürgen Asylum was autonomous and had its own energy supply, agriculture, a bakery, vegetable cultivation and animal husbandry, workshops, laundry, large kitchen, patties, community center as well as a prayer room and a crematorium.
Development until the end of the Weimar Republic
The “Prussian measure admissible by the police” provided for a population of 330 patients for the asylum. As early as 1905, the asylum was overcrowded with 446 patients. Before the start of the war in 1913, the number rose to 608, and there was a jump in 1917 with 643 patients. The occupancy decreased due to the war. In 1917 alone, 38% of all sick people died as a result of poor nutrition. By 1919 the number of patients fell to a low of 477, only to rise again to 688 by 1930. At the beginning of the First World War the patient population was already 633 and in 1939 there were 968 patients.
The first director of the St. Jürgen Asylum was the psychiatrist Anton Delbrück . As the most important part of treatment in asylum, Delbrück promoted work therapy . About half of the patients were included in the occupational therapy. Men worked in the adjacent fields or garden land, on the farm or in the workshop building. The majority of women were employed in household chores .
In 1921, the St. Jürgen Asylum was incorporated into the Osterholz district.
In 1927, Friedrich Karl Walter followed as the new director. In 1928 he renamed the clinic "Bremische Heil- und Pflegeanstalt". Walter's research focused on the biological- somatic area.
time of the nationalsocialism
Even before the law for the prevention of genetically ill offspring came into force , Walter advocated the compulsory sterilization of so-called "hereditary diseases". Under his leadership, half of the patients had already been forcibly sterilized in 1934. A total of 2,665 men and women from Bremen were forcibly sterilized.
In the course of the national socialists' synchronization , the national socialist government of Bremen carried out a "great cleansing operation ". "During the last ten years," said Hermann Brauneck , President of the Health Service in Bremen, "the Bremen sanatorium and nursing home has developed more and more into a Marxist stronghold." Several employees of the St. Jürgen Asylum became dismiss. By February 1934, all senior officials had been replaced by National Socialists.
Between 1938 and 1944, almost 1,000 patients were transferred to other institutions as part of the so-called “euthanasia”; More than 700 of them were killed, most of them in the Hadamar and Meseritz-Obrawalde killing centers .
Post-war until today
After the Second World War, the areas of neurology, neurosurgery, neurophysiology and psychotherapy were created.
Additional departments were set up in Horn (with 110 beds) in Oberneuland (89), St. Magnus (18) and in Blankenburg near Oldenburg (350), so that the mental hospital had 1,300 beds in 1965.
In 1970, the citizens of Bremen decided to reform psychiatric care. A new building was planned around 1977. The internal medicine and surgery departments housed in the Sebaldsbrücker Hospital were accepted. A department of the psychiatric clinic was housed in Sebaldsbrück. By 1988, the Horn, Oberneuland, St. Magnus and Blankenburg branches were closed and the Holdheim Clinic was integrated with the disciplines of lung medicine and thoracic surgery.
In 1989 the KulturAmbulanz was established consisting of the hospital museum, the event center Haus im Park and the gallery in the park .
In 2000, the two-part window of heaven / Irrstern memorial by Marikke Heinz-Hoek was inaugurated on the clinic premises to commemorate the victims of psychiatry in Bremen during the National Socialist era , consisting of a video installation in the foyer of the main building and a warning board in the clinic's park.
Monument protection St.-Jürgen-Asyl
The building ensemble of the former St.-Jürgen-Asyls in today's Klinikum Ost with its wards, boarding houses, administrative and operational buildings, residential buildings as well as the former asylum garden and today's park have been under Bremen monument protection since 2004/05 .
The buildings were built from 1900 to 1904, and in the second phase from 1907 to 1915, in the reform style of the turn of the century, according to plans by Hugo Weber and Hugo Wagner and under the supervision of Hans Ohnesorge .
The components of the monument group and the uses at that time are:
Construction phase 1900 to 1904
- Park
- Monitoring station for men (building 1)
- Care station for men (house 12)
- Closed ward for men (building 13)
- Pension house for men (house 16)
- Care station for women (House 2)
- Closed ward for women (House 3)
- Pension house for women (house 6)
- Kitchen building (house 21)
- Laundry (house 20)
- Machine house and water tower (House 24)
- Administration building (house 9)
- Bakery and workshops (house 10)
- Director's residence (House 17)
- Warder's apartment / civil servants' residence (house 30)
- Outbuilding of a guard's apartment (house 31)
- Warden's apartment / civil servants' residence (House 7)
- Warden's apartment / civil servants' residence (House 8)
- Hofmeierhaus / Kuhstall (House 43)
- Manor / horse stable (house 40)
- Car shed (house 41)
- Kegelhäuschen (house 61)
Construction phase 1907 to 1915
- Open ward for men (building 11)
- Nursing station for men (building 14)
- Open ward for women (House 5)
- Care ward for women (House 4)
Facility
Clinics and centers
The Klinikum-Ost is divided into 12 individual clinics and centers:
- General, visceral and trauma surgery
- Anesthesia , intensive care medicine and pain therapy
- Reception center
- Imaging diagnostics
- Intestinal center
- geriatrics
- Internal Medicine
- neurology
- Pneumology and respiratory medicine
- Psychiatry , psychotherapy and psychosomatics
- Day medicine
- Thoracic surgery
Institutes
- Institute for Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine
- Institute for Clinical Neurophysiology
Performance data (2011 selection)
- Full beds: 712 (2014)
- Full inpatients: 18,630
- Employees: 1235 (2014)
- Occupancy: 85.7%
- Average length of stay
- General: 7.7 days
- Psychiatry : 23.3 days
Certification
In 2008 the clinic was certified according to the KTQ procedure. The categories of patient care, employee orientation, security, hospital management, quality management and information systems were checked . The holistic approach to patient treatment was also rated positively.
See also
- List of psychiatric hospitals in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen
- Window of Heaven / Irrstern (memorial on the clinic premises)
literature
- Barbara Leidinger: Hospital and Sick: The General Hospital on Sankt-Jürgen-Strasse in Bremen, 1851–1897 (= yearbook of the Institute for the History of Medicine of the Robert Bosch Foundation . Supplement 13). Steiner, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-515-07528-3 .
- Gerda Engelbracht, Achim Tischer: The Sankt Jürgen Asylum in Bremen: Living and Working in an Asylum 1904–1934. Edition Temmen, Bremen 1990, ISBN 3-926958-49-9 .
- Without care (master builder): New construction of the St. Jürgen Asylum for the mentally and nervously ill in Ellen near Bremen. In: Ministry of Public Works (Hrsg.): Zeitschrift für Bauwesen . 62nd year (Berlin 1912), pp. 187–198. (Included in the digitized version of the volume with booklets IV to VI: urn : nbn: de: kobv: 109-opus-91722 ).
- Kurt Lammek (edit.): Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany, architectural monuments in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen. Volume 3.7: Osterholz district. Fischerhude 1982, pp. 46–49 (on the St. Jürgen Asylum).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Weser-Kurier of February 12, 2014, p. 9.
- ↑ Weser-Kurier of February 12, 2014, p. 9.
- ↑ Leidinger, 2000, p. 51.
- ↑ a b Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 12.
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 13.
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 14.
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 7.
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 50.
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 32.
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 57.
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 9.
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 35 f.
- ↑ a b Press release from May 27, 2011 ( Memento of the original from November 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Bremen-Ost Clinic
- ↑ Engelbracht & Tischler, 1990, p. 10.
- ↑ Eckart Roloff and Karin Henke-Wendt: What is crazy, what is normal, what is delusional? (The hospital museum at the Bremen-Ost Clinic) In: Visit your doctor or pharmacist. A tour through Germany's museums for medicine and pharmacy. Volume 1, Northern Germany. S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 2015, pp. 53–54, ISBN 978-3-7776-2510-2 .
- ↑ Achim Tischer (Ed.): Do we need a memorial? A project to commemorate psychiatry during National Socialism in Bremen . Edition Temmen, Bremen 2000, ISBN 3-86108-648-4 .
- ↑ Monument database of the LfD Bremen
- ^ Weser-Kurier dated December 6, 2008.
