Klootschießen
Klootschießen is a sport known in northern Germany , especially on the coast and the islands . It is many centuries old, much older than Boßeln . It is a relatively difficult type of throw that requires speed, strength and concentration.
history
Klootschießen probably originated from a prehistoric Frisian weapon that the Frisians hurled at ships and opponents. The Frisian fighters are said to have been feared for their projectiles. The term Kloot comes from Low German and is derived from Kluten . A clod is a clod of earth . Heavy flint balls and two-pound iron balls were used in the further development of this sport . Later the wood of the apple tree was made into fist-sized balls that were pierced crosswise. The resulting cavity was filled with lead.
The Dutch reformer Jacobus van Oudenhoven recorded Kloot werpen in his register of sins on the Sunday after the service in 1659 .
In the past, there were many side effects associated with loo shooting. Competitions were often held in which money or other valuables were played. Since the sport was practiced in winter and in earlier times the sportswear consisted of underwear , there are said to have been deaths from pneumonia . A lot of alcohol was often consumed during the competition. Since it then inevitably had to result in invalid throws, there were often even bloody arguments. Accordingly, the sport was occasionally forbidden by the authorities , but in the end loo shooting always prevailed.
That of Hinrich Dunkhase (1857-1905) in Butjadingen - Burhave excited merger of Oldenburg and East Frisian klootschieten for Frisian klootschieten Association (FRP) was on May 25, 1902. Dunkhase was its chairman until his death.
During the National Socialist era, the FKV opposed integration into the (NS-) Reichsbund für physical exercises by not counting themselves as part of the sports organization, but wanting to understand the Klootschießen tradition as a home game and a Frisian game. The FKV joined the Nazi cultural community and was thus able to maintain a certain degree of independence. Above all, Low German and Frisian could still be spoken during competitions, which was forbidden in a sport . Only after the Second World War did the FKV reorient itself and became a sport as a member of the Lower Saxony State Sports Association . Today the NKV is the umbrella organization of over 40,000 Klootschießern and bosses. The sport is now also represented in the state sports federations of North Rhine-Westphalia ( Klootschießer and Boßel Association of North Rhine-Westphalia ) and Schleswig-Holstein. European championships (as road bowling ) have been held since 1969 (every four years since 1980) between the Netherlands, Ireland, Northern Ireland and Germany in the disciplines of standing competition, field competition and street boaring. In the Netherlands there is the Nederlandse Klootschieters Bond (NKB, founded in 1967) and in Ireland the Irish Road Bowling Association (Irish: Ból Chumann na hÉireann , founded 1954). The international umbrella organization is the International Bowlplaying Association (IBA, founded in 1969). Competitions are also held among Irish immigrants in the US and Canada as it is part of traditional Irish folk culture.
The competition
The aim of the game is to throw a small ball as far as possible with a short run-up and jump from a ramp .
A distinction is made between field combat and standing combat.
Traditional and common is the field battle . Here two teams play against each other. Field fights are carried out in frosty weather . Here a certain distance is thrown over fields and meadows . In contrast to standing combat , the trull , the expiry of the ball, is counted in field combat . The distance is about seven kilometers . Each team consists of several throwers and throws against each other one after the other. The point at which the Klootkugel stops after rolling out marks the next drop point.
In the standing fight all participants play against each other; The winner is the thrower who throws the furthest. The trull is not counted, so only the distance actually thrown is counted. The standing fight is often used by clubs for championships , because you can set up the Klootschießerbahn on a normal sports field or a pasture (measure and mark out).
The motto of the Klootschießer is “Lüch up un fleu herut” (pick up and fly far out!).
Records
The ball was first hurled over the 100 meter mark in 1935 by the East Frisian Gerd Gerdes. This record length lasted until 1985, when the Aurich Harm Henkel threw 102.00 meters. This record was exceeded on the same day by the "Bear von Ellens" Hans-Georg Bohlken with 105.20 meters. The current (as of January 2006) record distance of 106.20 meters is held by Stefan Albarus from the north in East Frisia .
Similar sports
literature
- W. Lauw: Klootscheter-Bok. Wilhelm Böning, Nordenham 1925.
- Georg Coldewey: The Klootschießer and Boßler movement in words and pictures. - Us Heimatspill - Klootscheeten un Boßeln in't Freesenland. Ad. Allmers, Varel 1938.
- Michael Augustin, Friedrich Johannsen, Horst Zöger: About Boßeln, Klootschießen and bowl-playing. H. Lühr & Dircks, St. Peter Ording 1978, ISBN 978-3-921416-04-4 .
- Ihno Alberts , Harm Wiemann, Ursula Basse-Soltau: The old Frisian game is young. Klootschießen and Boßeln then and now. Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1988, ISBN 3-922365-53-1 .
- Helge Kujas: Klootschießen - Boßeln - sling ball . Isensee, Oldenburg 1994, ISBN 3-89442-228-9 .
- Bernhard Uphoff, Martin Stromann, Helmut Behrends: Freesensport . Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 2004, ISBN 3-928327-65-8 .
Web links
- Reports, results, pictures and videos around Boßeln - Klootschießen - Schleuderball
- Information about Boßeln and Klootschießen
- Klootschießen at nachbarsport.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Klootschießen - The Eternal Field Fight. Retrieved December 30, 2012.
- ↑ Jacobus van Oudenhoven: Inge Broken Alblasser-they probably, in Zuyd-Hollandt . JB Smient, Dordrecht 1659; See T. Brienen: Jacobus van Oudenhoven (1600–1690). In: T. Brienen et al. (Ed.): Figures en thema's van de Nadere Reformatie. De Groot Goudriaan, Kampen 1987, pp. 43-51.
- ↑ Friesischer Klootschießer Verband eV - Articles of Association ( Memento of the original from July 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed December 30, 2012.
- ^ Arnd Krüger : Incorporating traditional games into modern sports. The German Experience. In: E. De Vroede, R. Renson (Eds.): Proceedings of the 2nd European Seminar on Traditional Games . Leuven 12-16 Sept. 1990. Vlaamse Volkssport Centrale, Löwen 1991, pp. 45-54.
- ^ Arnd Krüger: Sport and Politics, From the gymnastics father Jahn to the state amateur. Torch bearer, Hanover 1975, ISBN 3-7716-2087-2 .
- ↑ Competition regulations Klootschießen ( Memento of the original from January 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 301 kB), accessed December 30, 2012.
